• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.315-326
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• 2013

In this paper, a new monotonicity, $M({\cdot},{\cdot})$-monotonicity, is introduced in Banach spaces, and the resolvent operator of an $M({\cdot},{\cdot})$-monotone operator is proved to be single valued and Lipschitz continuous. By using the resolvent operator technique associated with $M({\cdot},{\cdot})$-monotone operators, we construct a proximal point algorithm for solving a class of variational inclusions. And we prove the convergence of the sequences generated by the proximal point algorithms in Banach spaces. The results in this paper extend and improve some known results in the literature.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.1351-1370
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• 2018

In the first part of this paper we show that, under some conditions, a polynomially demicompact operator can be demicompact. An example involving the Caputo fractional derivative of order ${\alpha}$ is provided. Furthermore, we give a refinement of the left and the right Weyl essential spectra of a closed linear operator involving the class of demicompact ones. In the second part of this work we provide some sufficient conditions on the inputs of a closable block operator matrix, with domain consisting of vectors which satisfy certain conditions, to ensure the demicompactness of its closure. Moreover, we apply the obtained results to determine the essential spectra of this operator.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.71-111
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• 2021

We consider the boundary value problem for the deflection of a finite beam on an elastic foundation subject to vertical loading. We construct a one-to-one correspondence �� from the set of equivalent well-posed two-point boundary conditions to gl(4, ℂ). Using ��, we derive eigenconditions for the integral operator ��M for each well-posed two-point boundary condition represented by M ∈ gl(4, 8, ℂ). Special features of our eigenconditions include; (1) they isolate the effect of the boundary condition M on Spec ��M, (2) they connect Spec ��M to Spec ����,α,k whose structure has been well understood. Using our eigenconditions, we show that, for each nonzero real λ ∉ Spec ����,α,k, there exists a real well-posed boundary condition M such that λ ∈ Spec ��M. This in particular shows that the integral operators ��M, arising from well-posed boundary conditions, may not be positive nor contractive in general, as opposed to ����,α,k.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.185-190
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• 1989

In [4], J. Leray introduced the notion of partial hyperbolicity to characterize the operators for which the non-characteristic Cauchy problem is solvable in the Geverey class for any data which are holomorphic in a part of variables x"=(x$_{2}$,..,x$_{l}$ ) in the initial hyperplane x$_{1}$=0. A linear partial differential operator is called partially hyperbolic modulo the linear subvarieties S:x"=constant if the equation P$_{m}$(x, .zeta.$_{1}$, .xi.')=0 for .zeta.$_{1}$ has only real roots when .xi.'is real and .xi."=0, where P$_{m}$ is the principal symbol of pp. Limiting to the case of operators with constant coefficients, A. Kaneko proposed a new sharper condition when S is a hyperplane [3]. In this paper, we generalize this condition to the case of general linear subvariety S and show that it is sufficient for the solvability of Cauchy problem for the hyperfunction Cauchy data which contains variables parallel to S as holomorphic parameters.blem for the hyperfunction Cauchy data which contains variables parallel to S as holomorphic parameters.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.831-843
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• 2010

Let $\cal{H}$ and $\cal{K}$ be Hilbert spaces and let T, $\tilde{T}$ = T + ${\delta}T$ be bounded operators from $\cal{H}$ into $\cal{K}$. In this article, two facts related to the perturbation bounds are studied. The first one is to find the upper bound of $\parallel\tilde{T}^+\;-\;T^+\parallel$ which extends the results obtained by the second author and enriches the perturbation theory for the Moore-Penrose inverse. The other one is to develop explicit representations of projectors $\parallel\tilde{T}\tilde{T}^+\;-\;TT^+\parallel$ and $\parallel\tilde{T}^+\tilde{T}\;-\;T^+T\parallel$. In addition, some spectral cases related to these results are analyzed.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2009

Environmental Literacy is needed to establish a sustainable society and can be very well developed through Outdoor Environmental Education(OEE). However, establishing OEE in Korea is a very difficult. Thus, it is very important to find out which factors influence the sustainability of OEE. The purpose of this study is to identify those factors. Participatory observation research and some interviews were used in "The Whale Class" of the University of Georgia in the United States. Major findings and recommendations were as follows: (1) OEEs give participants good experiences about the environment; (2) Program operators of OEEs are enthusiastic about education and environmental conservation; (3) Good educational practices such as cooperative education and participation in conversation foster learning; (4) Good organizations with guest lectures from various environmental fields would be beneficial; (5) Public information about environmental programs would be helpful; (6) Administrative support for those organizations connected to environmental programs would be useful; and (7) OEE provide reflection activities to foster Environmental Literacy.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.773-788
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• 2014

We introduce an iterative process which converges strongly to a common minimum-norm point of solutions of variational inequality problem for a monotone mapping and fixed points of a finite family of relatively nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces. Our theorems improve most of the results that have been proved for this important class of nonlinear operators.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.743-750
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• 2009

A class of Hermitian operators B admitting a positive semidefinite solution of the linear operator equation ${\sum}^n_{j=1}A^{n-j}XA^{j-1}=B$ for a fixed positive definite operator A is given via the Furuta inequality.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.265-285
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• 2018

The main purpose of this paper, by using the resolvent operator technique associated with randomly (A, ${\eta}$, m)-accretive operator is to establish an existence and convergence theorem for a class of system of random nonlinear equations with fuzzy mappings in Banach spaces. Our works are improvements and generalizations of the corresponding well-known results.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.1649-1660
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• 2015

In this paper, we completely characterize the nontrivial reducing subspaces of the Toeplitz operator $T{_{z{^N_1{\bar{z}}^M_2}}$ on the Bergman space $A^2(\mathbb{D}^2)$, where N and M are positive integers.