Mechanical behavior of woven geotextiles under uniform load at various boundary conditions were studied. The deflection of geotextiles under uniform load at three different boundary conditions were obtained by adopting the plate elasticity theory under small deformation range, i.e. under the mode of crimp interchange deformation of woven geotextiles. The validity of the equations was examined with the measured values of the deflection of geotextiles under uniform load.

The effect of catalyst (KBr KI) on the graft copolymerization of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline onto crosslinked chloromethylpolystyrene (PCMS) was investigated in terms of halogen exchange reaction. Relationship between crosslinking ratio and the degree of polymerization of graft polymer was studied through autocrosslinking reactions of PCMS resin matrix itself. Polyethyleneimine type chelate resin, obtained from graft copolymer by hydrolysis, proved to be effective for the adsorption of heavy metal ions such as Cr+2 , Hg+2, Pb+2 in the aqueous solutions. Finally the influence of pH and concentration of the metal ions on the retention was determined.

Emulsion graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto gelatin in aqeous solution by potassium persulfate (KPS) with sodium lauryl sulfate (NaLS) as an emulsifier was carried out under different conditions such as variations in gelatin concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature. The grafting efficiency was gradually increased with gelatin concentration, however, the graft yield was increased and then decreased around a certain fixed concentration. The grafted poly(methyl methacrylate) (g-PMMA) was produced rapidly in the early stage but the grafting efficiency was decreased in about 4 hours as the copolymerization was nearly completed. The gelatin conversion, the MMA conversion, and the graft yield were increased markedly, but the grafting efficiency slightyl, with the temperature.

The efficiency of the lubricating action of oil, from the point of view of the molecular mechanical nature of friction, is caused, on the one hand, by a reduction in the forces of adhesion interaction and in the mechanical strength of the bridges in the bond. On the other hand, it is associated with a reduction in resistance to elastic or plastic repulsion to disintegration of the thin surface layer and to its maximum localization, i.e. with an increase in the gradient of its mechanical properties. It depends on the nature of lubricant, on the structure of its molecules, on its chemical composition, on temperature, and a series of other mutually related parameters. Moreover, lubricating action is conditioned not only by the properties of a lubricant introduced from an external source, but also by its interaction with the surface of a solid body and by mutual interaction between hard surfaces. In order to investigate the frictional behaviors of boundary lubrication of the synthetic fiber, various chain length of straight chain fatty acids and fatty alcohols were empolyed as lubricants. The frictional coefficient of polyester fibers were measured by Rothschild Friction meter at the velocity range from 0.5 to 100m/min. The effects of chain length of lubricant, speed and temperature are presented. The conclusions obtained from this study are as follows. 1. At any given hydrocarbon chain length, fatty acids are more effective on the frictional coefficient than fatty alcohols. 2. For each homologous series, the frictional coefficient decreases with increasing lubricant chain length up to approximately fourteen carbon atoms, after which the frictional coefficient remains essentially constant. 3. The frictional coefficient always increases with the increase of sliding speeds. 4. The frictional coefficient initially decreases with increasing temperature of friction pin and shows the minimum values at the near melting point of lubricant, and then sharply increases their values as the temperature increases over the melting point.

In order to impart dyeability of PET film toward acid dyes, PET film was aminolyzed with 20%, 25%, 30% and 35% hydrazine hydrate in methanol at 30℃ for various time intervals. The changes of properties such as dyeability toward acid dyes, hydrazide end group content, weight loss, surface morphology, viscoelastic properties caused by aminolysis were investigated The results obtained from this study were as follows; 1. Weight loss, hydrazide end group content, and conversion to amide bond were found to gradually increase in the progress of aminolysis. 2. In aminolyzed PET, the apparent diffusion coefficient of acid dyes increased and apparent activation energies of diffusion decreased in the progress of aminolysis. 3. Chemical stress crack gradually occured on film surface in the progress of aminolysis. 4. Peak temperature of loss tangent tan δ and dynamic loss modulus E" of the film shifted to the lower temperature in the progress of aminolysis, Futhermore tensile modulus E' decreased.

After metalation of 3-phenylsydnone by using n-BuLi or n-BuMgBr, 4-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)-3-phenylsydnone and 4-(1-hydroxy-1-ethyl)-3-phenylsydnone are obtained by addition reaction of acetone and acetaldehyde, respectively. The subsequent dehydration of each cabinol using P2O5 produces the corresponding alkenylsydnones. Polymerization reaction is carried out using this 4-vinyl-3-phenylsydnone; the reaction does not occur in the presence of radical initiator, on the other hand, the dimer is formed under cationic initiator, BF3-etherate and its structure is proposed. But the oligomer is obtained under the anionic polymerization condition.

Nylon 6 film was graft copolymerized with acrylamide(Am) using ceric salt as an initiator. After nylon 6 was immersed in ceric ammonium sulphate(CAS)-sulfuric acid aqueous solution, the graft yield maxima was obtained when monomer was added at 5-10 minute, Grafting rate, Rp, was proportioned to [CAS]0.69 and [Am]0.87. The thickness of film increased with the graft yield, and it was shown by IR analysis that the PAm was mainly grafted onto the surface of film, and the corrected crystallinities of grafted copolymers obtained by DSC were similar to that of original nylon 6.

Some physical and chemical properties of acrylamide grafted nylon 6 film were discussed. Water uptake linearly increased as the graft yield increased, and 52% grafted copolymer showed high water uptake value of 43%. Moisture regain remarkably increased by grafting, and the differential heat of sorption of 42% grafted copolymer calculated from the moisture sorption isotherm was similar to that of wool. Elongation and tensile strength were also generally improved by grafting. In dyeing with acid dye, surface dye uptake showed maximum value at 5% grafted copolymer, and the distance of penetration and diffusion coefficient were also increased as the graft yield did. The resistivity of 50% copolymer (2.4 $\times$109$\Omega$cm) was nearly approached to the value of natural fibers and was far smaller than that of original nylon 6 (6.8 $\times$1010$\Omega$cm).