• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.183-193
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• 2006

The aim of this research is to present the fundamental data of the tangible school operation in order to get Specialized High Schools in Computer fixed firmly and developed. This project was made by analyzing and thorough investigations how teachers and students think of their school lives, curriculum, future guidances, and the pursuing directions of the school. And that is based on understanding Specialized High Schools distinguished from the traditional Business High Schools. In order to develop the Specialized High School Related Computer as the model of the Specialized High School in Korea, it is important that the government trains the teachers who give students satisfactions. Also for the prospective future of the Specialized High School Related Computer, it is necessary that a good curriculum are developed in detail and the superior students are accepted in their entrance. Also, the students brought by the good teachers will contribute to Korean computer industries. So then, the Specialized High School Related Computer will be dispersed as training computer talents.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2014

The purpose of this research are to investigate and analyze requests of middle school students, parents and people in charge of human resources of industrial institutions and to suggest implications which are necessary to establish vocational high schools in Asan area. To achieve them, demands, for the establishment of vocational high schools, requests of desirable department, area, etc. which are recognized by middle school students, parents and people in charge of human resources of industrial institutions in Asan-si were surveyed and analyzed. The subjects of the survey were students and parents who were selected from one third grade class out of each of all the middle schools of Ansan-si. Also, for the people in charge of human resources of industrial institutions, industrial institutions including more than 10 employees were firstly sampled and selected. The number of students analyzed is 484, parents 458, industrial institutions 81, the results are as follows. First, among the third graders, there were 18.5% students who wanted to enter vocational high schools and 72.6% students that replied saying they may enter if vocational schools are established in Asan-si. Among them, 8.8% students replied that they will definitely enter. Second, among the parents, 30.8% wanted their children to enter vocational high schools and 76.9% replied that they may enter if vocational high schools are established in Asan-si. Among them, 8.4% replied that their children will enter certainly. Third, people in charge of human resources of industrial institutions replied that they may recruit 98.8 percent of graduates of vocational high schools in Asan area. Among them, they replied that 17.3% will be recruited certainly. For the replies of recruitment time, there were 49.4% of 'within 1 year', 30.9% of 'within 1~5 years' and for working, there were 60.8% of 'mechanical operators and assembly workers' and 31.6% of 'technicians and functional workers'. Fourth, for the most preferred departments when establishing vocational high schools in Asan-si, middle school students wanted hospitality management, parents were for electricity and electronics, industrial institutions replied with vehicle mechanics. By affiliation, more than the half of respondents wanted industrial affiliation. Fifth, for the most preferred departments when establishing vocational high schools in Asan-si, middle school students and parents preferred Onyang-dong, industrial institutions preferred Dunpo-myeon. Results showed that the most desirable areas were in the vicinity of one's own residential area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.371-384
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• 2010

This research investigates the historical changes of the educational system for the clothing departments at vocational high schools. According to the growth of the fashion industry, employment potential in the clothing departments of the vocational high schools, numerical changes in the educational statistics, and curriculums were investigated by papers, reports, and statistic data. The statistic data were derived from the 'Center Educational Statistics and Information', 'School Information' (Hak-gyo Alimi), 'Korean Statistical Information Services' and internet home pages of vocational high schools. Technical service workers that graduate from clothing departments and vocational high schools have limited competitiveness in a thriving fashion industry field. Highly developed fashion industries require more professional workers in fashion design, fashion marketing, and fashion materials. Compared to 1994, when 35 classes were conducted in 5 vocational high schools, 69 classes are now conducted at 15 schools. They have over 2,000 students and produce over 600 graduates. However, 222 credits of the $1^{st}$ curriculum in 1958 went down to 82 credits in the 2007 revised curriculum to complete the credits of clothing departments. The 15 courses of the 1st curriculum fell to 5 courses in the 2007 revised curriculum on the number of major subjects. It is a fundamental problem that major courses in clothing education have been excessively reduced despite the demand for of highly specialized workers in the fashion industry. In the view of operating conditions of those schools, there were several problems such as the wide gaps in the curriculum, limited equipment, the supply of teachers, and counseling on the choice of college or a career. In conclusion, the following measures are required: 1) the increase of complement credits in major subjects and renovation of curriculum, 2) national substantial support to change the social circumstance concerning vocational education and occupational consciousness, 3) operation of credit approving systems in universities and colleges for students that have completed the same courses at vocational high schools, 4) designing realistic programs for vocational education and cooperation systems with corporate enterprises.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.72-90
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• 2011

The following study was taken in the Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon, Kangwon, and Chungcheong areas to analyze the performance levels of safety management by characteristics of school foodservice. The following results were obtained from a survey conducted on 2,271 middle and high school dietitians in 808 schools. Out of the 808 schools surveyed, 513 schools (63.5%) were self-operated and 295 schools (36.5%) were managed by a contract. Regarding the performance level of the hygiene duties, contract-managed schools were rated as 4.02 points while self-operated schools were rated relatively higher (4.16 points). The self-operated schools had an average score of 3.60 points for the TQM-based HACCP system, and the areas that scored lower than the average were strategies, human resources, data and analysis. The average score of the contract-managed schools was 3.42 points, and such areas as leadership, human resources, data and analysis, and customer satisfactory level scored below the average. For the analysis of CCP performance level, the contract-managed schools scored 4.28 points while self-operated schools scored 4.34 points. Overall, the hygiene duties, CCP performance level, and TQM-based HACCP system performance of the contracted schools were lower than those of the self-operated schools. Therefore, it is advised that the contract-managed schools consider new measures to strengthen their performance level for improved safety of school foodservice.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.59-70
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• 1990

This study was performed during the period between March 22 and July 23, 1989 in other to examine status of aniti - smoking eduation in middle and high school in Seoul. The results were as follows; 1. The respondents of this study were 403 nurse teachers of whom 43.7% had implemented anti - smoking education and 56.3% had not implemented anti - smoking education. Classified by school, those schools implementing anti - smoking education were in order of frequency; boys' high schools (32.4%), coeducational high schools (18.3%) and boys' middle schools (13/6%) and those schools not implementing anti-smoking education were in order of frequency: girls' high schools (23.8%), girls' middle schools (22.5%) and coeducation middle schools(7.6%). 2. The number of times that anti - smoking education was done was once a year (60.8%) or twice a year (38.2%). For teaching materials, 49.4% of the schools reported possessing teaching materials and 50.6% reported not possessing teaching matenials. The content of the anti - smoking education material was classified by grade for 27.8% of the schools and not classified by grade for 72.2%. 3. In schools where anti - smoking education directed at giving up smoking was being used, several problems were presented; lack of reference data and education of data(38.1%) lack of equipment(29.0%), smoking by teachers(13.6%). On the other hand, in schools where anti - smoking education was not being used, the ploblems identified were, in the following order, lack of reference data and education of data(38.1%), lack of equipment(29.0%) lack of time (15.0%) and lack of information (15.4%). There was statistically significant difference the two types of schools. 4. In discussing the proper time for education on giving up smoking, the teachers in school with indicated anti - smoking education the following, in order of frequency, the first year of middle school(30.5%), the second year(27.6%), the last year of middle school (18.4%), primary school (11.9%). For those who did not have anti - smoking education, the result were similar, the first year of middle school (31.9%), the second year (23.5%), primary school (17.6%), and the last year of middle school (15.5%). There results were not statisically significant but they supports the idea of eaely education directed at giving up smoking. 5. The actual frequency of students smoking was as follows. In schools with anti - smoking education 33.5% of the students smoked a lot and seriously 33.0% smoked a little and not seriously. In schools without anti - smoking education, the majority of the teachers (50.4%) indicated that the students were 'few and not serious' followed by 'I don't know well'(19.8%), 'many but not serious'(15.6%), 'many and serious'(15.2%). This implies that the teachers in schools which have anti - smoking education think smoking is more seriously than those who are in schools which do not have anti - smoking education though it is influenced by the members of the school. The opinions on penalities for smoking were as follows; in schools with anti - smoking education, 'punish'(52.8%) and 'give advice'(27.8%). In schools with no anti-smoking education 'punish'(41.9%), 'give advice'(24.5%) and 'I don't know what the rules for punishment should be'(18.5%), and 'do not punish'(16.4). 6. For knowledge about smoking by nurse - teachers, in schools having anti - smoking education the average score was 30.40. There was not statistically significant differences in these scores. But, there is an indication of a need for a deeper and a moer systematic knowledge of smoking as shown by the problem points; lack of reference data and educational data. The reason for this is that education to give up smoking is not considered a part of routine life. But the majority(95.2%) of the respondents indicated that a systematic program in the schools would meet that need.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual conditions of spatial composition of educational facilities by design process model. This article discuses about the characteristics of the floor plan composition and the site plan patterns of 49 middle and high schools in gyeongnam province. The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1) Comparing to traditional middle and high school facilities, it occurs various types of plane and the area is somewhat expanded in the school with same class size, however, it needs to improve facility standards in its reality to deal with the change of future educational environment actively. 2) Spatial composition of educational facilities should functionally designed considering that the characteristics of design process model. In facilities arrangement of middle and high schools, it shows diverse forms of arrangement from existing uniform straight type, however, most of schools do not being against the simple in their external space. Therefore, it requires an expansion of space siæ and facilities for the change of school life outside class.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.285-310
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• 1997

This study was conducted to contribute to development of both educational materials and programs necessary to effectively teach the environmental health to the students of the middle and high schools, by analysing their understanding and attitude toward the environmental health. Also this study was carried out with 3120 male and female students of the middle and high schools in the urban and rural areas for three months from April 1 to June 30, 1993. Based on this study is required for the related authorities, schools, experts and patents to make all their efforts, in other for the students to correctly understand the environment while this study contributes to the development of educational programs useful for effectively studying the environment and of educational materials concerning environment of the middle and high schools.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.7-26
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• 1997

This study was conducted to contribute to development of both educational materials and programs necessary to effectively teach the environmental health to the students of the middle and high schools, by analysing their understanding and attitude toward the environmental health. Also this study was carried out with 3120 male and female students of the middle and high schools in the urban and rural areas for three months from April 1 to June 30, 1996. Based on the result of this study, It is required for the related authorities, schools, experts and patents to make all their efforts, in other for the students to correctly understand the environment while this study contributes to the development of educational programs useful for effectively studying the environment and of educational materials concerning environment of the middle and high schools.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1013-1022
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• 2023

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread soil endophytic fungi, forming mutualistic relationships with the vast majority of land plants. Biochar (BC) has been reported to improve soil fertility and promote plant growth. However, limited studies are available concerning the combined effects of AMF and BC on soil community structure and plant growth. In this work, a pot experiment was designed to investigate the effects of AMF and BC on the rhizosphere microbial community of Allium fistulosum L. Using Illumina high-throughput sequencing, we showed that inoculation of AMF and BC had a significant impact on soil microbial community composition, diversity, and versatility. Increases were observed in both plant growth (the plant height by 8.6%, shoot fresh weight by 12.1%) and root morphological traits (average diameter by 20.5%). The phylogenetic tree also showed differences in the fungal community composition in A. fistulosum. In addition, Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed that 16 biomarkers were detected in the control (CK) and AMF treatment, while only 3 were detected in the AMF + BC treatment. Molecular ecological network analysis showed that the AMF + BC treatment group had a more complex network of fungal communities, as evidenced by higher average connectivity. The functional composition spectrum showed significant differences in the functional distribution of soil microbial communities among different fungal genera. The structural equation model (SEM) confirmed that AMF could improve the microbial multifunctionality by regulating the rhizosphere fungal diversity and soil properties. Our findings provide new information on the effects of AMF and biochar on plants and soil microbial communities.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.495-503
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• 2003

For the purpose of developing 'Web-Based Nutritional Education Program', this study analyzed nutritional problems of junior/senior high school students and set appropriate instructional goals for nutritional education program. Survey questionnaires were distributed from October 21,2002 to October 26, 2002 to a total of 564 students at three junior high schools and five senior high schools located in Seoul. The total number of questionnaires collected and used in our study was 479, which is 84.9％ of the total questionnaires distributed. According to the survey results, three student groups (male and female students at junior high schools and female students at senior high schools) had lower than an ideal body weight. In case of their Basal Metabolic Indices (BMI), the female students and junior high school students showed a tendency to be underweight, while the other three student groups were within the normal range. The result of the survey showed that all four groups of students showed a deficiency in nutrient intake of calories, calcium and thiamin when compared with Korean RDA. Particularly, in the case of the female students at senior high schools, the deficiency of iron intake was a problem. The survey about food attitudes and food habits of the students showed that the senior high school students had more problems when compared with their junior high school counterparts (p < .001). Therefore, the instructional goals of nutritional education program were set as follows: 1) To improve the level of understanding and the perception of junior and senior high school students about the importance of a dietary lifestyle. 2) To change food attitudes and nutritional knowledge related to individual dietary 1ifestyle, so as to maintain good health through the enhancement of the students' physical activities. We found out that it is critically important to factor in the existing problems of food attitudes and food habits, as well as nutrient intake among junior and senor high school students when setting objectives for nutritional education programs. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(4) : 495-503, 2003)