Liquid-phase methanol synthesis via methyl formate using coal-derived syngas was carried out in a bench-scale(diameter 173 mm and dispersion height 1200 mm) slurry bubble column reactor(SBCR) Under the condition of $180^{\circ}$. 61 atm, 30 L/min, $H_{2}$/CO=2 and a slurry mixture of 2 kg of copper chromite and 0.5 kg of $KOCH_{3}$ suspended in 14 L of methanol, the per pass conversions of syngas is 6 %, maximum concentration of methyl formate 3.088 mol% and maximum synthesis, rate of methanol 0.8 gmole/kg ${\cdot}$ hr. It is a significant evidence that copper chromite powder as heterogeneous catalyst didn't active for the hydrogenolysis of methyl formate to methanol, resulting copper chromite powder was not efficiently suspended in a slurry mixture. To enhance the hydrogenolysis of methyl formate in liquid-phase methanol synthesis process, the designed SBCR have need to use the higher specific gravity solvent and/or decrease the catalyst particle size.

Pyrolysis of polypropylene(PP) Was performed to find the effects of the pyrolysis temperature(425, 450, 475 and $500^{\circ}C$) and the pyrolysis time(35, 50 and 65minutes), respectively. Conversion and liquid yield obtained during PP pyrolysis continuously increased with the pyrolysis temperature( up to $500^{\circ}C$) and the pyrolysis time(up to 65minutes), especially these were more sensitive to the pyrolysis time at $425^{\circ}C$ than other pyrolysis temperatures. Each liquid product formed during the pyrolysis was classified into gasoline, kerosene, light oil and wax according to the distillation temperature based on the petroleum product quality standard of Korea Petroleum Quality Inspection Institute. The liquid products of PP pyrolysis up to $450^{\circ}C$ were almost same fractions($26{\pm}3$wt.% gasoline, $20{\pm}2$wt.% kerosene and $23{\pm}2$wt.% light oil) except wax($3{\sim}13$wt.%). On the other hand, the pyrolysis of PP from $475^{\circ}C$ to $500^{\circ}C$ produced $26{\pm}3$wt.% wax, $24{\pm}1$wt.% gasoline, $18{\pm}1$wt.% kerosene and $16{\pm}1$wt.% light oil. After all, the main liquid product changed from gasoline to wax with increasing pyrolysis temperature.

$CaCO_{3}$ absorbed sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) surfactant was prepared, Core-shell polymers of inorganic/organic pair, which have both core and shell component, were synthesized by sequential emulsion polymerization using styrene(St) as a shell monomer and potasium persulfate (KPS) as an initiator, We found that when $CaCO_{3}$; core prepared by adding 2,0 wt% SLS, $CaCO_{3}$ core/PSt shell polymerization was carried out on the surface of $CaCO_{3}$ particle without forming the new PSt particle during St shell polymerization in the inorganic/organic core-shell polymer preparation, The structure of core-shell polymer were investigated by measuring the degree of decomposition of $CaCO_{3}$ using HCl solution, thermal decomposition of polymer composite using thermogravimetric analyzer and morphology by scanning electron microscope.

Thermal decomposition of the copolymer of butyl methacylate(BMA) with styrene(St) was investigated. The copolymer Was obtained at 80 $^{\circ}C$ in a continuous stirred tank reactor(CSTR) using toluene and benzoyl peroxide(BPO), as solvent and initiator, respectively. The reactor volume was 0.3 liters and residence time was 3 hours. The thermal decomposition followed the second order kinetics for BMA/St copolymer. The activation energies of thermal decompositon were in the ranges of 38 ${\sim}43$ kcal/mol for BMA with St copolymer and a good additivity rule was observed with the composition of copolymer. The thermogravimetric trace curve agreed well with the theoretical calculation.

Dermorphin is a hepta peptide(H-Tyr-DAla-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Pro-Ser-$NH_{2}$)with exceptionally potent and long-lasting peripheral and central activity. Dermorphin analogues, dermorphionyl(DMP)-Lys-$NH_{2}$ and DMP-Lys-Lys-$NH_{2}$ have been prepared in order to examine the effect of opiod activity. Dermorphin analogues were synthesized by the solid phase method. The crude peptide was purified by gel filter on a Sephadex LH-20, characterized with HPLC and amino acid analyzer. Analgesic potency was estimated by writhing syndrome method and Randall-Selitto method. As a result, dermorphin analogues have lower potency than that of morphine.

Fatty polyamide that gives softness, lubrication and bulky property and alkyl imidazoline that gives durable softness and antistatic property were synthesized. then, an O/W-type durable softener (DSN) was prepared by the emulsion of the synthesized fatty polyamide and alkyl imidazoline. Emulsion stability of the DSN was good, and the mixed HLB value was 11.2. From the measurement of softness, lubrication, antistatic property, bending resistance, and color fastness, it was proved that the prepared DSN was a good durable softener for nylon.

We investigated the effect of electron injection layer on the performance of organic light emitting devices (OLEDs). As an electron injection layer, the quinolate metal complexes were used. We optimized the device efficiency by varying the thickness of the quinolate metal complexes layer. The device with 1 nm of the quinolate metal complexes layer showed significant enhancement of the device performance and device lifetime. We also compared the effect of 8-hydroxyquinolinolatolithium (Liq) with that of bis(8-quinolinolato)-zinc ($Znq_{2}$) and 8-hydroxyquinolinolatosodium (Naq) as an electron injection layer. As a result, Liq is considered as a better materials for the electron injection layer than $Znq_{2}$ and Naq.

Demand for organic analysis increase as industries are growing and many products are spreaded in the daily life. One of many products is oil spill dispersant. It was used for oil accident in the ocean. When oil spill dispersant spread at the ocean, the petroleum in the ocean is dispersed. The oil spill dispersant is made of non ionic surfactant and petroleum oil. The non ionic surfactant disperse petroleum from oil accident. The other part is petroleum oil which has aromatic hydrocarbon. Because the aromatic hydrocarbon is cancerogenic material, it directly injure animals in the ocean. This cause the second pollution in the human body. Many oil accidents still are controlled by oil spill dispersant. Therefore quality control of the oil spill dispersant become important and this also demand for the exact quantitative analysis of aromatic hydrocarbon. Hereupon the first we develop separate petroleum oil from surfactant. The second standardize analytical method of aromatic hydrocarbon in the separated petroleum oil.

Environmental friendly acrylic/urea high-solid paint(MUHC) were prepared through the curing reaction of acrylics resin(EBHC) containing 70wt% of solids content and butylated urea curing agent. The synthesis of EBHC Was done at $150^{\circ}C$ for 6 hours, and the results were obtained as follows : $M_{n}=1830{\sim}2190$, $M_{w}$ $3290{\sim}4000$, $M_{w}/M_{n}$=1.80{\sim}1.83$ viscosity=$110{\sim}352$ cps, and conversion=$82{\sim}92$%. After the film was coated with MUHC, the various physical properties were measured. They showed that enhancement of the coating properties such as adhesion, flexibility, abrasion resistance, impact resistance, and water resistance could be expected through introdl1cing caprolactone acrylate component in acrylics resin for the high-solids content acrylics/urea coatings.

Natto, one of Japanese traditional food is made from steamed whole soybeans fermented with Bacillus natto. In this study, the effects of Natto mucilage- feeding on griwth, organ weight and serum nitrogen compounds of rats were investigated. Male rats in Sprague-Dawley strain were fed on basal diets supplemented with aqueous Natto mucilage of several percentages for 10 weeks. Natto mucilage had no significant effects on the body and organ weights. The levels of GOT, GPT, LDH. and total bilirubin in serum of rats fed Natto mucilage diets were significantly lower than those in the control group ' The levels of total protein and albumin were higher than those in the control group. The level of calcium in serum indicates a growing tendency. but creatinine, uric acid, and BUN had declining. And the most component of free am1no acids in Natto mucilage were glutamin acid.

Transesterfication of vegetable oils and methanol with alkaline catalyst was carried out to produce biodiesel fuel by continuous process. The process consists of two static mixers, one tubular reactor and two coolers and gave $96{\sim}99$% of methyl ester yield from soybean oil and rapeseed oil. Experimental variables were the molar ratios of methanol to vegetable oil, alkaline catalyst contents, flow rates, mixer element number. The optimum ranges of operating variables were as follows; reaction temperature of $70^{\circ}C$, l:6 of molar ratio of methanol to oil, O.4%(w/w) sodium hydroxide based on oil, static mixer elements number of 24 and 4 min. residence time.

A new process for polymeric gate insulator in field-effect transistors was proposed. Fourier transform infrared absorption spectra were measured in order to identify ODPA-ODA polyimide. Its breakdown field and electrical conductivity were measured. All-organic thin-film transistors with a stacked-inverted top-contact structure were fabricated to demonstrate that thermally evaporated polyimide films could be used as a gate insulator. As a result, the transistor performances with evaporated polyimide was similar with spin-coated polyimide. It seems that the mass-productive in-situ solution-free processes for all-organic thin-film transistors are possible by using the proposed method without vacuum breaking.

Self-diffusion coefficients of colloidal ass9Ciation structures in the aqueous solutions of anionic ammonium dodecyl sulfate (ADS) and cationic octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (OTAC) surfactants were measured by pulsed-gradient spin echo NMR. The results were interpreted on the basis of the ADS/OTAC/water phase diagram. Crossing the phase boundaries, significant changes in self diffusion coefficients were observed and well correlated to the phase diagram. For the micelles their apparent radii were obtained from Stokes-Einstein equation. Their values were 15 for the ADS micelles and 54 ${{\AA}}$ for the OTAC micelles, respectively. For vesicles which were formed spontaneously at different relative amounts of the surfactants and total surfactant concentrations, the radius was measured as 50 to 200 nm. This result is in fair agreement with those by TEM and light scattering.