Some seeds of the Rutaceae family, Zanthoxylum piperitum, Z. schinifolium officinalis, Poncirus trifoliata, Citrus unshin, were investigated to clarify their antioxidative components. Finely powdered samples were extracted by hexane, followed by dichioromethane and then 70% methanol in a hot bath. Its unsaponifiables containing X-and Y-tocopherol with trace amount of ${\beta}-and$\;{\delta}-tocopherol$. also showed comparatively weak activity, although the hexane fraction itself had no significant antioxidative effect on lard. Levels of total tocopherols in the samples averages 42. 24-154. 11 mg/lOOg total extractives. The dichloromethane-and 70% methanol extractives showed strong antioxidative activity, from which antioxidative substances were purified with benzene-acetone(6:5, V/V) on a silica gel column, and with a solvent mixture of acetonitrile-methanol-$H_2O$(40:40:20, V/V/V) on a Sep-Pak $C_{18}$ hydrolyzed by 5% KOH-ethanol. The recovered unsaponifiables were, then, separated on a column of high performance liquid chromatography. The unsaponifiables produced by hydrolysis of the isolates from dichloromethane extractives has epi-catechin(40.0-57.1%) and (+)-catechin<$l9.1{\sim}24.4%$ to total phenolic substances, on area base) as major component, accompanied by chlorogenic acid, gallic acid(?), trans-p-coumaric acid and tralls-p-ferulic acid including some unknown components, and those derived from 70% methanol extractives also comprise (+)-catechin($31.3{\sim}39.6%$ to total components, on area base), epi-catechin($2O.2{\sim}36.4%$), trans-p-cournaric acid(8.4-15.3%) and trans-p-ferulic acid($7.7{\sim}14.1%$) as predominant component with some minor coponents, but the fraction supposed to be gallic acid(?) is not present. The antioxidative activities of the phenolic components isolated in this work were in order of epi-catechin>catechin>chlorogenic acid>trans-p-ferluic acid>trans-p-coumaric acid.

The present study was carried out in atheroscleorotic New Zealend white(NZW) rabbits. to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with Korean pinenut oil, on plasma total fatty acid composition. In study I, NZW rabbits were fed 10 weeks on a commercial chow diet supplemented with 5% of energy as fats(soybean oil or pinenut oil) or 10% of energy as fats(soybean oil or pinenut oil) with the addition of 1% cholesterol to the diet. Nineteen fatty acids ranged from myristic acid (14:0) to cervonic acid (22:6 ${\omega}3$) were identified in all the samples. The c5, c9, $c12{\sim}18$ : 3 acid was not reported in the fatty acid methyl ester profiles of each group because it was included in the linoleic acid peak. The major constitutent fatty acids in the chow diet group were linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid. In the cholesterol group, oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid were the major fatty acids. In plasma of cholesterol-fed animals, the levels of 16:1 ${\omega}$ 7 and 18:1 1 ${\omega}$ 9 were increased. Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid in soybean oil/cholesterol and pinenut oil/cholesterol groups. Plasma linoleic acid levels were significantly incresed from 4 to 6% by the supplementation of 5% soybean or 5% pinenut oil in the cholesterol diet for 5 weeks, compared to cholesterol group. Plasma 16 : 1 ${\omega}$ 7 levels in animals fed with 5 or 10% pinenut oils were significantly lower than in those fed cholesterol for 5 weeks. After 10 weeks on the soybean oil and pinenut oil diet there were no significant differences in the fatty acid composition. In study II, the fatty acid composition was not affected by the types or levels of oils supplemented for 5 weeks. After 10 weeks on the oil diets 16:1 ${\omega}$ 7 and 18:1 ${\omega}$ 9 were decreased in 10% soybean in oil/cholesterol and 10% pinenut oil/cholesterol groups, compared to cholesterol group.

The rate constants of hydrolysis of ${\alpha}$-phenly-N-iso-propylnitrone and its derivatives have been determined by UV spectrophotometry at $25^{\circ}C$ and a rate equation which can be applied over a wide pH range was obtained. On the basis of rate equations derived and judging from the hydrolysis products obtained and general base and substituent effects, plausible mechanism of hydrolysis in various pH range have been proposed. Below pH 4.5, the hydrolysis was initiated by the protonation and followed by the addition of water to ${\alpha}$-carbon. Above pH 10.0, the hydrolysis was proceeded by the addition of hydroxide ion to ${\alpha}$-carbon. In the range of $4.5{\sim}10.0$, the addition of water to nitrone was rate controlling step.

In this research, (3-alkyl benzimidazalium)-TCNQ complexes were synthesized to obtain the necessary components for Langmuir-Blodgett Technique. (3- Alkyl benzimidazolium)-TCNQ complexes were prepared by the reaction of LiTCNQ with 3-alkyl benzimidazolium bromides and the products were confirmed by elemental analysis. FT-IR, UV-Visible spectroscopies. FT-IR spectra of (3-alkyl benzimidazolium) TCNQ(1:2) complexes were characterized by a broad band with a maximum at about $2900cm^{-1}$ appears and were ascribed to electronic rather than vibrational absorption.

A Stability to the Spreading solvents, Which is acetonitrile, dichloromethane, benzene, chloroform and acetonitrile-benzene(1:1, v/v) of (3-Alkyl benzimidazolium)-TCNQ(1:1) Complex was investigated by UV-visible Spectrometer and was confirmed stabilized on acetonitrile, acetonitrilbenzene(1:1, v/v) for five hours. Using Ultra pure water as subphase for Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) Films, it was achived successively to fabricate the Y-type LB films of (3-Alkyl benzimidazolium)-TCNQ(1:1) Complex. For the identification of deposition of (3-Alkyl benzimidazolium)-TCNQ(1:1) Complex, UV-visible spectra was recorded on HP 8452A spectrometer.

For the purpose of producing emulsified fire proofing agent for synthetic fibers, 2,3-dibromopropylmonoamido orthophosphate[DP-AOP] and bis(2,3-dibromopropyl)monoamidoorthophosphate[$(DP)_{2}AOP$] were synthesized, and their structures were identified by instrumental analysis, respectively. Using three kinds of emulsifiers, O/W emulsified fire proofing agents, DPF and DPDPF, were obtained corresponding to DP-AOP and $(DP)_{2}-AOP$, respectively. Various synthetic textiles were fire-retardant treated by prepared DPF and DPDPF, and fire retardancy and tearing strength of the resulting products were tested. The results showed that as the concentration of fire proofing agents increased, fire retardancy increased, but the tearing strength much decreased, where the tendencies of DPDPF were deeper than those of DPF. But, since the fire retardancy appeared favorable in the range of $10{\sim}20wt%$ of DPDPF, DPDPF is proven to be a fire proofing agent useful for various synthetic textiles.

The Synthesis of azobenzene containing long chain fatty acid and poly vinyl alcohol by esterification reaction($C_{n}-Azo-PVA$) was optimized, starting from P-(P'-hydroxy phenyl azo)-benzoic acid and the product of reaction containing azobenzene chromophores was investigated by ultraviolet spectrophotometery in toluene solvent at room temperature. In addition, UV absorption spectra of Langmmuir Blodggett (LB) film deposited on quartz plate have been measured and the structure of these compounds were ascertained by means of Ultraviolet and FT-IR. Recrystallization of reaction product in the solvent results the experimental yield obtained about 22.27% P-(P'-octadecyloxy phenyl azo)-benzoic acid-poly vinyl alcohol. Long chain azobenzene derivative-poly vinyl alcohols are induced phtoisomerization by u, v, and visible light irradiation. The LB film of azobenzene containing long chain fatty acids($C_{18}-Azo-PVA$) are possible of being applied to functional molecular devices such as photomemory and light switching.

New anionic oligomeric surfactants, sodium bis(alkyl decaoxyethylene) sulfonated succinates, had been synthesized through the addition reaction of sodium hydrogen sulfite to bis(alkyl decaoxyethylene) maleates. Bis(alkyl decaoxyethylene) maleates were obtained by esterification with maleic anhydride and long chain alkyl decaoxyethylene ethers which were also obtained by addition ethylene oxide 10 mole to straight long chain alcohol with alkyl group having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, their structure of the synthetic compounds have been characterized with IR. $^{1}H$ NMR and elemental analysis respectively.

In order to review industrial application of amphoteric surfactants, new types of hydroxy sulfobetaine, 3-(N, N-dimethyl N-dimethyl-N-alkylammonio)-2-hydroxy-1-propane sulfonate and 3-(N, N-dimethyl N-acylammonio)-2-hydroxy-1-propane sulfonate were prepared by the reaction of quaternized sodium 1-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-propane sulfonate with N, N-dimethyl-N-alkylamine and N, N-dimethyl N-acylamido propylamine that have a straight chain radical of 12, 18 carbon atoms respectively in the presence of alkali catalyst. All the reaction products could be separated by means of column and thin layer chromatography, and the yields of all products ranged in $85{\sim}90%$, the structure of them could be confirmed from IR and $^{1}H$-NMR spectra.

All the activities and physical properties including surface tension' foaming power, foam stability, emulsifying power, dispersion effect of 3-(N, N-dimethyl N-alkylammonio)-2-hydroxyY-1-propane sulfonate (HSB)류와 3-CN-alkylamidopropyl-N,N-dimethylamm-onjo)-2-hydroxy-1-propane sulfonate (APSB) aquous solution were measured and critical micelle concentration was evaluated. Their cmc of hydroxy sulfobetaine derivatives evaluated by the surface tension method was $1.0{\times}10^{-3}{\sim}1.0{\times}10^{-4}$ mol/l, and surface tension of the aquous solution was decreased to $27{\sim}38dyne/cm$. The experimental results for foaming power, foam stability, emulsifying power in liquid paraffin showed a good surface active properties, especially, dispersion effect in ferric oxide exhibited some efficient surface active properties, and then it would be expected to application as detergent and dispersion agent.