Food Science and Biotechnology
한국식품과학회 (Korean Society of Food Science and Technology)
- 월간
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- 1226-7708(pISSN)
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- 2092-6456(eISSN)
과학기술표준분류
- 농림수산식품 > 식량작물과학
- 농림수산식품 > 식품과학
Aim & Scope
The Food Science and Biotechnology (Food Sci. Biotechnol.; FSB) was launched in 1992 as the Food Biotechnology and changed to the present name in 1998. It is an international peer-reviewed journal published monthly by the Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (KoSFoST). The FSB journal covers; Food chemistry/food component analysis Food microbiology and biotechnology Food processing and engineering Food hygiene and toxicology Biological activity and nutrition in foods Sensory and consumer science s Consumer perception and sensory evaluation on processed foods are accepted only when they are relevant to the laboratory research work. As a general rule, manuscripts dealing with analysis and efficacy of extracts from natural resources prior to the processing or without any related food processing may not be considered within the scope of the journal. The FSB journal does not deal with only local interest and a lack of significant scientific merit. The main scope of our journal is seeking for human health and wellness through constructive works and new findings in food science and biotechnology field.
http://www.fsnb.or.kr/submission/ KSCI KCI SCOPUS SCI SCIE제14권2호
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Antioxidant activity of crude extracts from colored sweet potato cultivars by plant parts such as root, stem and leaf was evaluated. The highest TBARS values were obtained from root samples of sweet patato, and followed by stems and leaves, indicating that leaf sample showed the strongest antioxidant activity. Sweet potato cultivars with yellow flesh and leaf part exhibited strong antioxidant activities. Antioxidant activities of leaf and stem extracts were maintained for 21 days and were a little lower than that of BHT. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest in "Sinhwangmi" leaf, and followed by "Jami" root. Chlorogenic acid was detected as the most abundant antioxidant substance among all fractions. These results suggest that the antioxidant activity of sweet potato differs depending on plant part and cultivar.
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Effects of irradiation and fumigation on disinfestation and quality attributes of chestnuts during storage were studied. Fresh chestnuts were exposed to gamma irradiation (0-10 kGy) and methyl bromide (MeBr) under commercial conditions and stored at different temperatures for 6 months. Pest of quarantine importance for chestnuts, Curculio sikkimensis Heller showed 100% mortality by MeBr on 3rd day after fumigation and by irradiation at 0.5 kGy in about 3 weeks at
$23{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ . Respiration rates of samples one day after treatments increased in proportion to irradiation dose. Respiration pattern of MeBr group was equal to that of 10 kGy-group. Both MeBr and irradiation at 0.25 kGy or higher showed 100% inhibition of sprouting during storage at$5^{\circ}C$ for 6 months. Flesh firmness was significantly reduced by MeBr or irradiation over 5 kGy (p<0.05) 1 day after treatments. MeBr fumigation resulted in appreciable decrease in flesh weight, reducing sugar and ascorbic acid contents (p<0.05), as compared to irradiated samples. Irradiation at 0.5 kGy was effective as alternative to MeBr in controlling pests while maintaining overall quality of fresh chestnuts during storage. -
Mejia-Cordova, Sonia Marisela;Montanez, Julio Cesar;Aguilar, Cristobal Noe;Reyes-Vega, Maria De La Luz;Garza, Heliodoro De La;Hours, Roque Alberto;Contreras-Esquivel, Juan Carlos 185
The effect of NaCl solution concentration (from 0 to 3 M) on the extraction of pectinesterase (PE) from jalapeno chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) was studied by determining its solubilization degree from the chili tissue. All concentrations of the salt favored the solubilization of PE in jalapeno chili pepper, compared to that in water. Maximum enzyme activity was obtained with NaCl 2.0 M. The effect of temperature on the PE activity of jalapeno chili pepper in the extracts was also studied. The PE residual activity of jalapeno pepper was 75% after 60 min of incubation at$55^{\circ}C$ and 10% at$75^{\circ}C$ . At$85-95^{\circ}C$ , PE residual activity was 5% after 5 min of incubation. -
Optimum Conditions for the Extraction of Effective Substances from the Stem of Opuntia fiscus-indicaThe conditions for the extraction of effective substances from the stem of Opuntia ficus-indica were optimized by a response surface methodology. The total extract yield was maximized under the temperature of
$97.77^{\circ}C$ , at a time duration of 145.82 min and a water to sample ratio 16.59 mL/g. Moreover, the optimum conditions for the extraction of effective substances were as follows:$84.95^{\circ}C$ , 156.50 min and a water/sample ratio of 7.46 mL/g for the phenolics content; and$97.11^{\circ}C$ , 139.03 min and a water/sample ratio of 10.91 mL/g for the pectin content. The range of optimum extraction conditions in consideration of the physicochemical properties of the extracts were shown to be as$95-100^{\circ}C$ as the extraction temperature, 120-180 min as extraction time and a water to sample ratio of 5-18 mL/g. -
Antimicrobial activity of persimmon leaf tea methanol extracts on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus was examined through paper disk diffusion bioassay. K. pneumoniae and S. aureus showed 87.64 and 99.35% growth inhibitions by addition of steamed tea methanol extracts (10 mg/ml), respectively. The number of microorganisms in rice cakes was significantly reduced when leaf tea powder was added during production of rice cakes. Addition of 1% steamed leaf teas to rice cakes decreased the number of microorganisms by over 50%, and over 70% reduction was observed when final 2% (dried weight w/w) steamed leaf tea was added, whereas no significant effect was observed over 2%. These results indicate that different microorganisms were detected from persimmon leaf and rice cake, and persimmon leaf can inhibit normal microbial growth in rice cake.
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Cho, Hye-Yeon;Park, Ji-Young;Kim, Jong-Kyung;Noh, Kyung-Hee;Moon, Gap-Soon;Kim, Jung-In;Song, Young-Sun 200
Effect of quercetin on NO production and regulation mode of quercetin on oxidative stress,$NF{\kappa}B$ activation, and iNOS expression, possible mechanisms of NO suppression in LPS-stimulated macrophages were investigated. Treatment of RAW 264.7 cells with quercetin significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production dose-dependently ($IC_{50}$ ,$9.2\;{\mu}M$ ). Expression of iNOS and specific DNA binding activities of nuclear factor kB ($NF{\kappa}B$ ) were significantly suppressed by quercetin pretreatment. Quercetin reduced thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) accumulation, enhancing GSH level and antioxidant activities of enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. These results demonstrate quercetin may ameliorate inflammatory diseases by suppressing NO production through inhibition of iNOS expression,$NF{\kappa}B$ transactivation, and oxidative stress, which may be mediated partially by antioxidative effect of quercetin. Thus, quercetin appears to be used as a potential therapeutic agent for treating LPS-induced inflammatory processes. -
Effect of garlic on cholesterol and selenium (Se) levels, and fatty acid composition in the broiler chicks (Indian River) fed diet containing 0, 2, 4, 6, and 10% lyophilized garlic powder (GA) for 6 weeks were determined. Supplementation of garlic powder significantly decreased cholesterol level in broiler compared to the control (p<0.05). Se levels were not significantly different (p>0.05) among treatment groups. Percentages of
$C_{16:0}$ and$C_{18:1}$ were gradually decreased ($C_{16:0}$ ;20.62% of total fatty acid in the control to 17.71 % in 10% GA;$C_{18:1}$ ;34.08% in the control to 30.71 % in 10% GA), while that of$C_{18:2}$ was increased from 28.69% in the control to 35.89% of 10% GA diet (p<0.0l). These results demonstrate some active components of garlic reduce cholesterol level and affect fatty acid metabolism. -
Ethanol crude extracts of wood, bark, leaf, and fruit of Callistenwn citrinus were compared for their antioxidant activities based on DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity and reducing power. Bark extract showed the most potent radical-scavenging activity and reducing power, showing 94.1 and 0.64% at 25 and
$100\;{\mu}g/mL$ , respectively. Total phenolic content of the bark extracts (275.0 mg GAE/g) was higher than those of others. Further fractionation of the bark extract using hexane,$CH_2Cl_2$ , and EtOAc showed EtOAc fraction had the highest antioxidant activity ($IC_{50}\;6.7\;{\mu}g/mL$ ) and reducing power (0.82 at$100\;{\mu}g/mL$ ), with total phenolic content of 611.1 mg GAE/g. Total phenolic contents correlated with antioxidant activity ($R^2\;=\;0.7061$ ) and reducing power ($R^2\;=\;0.7399$ ). -
This study was performed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Salmonella spp., coliforms, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio spp. isolated from broiler carcasses, aquacultured flounders, hamburgers, and lettuce, which are foods consumed in large quantities in Korea. Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were isolated only from broiler carcasses and Salmonella spp. had a high multidrug resistance rate of 61.1%. Meanwhile, coliforms and S. aureus were isolated from all four foods tested in this experiment. The multidrug resistance rate of coliforms from broiler carcasses was 50%, and that of Vibrio spp. from flounders was 71.4%. The resistance to tetracycline, streptomycin, ampicillin or carbenicillin was common regardless of the kind of food or isolate.
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Anti-inflammatory assay was conducted on 20 kinds of traditional Indonesian medicinal herbs using soybean lipoxygenase (SLO) and hyaluronidase (HAse). Cinnamomun burmanni Bl showed highest anti-inflammatory activity. Ethyl acetate fraction from methanol extract of C. burmanni Bl bark showing high SLO inhibitory activity was isolated using silica gel-60 column chromatography. Two compounds were isolated and purified through preparative HPLC. Through analyses of UV,
$^1H-NMR$ ,$^{13}C-NMR$ , EI-MS and$FAB^+-MS$ , compounds 1 and 2 were identified as coumarin and 2-hydroxy cinnamaldehyde, respectively, among which 2-hydroxy cinnamaldehyde showed SLO inhibitory activity of$IC_{50}\;=\;60\;{\mu}M$ . Both compounds did not exhibit HAse inhibitory activity. -
The effect of a potato ethanol extract was investigated on Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis. The oral administration of the potato extract, at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg once a day for 21 days, significantly reduced hindpaw swelling and the production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-
${\alpha}$ , IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6). Treatment with the potato extract also decreased the plasma levels of creatinine, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol, and the activities of AST and ALT compared with those of a control group. These results suggest that the potato extract might be beneficial in the treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders. -
Rheological properties of acorn flour-guar gum mixtures (4% w/w) at different guar gum concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8% w/w) were evaluated in steady and dynamic shear. The acorn flour-guar gum mixtures at
$25^{\circ}C$ showed high shear-thinning flow behavior (n= 0.20-0.27). Consistency index (K), apparent viscosity (${\eta}_{a,100}$ ), and Casson yield stress (${\sigma}_{oc}$ ) increased with the increase in guar gum concentration. Within the temperature range of$25-70^{\circ}C$ , the{\eta}_{a,100}$ of mixtures obeyed the Arrhenius relationship with high determination coefficient ($R^2=\;0.974-0.994$ ). Activation energy values (5.37-6.77 kJ/mole) of acorn flour dispersions in the mixtures with guar gum (0.2-0.8%) were much lower than that (12.5 kJ/mole) of acorn flour dispersion (0% guar gum). Storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G"), and complex viscosity (${\eta}^*$ ) increased with the increase in guar gum concentration. Dynamic rheological data of 1n (G', G") versus ln frequency (w) of guar gum-acorn flour mixtures had positive slopes with G' greater than G" over most of the frequency range, indicating that they exhibited weak gel-like behavior. -
Aroma-active compounds were evaluated from salt-fermented anchovy sauce by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-olfactometry (SPME-GC-O) based on sample dilution analysis (SDA). SPME extract from carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) fiber was the most similar to the original odor of salt-fermented anchovy sauce used for this experiment, followed by divinylbenzene/CAR/PDMS (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber. Because salt-fermented anchovy sauce contains 23% NaCl, NaCl concentration of diluent was considered when salt-fermented anchovy sauce was serially diluted. Linear relationship between GC response and sample concentration was observed when diluted with 23% NaCl solution, whereas not observed when diluted with deodorized distilled water. Eleven and 16 aroma-active compounds were detected by SPME-GC-O based on SDA using CAR/PDMS and DVB/CAR/PDMS fibers, respectively. Butanoic acid and 3-methyl butanoic acid showed the highest
${\log}_2SD$ factors for CAR/PDMS and DVB/CAR/PDMS fibers. Dimethyl trisulfide, methional, trimethyl amine, 1-penten-3-ol, and acetic acid were also detected as potent aroma-active compounds. -
The effect of calcium and boron supplementation on bone strength was determined in growing and ovariectomized (OVX) Sparague-Dawley rats. Rats were divided into 9 groups and fed diet with different intake levels of calcium and boron for 4 weeks. About fifty percentages of rats in each group were OVX and the others were sham-operated. The rats were fed same diets after operation for 8 weeks. The feed intake, body weight gain, and FER were significantly higher in OVX rats than those in sham-operated ones. Serum osteocalcin, bone formation biomarker, was significantly increased with increment in calcium and boron intakes. Serum estradiol was lower in OVX rats than in sham-operated ones. Bone mineral density of femur was significantly lower in OVX rats than in other group. The breaking forces of bones were not significantly different among the groups. The urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline, osteolytic marker was significantly increased with increment in calcium intake and ovariectomy. The urinary calcium excretion was significantly increased with increment in calcium intake, but decreased with increment in boron intake. According to theses results, the boron supplementation resulted in higher serum osteocalcin and lower urinary calcium excretion. Therefore, it could be suggested that the boron supplementation may be complementary and useful to calcium nutrition for bone health.
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The relationship between Sigumjang gas chromatographic patterns precisely analyzed with capillary column and ranked order in sensory analysis was investigated by stepwise multiple regression analysis. Highly predictable multiple regression models were obtained in the analysis. Ninety percent of the Sigumjang aroma was explained by the regression models at step 15 in four transformation except for absolute value transformed with root square and relative value transformed with logarithm. The aroma of Sigumjang was most affected by 2,3-dimethylpyrazine at absolute value and absolute value transformed with logarithm and by 2-furancarboxaldehyde in other transformation. The quality of sigumjang was highly affected by
${\beta}$ -phallendrenal, methylpyrazine, tetramethylpyrazine, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, unknown 2, octanoic acid, 4-ethylphenol, methyl 10,13-octadecanoate and ethyl linoleate. -
The compounds, 1-Linoleic-2-olein (1), stigmasterol (2), 1,4-glucopyranosyl-1',4'-glucopyranosyl-1",4"-glucopyranoside (3), 2',3'-diphosphoryl-1'-propanoxy-
${\beta}$ -D-glucopyranoside (4), 1-Linoleic-3-olein (5), l-(N,N,N-trimethyl ethyl amino phosphoryl)-2,3-dilinolein ion (6) and glyceryl phosphate (7) were isolated and identified from the Mushroom of Pholiota adiposa for the first time by column chromatography, TLC, UV, IR,$^1H$ and$^{13}C$ NMR, EI-MS, and FAB-MS. The compounds 1 and 2 were found to have weak cytotoxicity against P388 murine leukemia cells. However, the compounds 6 and 7 did not show any cytotoxicity. -
A fraction (CMEx-AH-
${\beta}$ ) of water-soluble polysaccharides, showing selective antitumor activities, was isolated from the mycelia of solid cultured Agaricus blazei Murill by hot-water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and series of chromatography. Chemical characteristics of CMEx-AH-${\beta}$ , were as follows: carbohydrate content, 48%; monosaccharide composition, Man:Glu:Gal (2:93:5); molecular weight,$2{\times}10^5$ ; uronic acid content, 6.2%. Fundamental structure of CMEx-AH-${\beta}$ , was deduced as${\beta}-(1\;{\rightarrow}\;6)$ -D-glucan with${\beta}-(1\;{\rightarrow}\;3)$ -D-glucosidic side chains based on results of methylation and$^{13}C$ NMR spectroscopic analyses. -
In order to isolate hyaluronidase (HAase) inhibitor from Astragali radix (AR), dried roots were extracted with ethanol, prior to sequential fractionations with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions. The n-butanol soluble fraction was found to exhibit the most pronounced inhibitory effect (68%) on HAase, and the active components were separated using various chromatographic methods, including column chromatography and preparative HPLC. The active component was isolated from the n-butanol soluble fraction of AR and was structurally identified as calycosin-7-O-
${\beta}$ -D-glucopyranoside by LC-MS, IR,$^1H$ NMR, and$^{13}C$ NMR analysis. The$IC_{50}$ of calycosin-7-O-${\beta}$ -D-glucopyranoside's HAase activity was found to be 3.7 mg/mL. -
Novel antimicrobial substance was isolated from seed coat of Canavalia gladiata by extraction with 75% methanol. Isolation and purification were conducted with solvent fractionation and chromatography on silica gel and sephadex LH-20 columns. Each fraction of antimicrobial activity was tested by paper disc method. Single compound was obtained from the 4th fraction of sephadex LH-20 column chromatography using chloroform/methanol (1:4, v/v), and identified as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester (methyl gallate) based on HPLC, GC/MS, FT-IR,
$^1H$ NMR, and$^{13}C$ NMR analyses. This is the first report describing the presence of methyl gallate in C. gladiata. -
The objective of this study was to investigate the color development and shelf-life effect of low-fat sausages (LFS) during refrigerated storage according to the additions of sodium lactate (SL), chitosan, and lac pigment. The LFS samples had
$73{\sim}76%$ moisture,$3{\sim}4%$ fat, and$13{\sim}16%$ protein with a pH range of 6.4-6.6. The addition of chitosan ($MW\;=\;30{\sim}40\;kDa$ ) to LFS increased most textural properties. Hunter a (redness) values were increased by the addition of 0.05% lac pigment. The microbial growth of Listeria monocytogenes increased with increasing storage time. The addition of 2% SL and 0.3% chitosan with MW higher than$30{\sim}40\;kDa$ effectively inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes. The microbial growth of L. monocytogenes was further reduced with increasing chitosan MW. These results indicated that the combination of SL with chitosans (MW > 30 kDa, 0.3%) and lac pigment (0.05%) improved shelf-life and color development in LFS during refrigerated storage. -
Applicability of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was examined for quality control of red pepper powder in milling factories. Prediction of chemical composition was performed using modified partial least square (MPLS) techniques. Analysis of total 51 and 21 red pepper powder samples by conventional methods for calibration and validation, respectively, revealed standard error of prediction (SEP) and correlation coefficient (
$R^2$ ) of moisture content, ASTA color value, capsaicinoid content, and total sugar content were 0.55 and 0.90, 8.58 and 0.96, 31.60 and 0.65, and 1.82 and 0.86, respectively; SEP and$R^2$ were low and high, respectively, except for capsaicinoid content. The results indicate, with slight improvement, on-line quality measurement of red pepper powder with NIRS could be applied in red pepper milling factories. -
Active antibacterial compound against periodontitis-causing bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis was isolated from Kaempferia pandurata and identified as panduratin A. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of panduratin A was
$4\;{\mu}g/mL$ , much lower than those of other natural antibacterial agents. Panduratin A also showed antibacterial activity against Prevotella intermedia ($2\;{\mu}g/mL$ ), P. loescheii ($4\;{\mu}g/mL$ ), and cariogenic Streptococcus mutans ($4\;{\mu}g/mL$ ). Damage on cell wall and perturbation of cytoplasmic membrane of panduratin A-treated P. gingivalis were visualized through transmission electron microscopy. These results suggest panduratin A, exhibiting strong and preferential antiperiodontal and anticariogenic activities, may be utilized in functional foods for prevention of oral diseases. -
Effects of water extract obtained from Chrysanthemum boreale M. (CE) on serum enzyme activities and Kupffer cells of carbon tetrachloride (
$CCl_4$ )-induced rats were investigated. Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal (N),$CCl_4$ -induced (T), CE-supplemented (C), and$CCl_4$ -induced and CE-supplemented (TC) groups.$CCl_4$ injection significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activities in serum. Significant increases in total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were also observed in$CCl_4$ -induced rats. Oral administration of CE at 300 mg/kg body weight significantly decreased serum enzyme levels and suppressed$CCl_4$ hepatotoxicity-induced lipid profile changes. Histological findings showed fatty change, fibrosis and increased number of Kupffer cells in T group. Electron microscopic examination showed increased lysosome content and dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum within Kupffer cells in T group, whereas CE supplement attenuated liver injury in$CCl_4$ -induced liver. These results indicated CE could significantly alleviate CC4-induced hepatotoxicity injury. -
Effects of allyl sulfides on kinetic behavior of cytochrome P450 1 (CYP1)-catalyzed ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity were studied using microsomes from benzo[a]pyrene-treated human hepatoma cells. Apparent
$K_m$ and$V_{max}$ values were calculated as$2.8\;{\mu}M$ and$3.0\;{\mu}mol$ resorufin/min/mg protein based on Lineweaver-Burk plot of microsomal EROD activity, respectively. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) affected$K_m$ and$V_{max}$ values of EROD activity and acted as mixed-type inhibitors for CYP1 isozymes. Apparent Ki values of DADS and DATS were calculated as 1.07 and 0.88 mM, respectively, by re-plotting slopes of Lineweaver-Burk plot and inhibitor concentrations. -
State diagram of highly concentrated branched oligosaccharides (HBOS) was constructed to better understand phase behavior of mixtures with different size of oligosaccharides. It showed dramatic plasticizing effect on glass transition, which was successfully described based on Couchman-Karasz equation model.
$T_g$ ' estimated from state diagram corresponded well with previous empirical data measured by maximum ice formation through isothermal holding (annealing) process. Estimated$T_g$ ' and$C_g$ ' values were$-36.3^{\circ}C$ and 79.99%, respectively.$T_g$ ' value of HBOS was approximately$10^{\circ}C$ higher than that of sucrose, while$C_g$ ' value was similar to those of general carbohydrate materials, which could be useful for applications in frozen system.