• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.4 s.84
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• pp.535-539
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• 2007

The fructus of Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge has been used as medicinal and food source in worldwide. In this study, a strong direct thrombin inhibition and antithrombosis activity were identified from the methanol extract of C. pinnatifida Bunge fructus. The solvent fractionation of fructus extract using hexane, ethylacetate, butanol revealed that the butanol fraction has a prominent antithrombin activity. Thrombin time(blood-clot formation time) and activated partial thromboplastin time(aPTT) extended to 835% and 315% by addition of the butanol fraction at concentration of 1.25 mg/mL, whereas thrombin time extended to 287% by addition of aspirin at concentration of 1,25 mg/mL. The butanol fraction showed anthrone-positive and weak ninhydrine-postive reaction. The thrombin inhibitory activity was not related to previously reported flavonoids or polyphenols. The activity was maintained against acid treatment(0.5 N HCl for 120 min), but rapidly lost by heat-treatment($100^{\circ}C$ for 30 min). Our results suggested that fructus of C. pinnatifida Bunge with non-heat treatment process could be developed as a natural source of antithrombosis.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.150-153
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• 2003

Methanol extract obtained from Lindera erythocarpa leaves was successively fractionated with n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol, and $H_2O$. From ethylacetate fraction, an active fraction was isolated through repeated silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization, and was identified as a stereoisomer complex of methyllucidone by MS and MMR analyses. The complex showed 85% antifungal activity at 50 {\mu}g/ml$ against the disease wheat leaf rust.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.200-207
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• 2016

In the present study, antioxidant activity of crude extract and its solvent-partitioned subfractions (n-hexane, 85% aqueous methanol, n-butanol, and water) obtained from Atriplex gmelinii was investigated using several different antioxidant assays. The tested samples possessed different antioxidant and radical-scavenging activities in different assays. n-butanol fraction showed the most potent radical-scavenging activity on reducing power while 85% aqueous methanol fraction exhibited the highest radical-scavenging activity on DPPH radicals and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). On the otherhand, n-BuOH and 85% aqueous methanol revealed the similar inhibitory effect on peroxynitrite-scavenging and genomic DNA oxidation. These results suggest that the Atriplex gmelinii can be used as the valuable source for developing a natural antioxidant.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.380-385
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• 2009

The absorption rate of carbon dioxide with 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol(AMP) was measured in such non-aqueous solvents as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and propylene carbonate, and in water at 298 K and 101.3 kPa using a semi-batch stirred tank with a plane gas-liquid interface. The overall reaction rate constant, obtained under the condition of fast reaction regime, from the measured rate of absorption was used to get the elementary reaction rate constants in complicated reactions represented by reaction mechanism of carbamate formation and the order of overall reaction of $CO_2$ with amine. The correlation between the elementary reaction rate constant and the solubility parameter of the solvent was also presented.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.268-270
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• 2003

Methanol extract obtained from aerial parts of Platycarya strobilacea was successively fractionated with n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol, and water. From ethylacetate fraction, an active compound was isolated through repeated silica gel column chromatography and was identified as 5-hydroxy-2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone by MS and NMR analyses. The compound showed in vivo 76% antifungal activity at $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ against tomato late blight disease.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2007

Methanol extract obtained from aerial parts of Vitis vinifero L. was successively fractionated with n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol, and water. From ethylacetate fraction, an active compound was isolated through silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization, and was identified as Lup-20(29)-ene-3,28-diol on the basis of EI-MS data. The compound, at 100 mg $mL^{-1}$, inhibited the mycelial growth of Phytophthora capsici and Colletotrichum acutatum by 52.1 % and 40.8%, respectively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.606-615
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate anti-thrombogenic, anti-inflammatory effects of n-BuOH (B) and $CH_2Cl_2$ (MC) fractions extracted from Sancho (Zanthoxylum. schinifolium) leaves in rats fed high fat diets. The experimental animal groups were consisted of eight including one 5% fat (N) and one 20% fat (H) without the test materials in diets and six H groups of feeding three levels (50, 100 and 150 mg/day) of the B and the MC fractions from Z. schinifolium, respectively. Plasma activated partial thromboplastin times and thrombin times of H group were decreased compared to the N group, but they were increased by feeding the MC fraction of 50 mg and over. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte 5#-lipo-xygenase activities and leukotriene $B_4$ contents of the H group were significantly increased compared to the N group, but they were decreased in the 100 mg and 150 mg of B fraction or the 150 mg of MC fraction fed groups. Liver cytochrome $P_{450}$, $O_2^-$, $H_2O_2$ and GSSG contents were increased by the high fat diet but decreased by feeding the B fraction or the MC fraction, while GSH content and glutathione S-transferase activity lowered by high fat diet were increased by feeding the two solvent fractions. The effects of the solvent fractions were evident at the level of 100 mg/day and over. The present results confirmed that two solvent fractions from the leaves of Z, schinifolium have enhancing effects on anti-thrombosis and anti-inflammation partly by antioxidant action and partly by direct modulation of the respective processeds. In conclusion, the n-BuOH and $CH_2Cl_2$ fractions from leaves of Z, schinifolium can be utilized as the proper ingredients of functional foods for preventing chronic degenerative disease.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.2241-2247
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• 2007

A new series of chiral bent-shaped liquid crystals with an asymmetric central core based on 1,6- dihydroxynaphthalene and chiral terminal chain prepared from (S)-(?)-2-methyl-1-butanol, 1,6-naphthalene bis[4-(4-alkoxyphenyliminomethyl)]benzoates [N(1,6)-n-O-PIMB(n-2)*-(n-4)O (n = 8-11)] were synthesized. Their mesomorphic properties and phase structures were investigated by means of electro-optical, polarization reversal current, and second harmonic generation measurements in order to confirm the relationship between the molecular structure and phase structure. All odd n (n = 9 and 11) compounds, N(1,6)-9-O-PIMB7*-5O and N(1,6)-11-O-PIMB9*-7O exhibit antiferroelectric phase, whereas even n (n = 8 and 10) compounds was flexible, N(1,6)-10-O-PIMB8*-6O exhibits the ferroelectric phase but N(1,6)-8-O-PIMB6*-4O exhibits the antiferroelectric phase. These results come from the decrease of the closed packing efficiency within a layer and the lack of uniform interlayer interaction between adjacent layers, which were caused by the asymmetrical naphthalene central core. Thus, we concluded that the structure of central core as well as the terminal chain plays an important role for the emergence of particular polar ordering in phase structures.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.117-122
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant effect of 80% ethanol extracts from Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa (A. acutiloba Kitagawa) in vitro. The extract was further fractionated subsequently by n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, n-butanol and water. Antioxidative activities of different fractions were examined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical generation, Rancimat test, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, nitrite scavenging activity, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and peroxide value (POV) in linoleic acid in comparison with the commercial antioxidant butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT). Antioxidant activities of n-hexane fraction of Angelico acutiloba Kitagawa ethanol extract were the highest among fractions and were a little less than that of BHT. Nitrite scavenging activity showed the most remarkable effect at pH 12. These results suggest that ethanol extracts of A. acutiloba Kitagawa can be used in natural antioxidant source.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.386-394
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• 2005

Effects of root, stem and leaf extract of sancho (Zanthoxylum schinifolium) on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in the hepatic microsome of rat, DPPH radical scavenging activity and activated partial thromboplastin times (APTT) were examined in vitro. The highest inhibition of hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation was observed by ethyl acetate fraction than that of methylene chloride fraction of the root and stem extracts. The high inhibition of lipid peroxidation was determined in the leaf, the root and the stem in order. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of ethyl acetate fraction was higher than that of n-butanol fraction and it was similar to the root and the steam extract. It was similar to the inhibition of hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest in 2.500mg/mL of ethyl acetate fraction and it was 4.4 fold higher than that of $\alpha-tocopherol$, as an antioxidant standard. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was dependent on the extract concentration in the range of 0.125-5.000 mg/mL. The throm-boplastin times were higher than that of n-butanol fraction and it was similar to the root and the steam extracts. The leaf extract showed the highest antithrombogenic effect followed by the stem and then the root extract. The activated partial thromboplastin times were ependent on the extract concentration in the range of 0.100-2.000 mg/mL. Consequently, the effects of antioxidative, DPPH radical scavenging activity and antithrombogenic of Z. schinifolium was observed due to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the DPPH radical scavenging activity by methylene chloride, n-butanol and ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf extract. (Korean J Nutrition 38(5): 386 - 394, 2005)