• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2014

Objectives Many parents are stressed from their children with anorexia, so this study was planned to investigate the growth state of the children with anorexia and the main concerns of their parents. Methods We searched some medical documents regarding 21 children with anorexia and performed questionnaires on their parents. Results 21 children (male 14, female 7) were studied, the average age of children was $53.62{\pm}20.46$ months, the average height was $102.93{\pm}12.36cm$, the average weight was $16.37{\pm}1.31kg$, the average BMI was $15.26{\pm}1.31$. 16(76.10%) parents have experienced stress regarding their children's slow weight increase. There was no relationship between BMI of the children and the degree of stress of their parents. The parents tend to scold or to give nutrition supplement to their children to solve the anorexia. Many of the parents considered their children has anorexia just by looking at the children's attitude towards to the meals or when children had food whatever it given only. Conclusions The children with anorexia were mostly developed poorly. However, the parents who had children were developing nicely were also stressed because of their children's picky eating behavior and the difficults in coaching their children food.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.75-89
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to explore whether the phenomenon of both married and unmarried adults' cohabiting with their parents in Korean society is "unilaterally parasitic" on the child's side, or is "interdependent", characterized by expectation and dependence from the parent's side. As a result of this study possessing the characteristics of theoretic research, the following propensities of parent-dependent adults have been discussed. First of all, it was discovered that the ratio of adult children dependent on and cohabiting with their parents is considerable. Second, parents cohabiting with their adult children have unfavorable sociological features, such as high age, low level of education and income, and lower standards of education and income, compared to parents in normal households. Third, it was found that parent-dependent adults in Korean society maintain a relatively high rate of financial activity and stable employment-based occupation status. Fourth, it was shown that the level of satisfaction on the relationship between parent-dependent adults and their parents was discovered to be high, which is contrastive to the prediction of negative results based on some previous researches. Single adult children's age, their level of education and financial activity status, and their parents' age and level of education were deducted as variables related to the level of satisfaction of the relationship between parents and their children. It seems that the issue of married and unmarried adults' cohabiting with their parents in Korean society should be approached from various perspectives such as political, economic, socio-cultural and developmental aspects. On the basis of this fundamental awareness and several of the materials, it is pertinent that approaches to both married and unmarried adults' cohabiting with parents in Korean society should be distinguished from approaches to those in Japanese or Western society because it reflects the uniqueness of Korean society. In the phenomenon of married and unmarried adults' cohabiting with their parents in Korean society, there are several factors besides the economic factor, especially the socio-cultural factor that have the characteristics of mutual dependence between parents and their children rather than those of unilateral parasitism, in contrast with the phenomenon in Japanese or Western society. This research was aimed to contribute by establishing basic data for policy making by providing necessary information to treat the issues of instability and anxiety related to families and reflection on the matters of generations and parent-child relationships in current Korean society.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.494-510
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• 2001

As a family respond to any stressful situation as a whole system, cancer diagnosis of a child, as a serious life event, could be emotional shock to destroy homeostasis of the family system. A family has a resilient capacity to adjust and adapt to stressful events. Previous studies have been focused on family stress and adaptation, but little attention has been given to family value as one of resilient factors. The data for model testing were collected from July 18, 2000 to August 30, 2000 and the analysis included 309 parents of children who are diagnosed as cancer, 18 or less years of age, and treated either hospitalized or at the outpatient clinics. The data analysis utilized SAS 6.12 and LISREL 8 for descriptive statistics, correlation, cluster analysis, factor analysis, and LISREL. The study findings are as follows. 1) Monthly income (γ=-0.28, t=-5.81) was the most important factor to explain family strain along with family support (γ=-0.11, t=-2.43), severity of children's illness (γ=0.26, t=5.22), and family stressor (γ=0.22, t=4.62). All of these factors together explained 40％ of variance in family strain. 2) Among general family value, the relationship with the parents (γ=0.28, t=4.89) and relationship with the children (γ=0.20, t=3.60) showed positive effects to family value for cancer children, while relationship with the spouse (γ=-0.19, t=-3.22) and the age of the cancer children (γ=-0.11, t=-2.21) showed negative effects. These predictors together explained 22％ of variance in family value for cancer children. 3) Family hardiness was explained mostly by family strain (γ=-0.53, t=-8.65) along with direct negative effects of family persistency and indirect negative effects of severity of children's illness, family stressor, relationship with the spouse, and the children's age. Family value for cancer children was the most important predictor with positive effect (γ=0.44, t=6.76) along with indirect effects of monthly income, relationship with the parents, relationship with the children, support from family and significant others, and confidence with the health professionals. 51％ of variance in family hardiness was explained by all of these predictors. 4) The most important predictor for family adaptation was family stressor (γ=-0.50, t=-6.85) with direct and indirect negative effects along with the severity of children's illness (γ=-0.27, t=-5.21). However, family value for cancer children showed compromised total effect (γ=-0.13, t=-1.99) with negative direct effects (γ=-0.28, t=-3.43) and positive indirect effects (γ=0.14, t=3.01). Similarly, confidence with the health professionals also showed compromised total effect (γ=0.09, t=1.99) with positive direct effects and negative indirect effects. Family hardiness showed the biggest positive direct effects while other factors such as monthly income, family stressor, family persistence, support of family and significant others, relationship with the parents, relationship with the children, and relationship with the spouse, and children's age showed indirect effects only. 39％ of variance in family adaptation was explained by all of these predictors.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2018

Purpose: To identify the relationship between emotional labor, self-efficacy, and partnership with parents in nurses working at children's hospital, and to examine the factors that influence partnership of nurses with parents. Methods: Participants were 208 nurses working at nine children's hospitals in D and G metropolitan cities in J province. Data were collected using structured self-report questionnaires. Results: Partnership with parents showed a significant positive correlation with emotional labor (r=.43, p<.001) and self-efficacy (r=.47, p<.001). Furthermore, emotional labor and self-efficacy had influence on partnership with parents. The total explanatory power of this model was of 31.4%. Conclusion: Considering that children's parents and other family members usually stay with them in hospitals, a concrete system needs to be developed to manage the emotional labor of nurses. Ultimately, direct and indirect intervention programs, with emotional labor and self-efficacy at the core, should be developed and implemented to enhance the partnership of nurses and parents.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2021

Objectives: This study examined the relations among 5 personality factors, self-regulatory efficacy and subjective well-being in parents with developmental disabilities. This study also examined the mediating effect of self-regulatory efficacy on the relationship between 5 personality factors and subjective well-being in parents with developmental disabilities. Methods: The research subjects consisted of 114 parents with developmental disabilities. They completed questionnaires 5 personality factors, self-regulatory efficacy and subjective well-being by parents. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 program. Results: The results of this study showed that 5 personality factors-neuroticism and extroversion-had a direct effect on subjective well-being in parents with developmental disabilities. Second, 5 personality factors-extroversion- had an indirect effect on the subjective well-being through self-regulatory efficacy in parents with developmental disabilities. Conclusions: These findings have implications for future research and practice by highlighting the importance of self-regulatory efficacy in subjective well-being in parents with developmental disabilities.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2011

Purpose: This study is descriptive survey research that examined nurses' communication skills perceived by inpatient children's parents for short period due to acute diseases in children's hospital and aimed to make a qualitative improvement of nursing with the basic materials for improving nursing service for inpatient children. Methods: The subjects were 177 parents of children who were hospitalized in a children's hospital in Gwangju from May 1 to June 16, 2009. A structured questionnaire which consisted of a communication and interpersonal skills developed by Yodkowsky et al. (2006). Data collected from them were processed and analyzed with the SPSS/WIN program. Results: Nurses' communication skills as perceived by the parents of inpatients scored an average 4.11, communication scored 4.02, and interpersonal relationship scored 4.18. The scores of interpersonal relationship were mostly higher. Nurses' communication skills as perceived by the parents of inpatients according to general characteristics showed statistically significant differences depending on the number of children and the birth order. Conclusion: it was considered that nurses' emotional characteristics were important for inpatient children. it is thought that the positive communication skills considering the emotional aspects in planning and performing nursing for inpatient children should be achieved.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.759-771
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of undesirable parenting behavior, children's peer relationship and self-regulated learning on children's self-esteem. Using the data from Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey, this study was conducted with Structural Equation Modeling(SEM). The results of this study were as follows. First, parents' undesirable parenting behavior influenced directly on children's self-esteem, and peer relationship. Second, children's peer relationship influenced directly on self-regulated learning, and self-esteem. Third, children's self-regulated learning influenced directly on self-esteem. Fourth, parents' undesirable parenting behavior did not influenced directly on children's self-regulated learning. But children's peer relationship and self-regulated learning had mediating effects on the relationship between undesirable parenting behavior and children's self-esteem.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2005

This study investigates the differences in parent-related stress, social support, and school adjustment according to self-esteem of children with disabled and non-disabled parents. The data were collected from 176 students between 4th and 6th grade in Chungbuk area. For a data analysis, mean, frequency, percent, three-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation were used. The results show that children's perceived parent-related stress, social support, and school adjustment are varied according to their self-esteem. Those with higher self-esteem were found to have tusker perception level in social support and school adjustment. On the contrary, they were found to have lower level in parent-related stress. The findings indicate further that girls have a closer relationship with their teachers than boys and that children with disabled parents have a closer relationship with their teachers than those with non-disabled parents. However, as opposed to prediction, parental disability itself caused no difference in the level of parent-related stress.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.148-168
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• 2004

To investigate the effect of parents' social class on birthweight in Korea during the period of transition to a market economy, 1995-2001. Methods: All births resulting from pregnacies reported in 1995-22001(n=4,298,374) were studied with respect to social variation in birthweight. The results were adjusted for maternal age, parity, parents' education, gestational age, total births, the dead births among total births, the number of births in one delivery. Results: Between 1995 and 2001, mean birth weight was 3271g and low birth rate was 3.41%. Maternal education, faternal education, parents' occupation, the number of birth in one delivery, total births, gestational age, and the number of deaths among. total births were all independently related to the birthweight. Parents with lower education showed higher low-birthweight rates compared with parents with university level of education(OR: 2.16 for mother and 1.68 for father). Especially, mother's education showed stronger relationship with birthweight than fathers' education. The differences in birth weight by parents' social class, especially parents' educational level became stronger between 1995 and 2001. Discussion: This study suggests that the social differences of birth weight were increasing in order 1995 to 2001. Especially, this increasing tendency in variation in birth weight by social class was shown after economic crisis, 1998.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.663-672
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• 2004

Purpose: This study describes the ecological variables effect on child abuse potential and the results from a prevention program for parents with disabled children aiming at decreasing child abuse potential. Method: Data was collected from 30 parents with disabled preschoolers attending an early education center in a community. The program consisted of handouts, small group lectures, support group meetings on understanding the disabled child-parents relationship, communication skill improvement, non-punitive discipline techniques, and influences of child abuse. A non equivalent pre-post test design was employed. Result: Ecological variables, and parenting self-efficacy, had a significant effect on child abuse potential in parents with a disabled child. By regression parenting self-efficacy showed(27.1 %) child abuse potential. Both parenting self-efficacy and beliefs in corporal punishment directly related to (52.0%) child abuse potential in parents. The program was effective inbringing some positive changes on pareting self-efficacy beliefs in corporal punishment, and child abuse potential toward disabled children. However, marital discord was not significantly effected. Conclusion: Child abuse prevention programs should decrease thechild abuse potential in parents. Thus I recommend a child abuse prevention program development; for parents with disabled adolescents, and teachers in disabled child education.