• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

Along with the government's policy to encourage youth entrepreneurship, each university is making great efforts to promote entrepreneurship, and university entrepreneurship programs can be said to be the most important part of supporting and activating college students' entrepreneurship. In order to increase interest in and participation in entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship programs, it is necessary to take an in-depth look at students' perceptions of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship programs. Therefore, this study used the effectiveness hierarchy model to explore the perceptions of college students at each stage and to identify bottleneck factors that hinder participation in entrepreneurship programs. For this purpose, focus group interviews and in-depth interviews were conducted using samples with different levels of interest and participation in entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship programs, and bottleneck factors at each stage of the effect hierarchy model were presented. The research results complement entrepreneurship research that was focused on quantitative research, and add important practical implications by approaching the study with a particular focus on local university cases.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2021

In the world, each country is preparing various policies to promote start-ups, and the Korean government is actively promoting policies to support start-ups and the national economy through technology-based start-ups for creating jobs. Recently, the number of start-up companies is on the rise. In particular, in accordance with the industrial structure transformation leading the 4th Industrial Revolution, technology-based start-ups are steadily growing based on knowledge-based services such as information and communication, science and technology service industry, and business support service industry. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the startup space provided by the university reflects the startup-friendly characteristics, and to investigate and analyze the satisfaction and requirements of the space required by the actual college campus startup space users to create a more efficient space configuration plan. Through this study, factors that should be considered first for universities in preparing startup spaces were derived for each space element. Therefore, it is necessary for university campuses to deeply recognize the importance of space provision among the future start-up support systems, and to improve them periodically through the consumers' satisfaction of the space in the construction and improvement of startup spaces.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.47-57
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• 2020

This study focuses on the proposition that the qualities and environmental conditions required for exploring entrepreneurial opportunities and realizing entrepreneurial opportunities depend on the types of entrepreneurial opportunities. In particular, this study aims to identify the type of entrepreneurial opportunities for laboratory start-ups, which have recently been gaining policy level attention. If the type of entrepreneurial opportunities for laboratory start-ups is identified as discriminative, appropriate start-up support policies and training programs can be established. For this study, eight major papers were identified among the papers of last 30 years related to the types of entrepreneurial opportunities. After, the classification attributes for each opportunity type were derived. Then, the existing theories of recognition, discovery and creative opportunities were organized, critically reviewed and reorganized. In addition, the substance of laboratory start-ups was verified according to the standardized classification attributes of the revised and reorganized opportunity types and newly classified as 'creative opportunity'. This study also presents networking capabilities and market orientation as examples of the capabilities needed for entrepreneurs of creative opportunity type. The implication of this study is that it makes it easy to discriminate ontological typology of entrepreneurial opportunity, derives important classification attributes, and that it organizes them conceptually. In addition, it critically reconstructs the problems of confusion in the existing typology, and based on this, the type of entrepreneurial opportunities for laboratory start-ups is determined as creative opportunity. These achievements can contribute to the improvement of start-up policies and start-up training programs according to the types of entrepreneurial opportunity and laboratory start-ups in the future, resulting in realization of actual results at the start-up sites.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to look at the difference between the importance and the satisfaction with respect to government startup aid programs perceived by entrepreneurs to improve the effectiveness of government startup aid policy and verify the causal relationship between startup aid project and business performance. In this respect, this study aims to look at the impact of entrepreneurs' perceived satisfaction over government startup aid programs on startup business performance. Major study findings from this study are as follows. First, as a result of testing statistical significance of the difference between importance and satisfaction in startup education, facility/space, consulting, or fund support field, respectively in start-up assistance project, it appeared that there was a significant difference in all fields. In addition, fund support was the field that showed the biggest difference between importance and satisfaction. Second, the results of IPA (importance-performance analysis), which displays relative importance and performance of start-up assistance project on four quadrants so that entrepreneurs can evaluate which start-up assistance projects they think important and which projects they are satisfied with by themselves are as follows. Let us summarize the distribution of start-up assistance project on four quadrants in the first place. Facility/space support project is distributed in the 1st quadrant that requires ongoing maintenance; start-up funding program in the 2nd quadrant that requires concentrated improvement; consulting support project in the 3rd quadrant that requires limited use at low priority; and start-up education support project in the boundary between the 3rd quadrant that requires limited use and the 4th quadrant that requires rejection against unnecessary items. Third, the results from multiple regression analysis to identify the impact of satisfaction with government startup aid programs over business performance are as follows. As a result of analyzing the influence relationship between government startup aid program and financial performance, it appeared that satisfaction with facility/space had a positive (+) impact on financial performance. This suggests that the higher the satisfaction with facility/space, the higher the financial performance. As a result of analyzing the influence relationship between start-up assistance project and non-financial performance, it appeared that satisfaction with startup education had a positive (+) impact on non-financial performance. This suggests that the higher the satisfaction with startup education, the higher the non-financial performance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.141-157
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of personal characteristics and military service experience on their entrepreneurial intention. Hypotheses were developed based on extant literature and tested using the data collected by surveys to retiring officers and NCOs. The conclusions drawn from the analysis were as follows. First, the major factors affecting the voluntary self-employment intention are role model, perceived desirability, and working environment. Second, the biggest difficulty in preparing to start a self-employed business is the lack of founding capital and entrepreneurial information. Third, the respondents believe that military career is not helpful in starting a business. Fourth, there were many negative perceptions that the education and training from the military does not help the self-employment. As a result, it is believed that improvement of entrepreneurial education in the military and expansion of entrepreneurial education during service are required. Especially, the education focusing on self-employed entrepreneurship should be improved. It is recommendable that the entrepreneurial education now being carried out by the Military Outplacement Training Institute should be extended not only during the outplacement period but also the normal service period, thereby increasing the intention of the military official.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.125-140
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• 2023

Careful preparation for a start-up can lower the risk of failure and create a successful business model. However, there are still challenges for middle-aged entrepreneurs, as start-up services and policies are often not readily accessible or fully utilized. Despite active research on middle-aged start-ups, previous studies have not delved deeply into the demographics of start-up preparation and various preparation behaviors. In response to this, a study was conducted to identify which start-up support services middle-aged entrepreneurs use, and how start-up preparation can be classified based on this. Data from 324 middle-aged tech start-up owners, based in Seoul and who started their businesses within the past 7 years, was collected and analyzed. The results showed that middle-aged entrepreneurs had moderate start-up preparation, with the greatest focus on the preparation period and the least focus on start-up education. Latent Profile Analysis revealed three groups of start-up preparation types among middle-aged entrepreneurs: "Overall Tribal Type," "Lack of Start-up Education Type," and "Comprehensive Preparation Type." BCH was performed on start-up satisfaction, start-up competence, fear of failure, access to start-up services, and support needs for middle-aged entrepreneurs based on the preparation type. The results showed that "Overall Tribal Type" had statistically lower start-up satisfaction, competence, and service accessibility compared to the other groups. Meanwhile, "Comprehensive Preparation Type" had a statistically lower fear of failure than the other types. "Overall Tribal Type" also had lower accessibility to middle-aged start-up services. All types had a high recognition of the need for support for specialized middle-aged start-ups. The findings highlight the need for more comprehensive support for middle-aged entrepreneurs. This could include expanding support projects to enhance their level of preparation, providing customized support based on their level of preparation, and improving the visibility and accessibility of start-up support services for middle-aged individuals. Additionally, specialized education that addresses the characteristics of middle-aged individuals should be provided.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.135-152
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• 2019

Recently there are many development and support policies for start-up companies because of successful venture companies related to ICT services. However, as these policies have focused on the support for the initial stage of start-up, many start-up companies have difficulties to continuously grow up. The main reason for these difficulties is that they recognize start-up tasks as independent activities. However, many experts or related articles say that start-up tasks are composed of related processes from the initial stage to the stable stage of start-up firms. In this study, we models the start-up processes based on the survey collected by the start-up companies, and analyze the start-up process of ICT service companies with process mining techniques. Through process mining analysis, we can draw a sequential flow of tasks for start-ups and the characteristics of them. The analysis of start-up businessman, idea derivation, creating business model, business diversification processes are resulted as important processes, but marketing activity and managing investment funds are not. This result means that marketing activity and managing investment funds are activities that need ongoing attention. Moreover, we can find temporal and complementary tasks which could not be captured by independent individual-level activity analysis. Our process analysis results are expected to be used in simulation-based web-intelligent system to support start-up business, and more cumulated start-up business cases will be helpful to give more detailed individual-level personalization service. And our proposed process model and analyzing results can be used to solve many difficulties for start-up companies.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.151-165
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• 2020

Recently, the government has been spending a large amount of money to support start-ups with its major policies aimed at economic growth and job creation under the keynote of innovative growth. Nevertheless, the Global Entrepreneurship Development Institute (GEDI) gave a very low assessment of the social and cultural support areas of Korea's start-up ecosystem in the 2018 Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI), indicating that unlike the government's interest, our perception of start-ups has not been positive. This study surveyed 300 prospective entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs. In addition, this study empirically analyzes how social support of those around them is related to their entrepreneurial intentions and behaviors. As a result, it was not possible to confirm whether social support affects entrepreneurial intentions, but social support had positive influences on entrepreneurial behaviors. In addition, social support was found to have positive influences on entrepreneurial behaviors with dual mediation of entrepreneurial self-dfficacy and entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, it was confirmed that social support is a factor that influences entrepreneurial behaviors and that entrepreneurial self-efficacy has important parametric effects. The findings of this study suggest that the government and entrepreneurship support agencies need to reflect programs in start-up support poject to promote social support for start-ups and to enhance entrepreneurial self-efficacy.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.235-252
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• 2015

The Korean government is building a virtuous cycle of startups and venture businesses for a dynamic, innovative economy. This ecosystem is made possible when a social environment that embraces tolerance and turn business failure into re-startups and challenging venture startups by outstanding entrepreneurs are present. Due to the government's efforts to promote start-ups and venture businesses, their number has been increasing annually, but the efforts to create a social environment for re-startups and establish a relevant institution have recently started. This study is aimed at providing policy direction for re-startups by getting policy implications after identifying the current status of domestic failed businessmen' re-startups based on previous researches on failed businessmen. This study also reviewed advanced nations' cases and made international comparison of re-startup policies. Before the startup culture that recognizes failure as the stage for success is formed as in the U.S., it is necessary to create a legal basis for continuously pushing for the rechallenge policy of EU's Small Business Act and establish and operate the private sector-driven revitalization council of SMEs in Japan. It is also necessary to consider the guarantee of failed businessmen' livelihood. If additional research and government policies are added to the conclusions made on the policy implications, this research will provide an in-depth insight for revitalizing domestic re-startup.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.21-32
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• 2021

The government is focusing its attention and support on start-ups. Nevertheless, there is anxiety and fear about starting a business at the base of public awareness. Experienced as a way to overcome fear and difficulty. Few prior studies have been done on experience factors as ones influencing entrepreneurial intention. In this study, I studied whether the experience of successful entrepreneurship through cultural indirect experience affect the resolution of fear about establishing a business. Among the influencing factors on the entrepreneurial intention, business motivation, social support and awareness of entrepreneur were selected as independent variables. In addition, by applying the cultivation theory, the drama role models were set as a controlling variable. For empirical analysis, a survey was conducted targeting 399 ordinary persons. The hypothesis was tested through regression analysis using the SPSS 23 statistical package. The moderating effect was analyzed using Process Macro 3.5. Self-fulfillment, livelihood, economic motivation, social support, and awareness of entrepreneur are sub-factors of business motivation, And all of these had a positive significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. Among the significant variables, self-fulfillment was found to have the greatest effect. On the other hand, as a result of analyzing the moderating effect of the drama role model, it was found play a role in controlling between self-fulfillment and entrepreneurial intention, between livelihood and entrepreneurial intention, and between awareness of entrepreneur and entrepreneurial intention. Based on these research results, academic and practical implications were presented.