• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.63-69
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• 2012

This paper describes novel scheme of a gray scale capacitive fingerprint image for high-accuracy capacitive sensor chip. The typical gray scale image scheme used a DAC of big size layout or charge-pump circuit of non-volatile memory with high power consumption and complexity by a global clock signal. A modified capacitive detection circuit of charge sharing scheme is proposed, which uses DLC(down literal circuit) based on a neuron MOS(vMOS) and analog simple multiplexor. The detection circuit is designed and simulated in 3.3V, $0.35{\mu}m$ standard CMOS process. Because the proposed circuit does not need a comparator and peripheral circuits, a pixel layout size can be reduced and the image resolution can be improved.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.627-634
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• 2006

We have proposed the methods how to control the slope of CMOS inverter's characteristic and how to shift it in y axis. We control the MOS transistor threshold voltage for these methods. By observing that two transistors are in saturation region at the center of the CMOS inverter's characteristic, we have presented how to make the characteristic for one pole neuron. The circuit level simulation is used for verifying the proposed method. PSpice(OrCAD Co.) is used for circuit level simulation.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.194-199
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• 2012

This paper proposes a novel scheme of a gray scale fingerprint image for a high-accuracy capacitive sensor chip. The conventional grayscale image scheme uses a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) of a large-scale layout or charge-pump circuit with high power consumption and complexity by a global clock signal. A modified capacitive detection circuit for the charge sharing scheme is proposed, which uses a down literal circuit (DLC) with a floating-gate metal-oxide semiconductor transistor (FGMOS) based on a neuron model. The detection circuit is designed and simulated in a 3.3 V, 0.35 ${\mu}m$ standard CMOS process. Because the proposed circuit does not need a comparator and peripheral circuits, the pixel layout size can be reduced and the image resolution can be improved.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.152-162
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• 2003

In this paper, Binary to Quaternary Converter(BQC), Quaternary to Binary Converter(QBC) and Quaternary inverter circuit, which is the basic logic gate, have been proposed based on voltage mode. The BQC converts the two bit input binary signals to one digit quaternary output signal. The QBC converts the one digit quaternary input signal to two bit binary output signals. And two circuits consist of Down-literal circuit(DLC) and combinational logic block(CLC). In the implementation of quaternary inverter circuit, DLC is used for reference voltage generation and control signal, only switch part is implemented with conventional MOS transistors. The proposed circuits are simulated in 0.35 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ N-well doubly-poly four-metal CMOS technology with a single +3V supply voltage. Simulation results of these circuit show 250MHz sampling rate, 0.6mW power consumption and maintain output voltage level in 0.1V.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.159-168
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• 2006

Rodents and many other mammals have two chemosensory systems that mediate responses to pheromones, the main and accessory olfactory system, MOS and AOS, respectively. The chemosensory neurons associated with the MOS are located in the main olfactory epithelium, while those associated with the AOS are located in the vomeronasal organ(VNO). Pheromonal odorants access the lumen of the VNO via canals in the roof of the mouth, and are largely thought to be nonvolatile. The main pheromone receptor proteins consist of two superfamilies, V1Rs and V2Rs, that are structurally distinct and unrelated to the olfactory receptors expressed in the main olfactory epithelium. These two type of receptors are seven transmembrane domain G-protein coupled proteins(V1R with $G_{{\alpha}i2}$, V2R with $G_{0\;{\alpha}}$). V2Rs are co-expressed with nonclassical MHC Ib genes(M10 and other 8 M1 family proteins). Other important molecular component of VNO neuron is a TrpC2, a cation channel protein of transient receptor potential(TRP) family and thought to have a crucial role in signal transduction. There are four types of pheromones in mammalian chemical communication - primers, signalers, modulators and releasers. Responses to these chemosignals can vary substantially within and between individuals. This variability can stem from the modulating effects of steroid hormones and/or non-steroid factors such as neurotransmitters on olfactory processing. Such modulation frequently augments or facilitates the effects that prevailing social and environmental conditions have on the reproductive axis. The best example is the pregnancy block effect(Bruce effect), caused by testosterone-dependent major urinary proteins(MUPs) in male mouse urine. Intriguingly, mouse GnRH neurons receive pheromone signals from both odor and pheromone relays in the brain and may also receive common odor signals. Though it is quite controversial, recent studies reveal a complex interplay between reproduction and other functions in which GnRH neurons appear to integrate information from multiple sources and modulate a variety of brain functions.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.42 no.3 s.333
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• pp.43-50
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• 2005

In this paper, quaternary logic gates using Down literal circuit(DLC) has been designed, and then synchronous Quaternary un/down counter using those gates has been proposed The proposed counter consists of T-type quaternary flip flop and 1-of-2 threshold-t MUX, and T-type quaternary flip flop consists of D-type quaternary flip flop and quaternary logic gates(modulo-4 addition gates, Quaternary inverter, identity cell, 1-of-4 MUX). The simulation result of this counter show delay time of 10[ns] and power consumption of 8.48[mW]. Also, assigning the designed counter to MVL(Multiple-valued Logic) circuit, it has advantages of the reduced interconnection and chip area as well as easy expansion of digit.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.33-38
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• 2017

Objectives : Termitomyces albuminosus (Berk.) Heim is one of the famous wild edible mushrooms in the southern part of China. It is known that Termitomyces albuminosus, like Aconitum koreanum used in Korean traditional medicine, contains a kind of cerebroside, termitomycesphin, causing a pharmacologic effect on the neuron system. The pharmacologic effect of Termitomyces albuminosus can be used to possibly replace Aconitum koreanum. However, It needs to be certified as safe before it can be used. Here, a single-oral toxicity test and safety classification was conducted to obtain acute information of the toxicity of dried-Termitomyces albuminosus powder and to secure its safety in clinical applications. Methods : In order to calculate approximate lethal dose(ALD), test substance was orally administered to male and female SD-rat at dose levels of 5,000 and 0 (vehicle control) mg/kg (body weight). Based on the result of this toxicity, also the estimation of safety classification was calculated using the HED-based (human equivalent dose) MOS (margin of safety). Results : There were no mortalities, test substances treatment-related clinical signs, no changes in the body or organ weights, and no gross or histopathological findings at 14 days after treatment with test substance. Thus, the approximate lethal dose of dried-Termitomyces albuminosus powder was considered over 5,000 mg/kg in both female and male mice. Conclusions : Based on the limit dose, 5000 mg/kg, it was estimated that dried-Termitomyces albuminosus powder is classified as "Specified class B" indicating that clinical dose is not limited to patients as safe as food.