Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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A Study on the Types and Characteristics of Tech Start-up Preparation of Middle-Aged Entrepreneurs

중장년 기술창업가의 창업 준비 유형 및 특성에 대한 연구

  • Sungpyo, Hong (Graduate School of Education, Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Minhee, Kim (Vocational Education & Workforce Development, Seoul National University)
  • 홍성표 (가톨릭대학교 교육대학원) ;
  • 김민희 (서울대학교 농산업교육과)
  • Received : 2023.01.10
  • Accepted : 2023.02.21
  • Published : 2023.02.28
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Abstract

Careful preparation for a start-up can lower the risk of failure and create a successful business model. However, there are still challenges for middle-aged entrepreneurs, as start-up services and policies are often not readily accessible or fully utilized. Despite active research on middle-aged start-ups, previous studies have not delved deeply into the demographics of start-up preparation and various preparation behaviors. In response to this, a study was conducted to identify which start-up support services middle-aged entrepreneurs use, and how start-up preparation can be classified based on this. Data from 324 middle-aged tech start-up owners, based in Seoul and who started their businesses within the past 7 years, was collected and analyzed. The results showed that middle-aged entrepreneurs had moderate start-up preparation, with the greatest focus on the preparation period and the least focus on start-up education. Latent Profile Analysis revealed three groups of start-up preparation types among middle-aged entrepreneurs: "Overall Tribal Type," "Lack of Start-up Education Type," and "Comprehensive Preparation Type." BCH was performed on start-up satisfaction, start-up competence, fear of failure, access to start-up services, and support needs for middle-aged entrepreneurs based on the preparation type. The results showed that "Overall Tribal Type" had statistically lower start-up satisfaction, competence, and service accessibility compared to the other groups. Meanwhile, "Comprehensive Preparation Type" had a statistically lower fear of failure than the other types. "Overall Tribal Type" also had lower accessibility to middle-aged start-up services. All types had a high recognition of the need for support for specialized middle-aged start-ups. The findings highlight the need for more comprehensive support for middle-aged entrepreneurs. This could include expanding support projects to enhance their level of preparation, providing customized support based on their level of preparation, and improving the visibility and accessibility of start-up support services for middle-aged individuals. Additionally, specialized education that addresses the characteristics of middle-aged individuals should be provided.

체계적인 창업 준비는 실패 가능성을 낮추고 시장성 있는 비즈니스 모델 수립을 가능하게 한다는 점에서 중장년 창업가에게 필수적이지만, 중장년의 창업준비를 위한 정책과 서비스는 충분히 활용되지 못하고 있다. 최근 중장년의 창업과 관련한 연구가 활발하게 수행되고 있으나 창업준비는 대학생이나 예비창업가를 중심으로 연구되어, 실제 창업을 한 중장년 창업가의 다양한 창업준비 행태를 심층적으로 분석한 연구는 부족하였다. 이에, 이 연구에서는 중장년 창업가의 창업준비 유형을 도출하고, 창업준비 유형에 따른 창업성과의 차이를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 서울시 소재 업력 7년 미만 창업기업의 중장년 기술창업가 324명의 설문 데이터를 분석하였다. 중장년 기술창업가들의 창업준비는 보통 수준으로 창업 준비 기간의 충분성이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 창업교육을 통한 준비 수준이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 잠재프로파일 분석 결과 중장년 기술창업가들의 창업 준비 유형은 '전반적 부족형', '창업교육 소홀형', '포괄적 준비형'의 3개 집단으로 나타났다. 창업만족도, 창업역량, 실패 두려움, 창업서비스 접근성, 중장년 특화 지원 필요성에 대한 집단 별 차이 분석을 실시한 결과, 전반적 부족형에 비해 창업교육 소홀형과 포괄적 준비형의 창업만족도, 창업역량, 창업서비스 접근성이 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 실패두려움의 경우 포괄적 준비형이 전반적 부족형과 창업교육 소홀형보다 통계적으로 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 중장년 창업 서비스 접근성은 전반적 부족형이 타 집단보다 통계적으로 유의하게 낮게 나타났고, 중장년 특화 창업지원의 필요성은 모든 유형에서 높게 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 중장년의 체계적인 창업준비 지원을 위한 정책적 시사점은 첫째, 중장년층의 창업준비 수준을 향상할 수 있는 다양한 지원사업 확대 및 중장년 창업가의 창업준비 수준에 따른 유형별 지원 제공, 둘째, 중장년 창업지원 서비스에 대한 홍보와 접근성 강화, 셋째, 청년 창업가와 다른 중장년의 특성을 반영한 중장년 창업가 특화 교육 제공, 넷째, 창업교육을 포함한 창업준비의 여러 요인을 복합적으로 고려한 중장년 창업지원 제공 등으로 제시하였다.

Keywords

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