• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.138-164
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• 2022

The Neolithic shell midden in Daejuk-ri, Seosan, is distributed on the gentle slope of a low hill close to the west coast. The bedrock of the area consists mainly of schist with various mafic minerals, but shows a partial gneiss pattern. The site consists of loamy topsoil and clay loam subsoil, and the degree of siallization is relatively low. Although the pottery excavated from the shell midden shares mostly similar features, a variety of shapes and patterns coexist. The surface colors, thickness and physical properties are slightly different. The pottery can be subdivided into three types (IA, IB and II) according to the composition of the body clay, the temper and the existence of a black core. Types IA and IB are colorless mineral pottery with a non-black or black core respectively. TypeII is colored mineral pottery with a non-black core. Type I pottery also contains non-plastic colored minerals, but type II contains a large amount of biotite, chlorite, talc, amphibole, diopside and tremolite, which include a large amount of Mg and Fe. The studied pottery contains a small amount of organic matter. Considering the grain size and relatively poor sorting and roundness of the non-plastic particles, the pottery appears to be made by adding coarse non-plastic tempers for special purposes to the untreated weathered soil around the site. The three types of pottery seem to have been incompletely fired in general. While type IB has the lowest degree of oxidation, typeII shows the highest degree of redness and oxidation. It can be interpreted that these differences depend on the firing temperature and the ratio of non-plastic particles. Through a synthesis of the minerals, geochemical data and thermal history, it can be determined that the firing temperature ranged from 600 to 700℃. The pottery types of the Daejuk-ri Shell Midden have slightly different production conditions, mineral compositions, and physical properties, but have undergone similar production processes with basically the same clay materials. The clay is almost identical to the composition of the bedrock and weathered soil distributed in the Daejuk-ri area. Currently, there is an industrial complex in the area, so it is difficult to confirm the soil and geological distribution of the site. However, it is highly probable that the area around the site was self-sufficient for the clay and tempers required for the production of the Neolithic pottery. Therefore, it can be interpreted that the group that left the shell midden in Daejuk-ri lived near the site, visited the site for the purpose of collecting and processing shellfish, and discarded the broken pottery along with shells.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.146-165
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify differences in the formative characteristics and system of Jobok by comparing the three relics Ui, Sang, and Daedae, which comprised Jeon-Sik's Jobok, with the data in the literature and five excavated Jobok relics, Sin Kyung-yu, Kwon-Woo, Hwasan-Gun, Milchang-Gun, and Lee Ik-jeong, from the 17th and 18th centuries. Jeon-Sik'sJobok was designated as a Gyeongbuk tangible cultural heritage, Sangju JeonSik Jobok and Crafts, in 2021. The three components of Jeon-Sik's Jobok are valuable as historical data since they are the oldest relics confirming colors. Regrettably, the edging fabric of the Ui made of red twill was mostly lost, with only traces remaining. Based on records, it was presumed that the edging fabric was black. It was confirmed that white decorative lines were yet to be used. In Jeon Sik's Sang, only the three front widths and one rear width remain, but the shape of the four rear widths can be inferred, and the creases were held only at the waist. Eighteenth-century Sang was connected at intervals at the end of the waist. Seventeenth-century Sang was connected with a slight overlapping of the rear Sang below the front Sang; therefore, it is assumed that Jeon Sik's Sang was also connected by overlapping the rear by more or less than 5cm below the front. After Hwasan-gun, the Sang was first made using black lines, then white lines were inserted, and, finally, it was pleated from the waist to the hem. The Daedae made the Yo and the Sin by folding the corners to form a 冂 shape with a single long band. The white Ju(紬) and the green yumunsa were used for the Daedae and the edges. This matches the color of the Daedae seen in the Jobok portraits of Milchang-gun, Lee Ik-jeong, and Jeong Hwi-ryang from the 18th century. In the 17th century, the Daedae made the Yo and the Sin by folding a long band like the Daedae of Jeon-Sik. After the 18th century, the Yo and the Sin were made separately and connected. To tie the Daedae to the waist, thin straps were attached at both ends. The relics of Jeon-Sik can be evaluated as reflecting the 17th-century Jobok system in terms of color and shape. Furthermore, it can be said that they are important historical data complementing the insufficient or inaccurate records of the Gukjoolyeui-seolye and Gyeongguk-daejeon.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.75-100
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• 2018

Mobile devices have become an important channel for news content usage in our daily life. However, online news content readers' resistance to online news monetization is more serious than other digital content businesses, such as webtoons, music sources, videos, and games. Since major portal sites distribute online news content free of charge to increase their traffics, customers have been accustomed to free news content; hence this makes online news providers more difficult to switch their policies on business models (i.e., monetization policy). As a result, most online news providers are highly dependent on the advertising business model, which can lead to increasing number of false, exaggerated, or sensational advertisements inside the news website to maximize their advertising revenue. To reduce this advertising dependencies, many online news providers had attempted to switch their 'free' readers to 'paid' users, but most of them failed. However, recently, some online news media have been successfully applying the Pay-What-You-Want (PWYW) payment model, which allows readers to voluntarily pay fees for their favorite news content. These successful cases shed some lights to the managers of online news content provider regarding that the PWYW model can serve as an alternative business model. In this study, therefore, we collected 379 online news articles from Ohmynews.com that has been successfully employing the PWYW model, and analyzed the comparative importance of systematic attributes of online news content on readers' voluntary payment. More specifically, we derived the six systematic attributes (i.e., Type of Article Title, Image Stimulation, Article Readability, Article Type, Dominant Emotion, and Article-Image Similarity) and three or four levels within each attribute based on previous studies. Then, we conducted content analysis to measure five attributes except Article Readability attribute, measured by Flesch readability score. Before conducting main content analysis, the face reliabilities of chosen attributes were measured by three doctoral level researchers with 37 sample articles, and inter-coder reliabilities of the three coders were verified. Then, the main content analysis was conducted for two months from March 2017 with 379 online news articles. All 379 articles were reviewed by the same three coders, and 65 articles that showed inconsistency among coders were excluded before employing conjoint analysis. Finally, we examined the comparative importance of those six systematic attributes (Study 1), and levels within each of the six attributes (Study 2) through conjoint analysis with 314 online news articles. From the results of conjoint analysis, we found that Article Readability, Article-Image Similarity, and Type of Article Title are the most significant factors affecting online news readers' voluntary payment. First, it can be interpreted that if the level of readability of an online news article is in line with the readers' level of readership, the readers will voluntarily pay more. Second, the similarity between the content of the article and the image within it enables the readers to increase the information acceptance and to transmit the message of the article more effectively. Third, readers expect that the article title would reveal the content of the article, and the expectation influences the understanding and satisfaction of the article. Therefore, it is necessary to write an article with an appropriate readability level, and use images and title well matched with the content to make readers voluntarily pay more. We also examined the comparative importance of levels within each attribute in more details. Based on findings of two studies, two major and nine minor propositions are suggested for future empirical research. This study has academic implications in that it is one of the first studies applying both content analysis and conjoint analysis together to examine readers' voluntary payment behavior, rather than their intention to pay. In addition, online news content creators, providers, and managers could find some practical insights from this research in terms of how they should produce news content to make readers voluntarily pay more for their online news content.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.167-178
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• 2000

Today's world has been changing form post-industrial society to information society, and criteria of human value, also, has been changing from physical to intellectual and sensible. Based on this trend, intellectual and sensible value of a product is becoming more important in comsumer's market than physical value. The environment of product design has been rapidly changing. Users and consumers pursuit sensible satisfaction through their lives based on images of products. As the environment in which a product is used has been more important, companies have placed more emphasis on consumers and users, and are trying to satisfy their consumers by developing products with emphasis on their design, as well as to develop human technology. In ever-changing environment, a question is if sensible design can be developed in product design. Companies could upgrade their competitive power and brand image only if they could develope designs which could satisfy consumers through sensible design approach with a base on systematic research on h~man sensibility. In this context, the purpose of this study was to: investigate consumer's evaluations on and preferences for formative images of products according to the types of human sensibility. This research study placed emphasis on quantitative analysis of consumers' emotional needs to find out consumer's evaluations on and preferences for formative images of products. The researcher reviewed related literature on human sensibility and design, as well as G-Kansei and product design. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed through a statistical program, and highly effective design strategy was investigated through analysis of data and interpretation of the results.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.177-186
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• 2001

Modern times is called the age of image. It means that our society's importance is transferring from the commodity-centered industrial society to intangible culture-oriented society Therefore, it is becoming very important that what kind of image, concept and psychological factor act upon the space, things, incident and time (event) which is constituted around our environment. As regards this standpoint, from the early period, that advanced countries have been taking advantage of the national symbol image very positive way and function for domestic things and place and event and so on which make a standout for the nation's positive image and taken an effort for promoting a pride of their fellow countrymen through this. This study approaches the basic images of national symbol which includes the country's name, national anthem, national flag through the design principle which could express some certain above level of pattern and composition. I suggested various applicative motif based on basic expressions of each individual image and the applied sample goods of this idea, and through the introduction of the process of image development, and I tried to offer a moment of more prosperity and development at a later time. This is for encouraging fellow citizens to use national symbol in the free and positive way which make them to increase a national pride, and give a familiar image in the citizens'daily life. I intended to offer basic materials for promoting ourselves whenever we need it. And also by the offering information on our nation for foreigners which make them to have a favorable impression of our nation. I tried to promote a positive national image.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.350-360
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• 2013

The satisfaction of customers, who are in a servicescape, will be subject to many environment stimulations. In particularly, in the hospitality industry such as restaurants service experience for customer is very important. Thus, not only the stylistic elements but also the social and socially symbolic elements. So this paper expands Bitner's servicescape framework by conceptualizing the existence of a expanded servicescape. The expanded servicescape has three important dimensions, which is the physical, the social and the socially symbolic. Structural modeling largely supports the hypothesized framework and the results about the relationship between expanded servicescape factors, relationship quality(satisfaction, trust, commitment) and repurchase are summarized as follows. And this study utilizes a questionnaire survey to gather data regarding consumers' perceptions by using expanded servicescape. First, the analysis proved that except comfort the physical dimensions which including comfort, convenience, aesthetics caused a positive impact on customer satisfaction. Second, social dimensions which including appearance, etiquette and professionalism caused a positive impact on customer trust. Third, except community symbolic dimensions which including nostalgia, connection to culture caused a positive impact on customer commitment. Forth, it proved that expected relationship quality(customer satisfaction, trust, commitment) caused a positive impact on repurchase behavior.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.50-84
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• 2019

As the technology commercialization of American universities has been greatly activated since the implementation of the Bayh Dole Act, that of Korean universities has been steadily increasing since the enactment of the Technology Transfer Promotion Act of 2000, due to numerous related laws, government support programs, and accumulated experience of technology transfer. However, the level of technology commercialization of domestic universities is still insufficient in comparison to that of advanced countries such as the United States. So, in this study, we tried to identify factors promoting technology transfer and start-ups in Korean universities by examining domestic prior researches carried out since 2000 using SLR (Systematic Literature Review) methodology. As a result of our analysis, researches in the field of technology transfer were the most studied while papers on start-up are actively increasing recently. As for factors influencing commercialization of technology, internal and external factors were identified. The former were categorized as human resource, technology and knowledge resource, financial resource, managing resource and strategy, university type, and education and culture, while the latter were grouped into consumer, region, and infrastructure. And then detailed factors were integrated in each field by systematic mapping. Our study has its meaning in that it systematically accumulated the results of researches on technological commercialization of Korean universities and identified areas that are lacking or need additional research. And the integrated promoting factors for technology transfer or start-up can also be used as a checklist for universities or public institutes.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.75-83
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• 2021

With the development of the IT industry and the increase of cultural activities, the demand for works increases, and they can be used easily and conveniently in an online environment. Accordingly, copyright infringement is seriously occurring due to the ease of copying and distribution of works. Some special types of Online Service Providers (OSP) use filtering-based technology to protect copyrights, but they can easily bypass them, and there are limits to blocking all illegal works, making it increasingly difficult to protect copyrights. Recently, most of the distributors of illegal works are a certain minority, and profits are obtained by distributing illegal works through many OSP and majority ID. In this paper, we propose a profiling technique for heavy uploader, which is a major analysis target based on illegal works. Creates a feature containing information on overall illegal works and identifies major heavy uploader. Among these, clustering technology is used to identify heavy uploader that are presumed to be the same person. In addition, heavy uploaders with high priority can be analyzed through illegal work Distributor tracking and behavior analysis. In the future, it is expected that copyright damage will be minimized by identifying and blocking heavy uploader that distribute a large amount of illegal works.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.111-117
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• 2021

With the rapid development of advanced science and technology including the 4th industrial revolution, the future battlefield environment is evolving at a rapid pace. In order to actively respond to issues such as reduction of military resources and shortening of service period, and to emphasize the realization of human-centered values, the Ministry of National Defense is re-establishing the role of the Army in accordance with the defense reform and is promoting the Warrior Platform, a next-generation individual combat system. In this paper, we intend to present the optimal warrior platform architecture suitable for the Korean Army by realizing the concept of future ground operations and analyzing overseas cases. We analyze the essential abilities required of individual combatants and the abilities required for each unit type, and specifically presents a plan for integration and linkage of warrior platform equipment. We also propose an efficient business promotion direction by presenting the data flow and power connection diagram between the devices that need integration and interworking.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.147-161
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• 2022

This study examined changes in the ecological characteristics and design characteristics of Ban's exhibition space in three representative temporary exhibition halls and three permanent exhibition halls designed by Ban Shigeru since 2000. Through the investigation of the concepts and characteristics of ecological architecture, the design characteristics of exhibition space, the analysis framework of the design characteristics of exhibition space and the design elements of ecological architecture is obtained. The analysis results show that there are big changes between the temporary exhibition space and the permanent exhibition space in terms of building scale, space composition, function, materials and technology. On the one hand, the temporary exhibition space used recyclable materials, such as paper tubes, containers to be assembled on site into a single-layer space focused on display. The assembly method was simple and the construction period was short. After the exhibition, the exhibition space were dismantled. The materials were either transported to the next display site or recycled and reused. On the other hand, the permanent exhibition space used reinforced concrete as the main structure, and used a large amount of wood and glass materials to construct a multi-layered composite cultural space that separated the exhibition space and the leisure space. In terms of ecological characteristics, the building materials of the temporary exhibition space were recycled and no industrial wastes were generated after the demolition. The permanent exhibition hall uses eco-friendly wood for the roof and walls, so it is easy to replace and repair. Both types of exhibition halls are changing ecological architecture in a more sustainable direction by saving resources and energy through natural light and ventilation.