This paper documents a study of the physiology of the lung. The aim of this paper is to better comprehend the physiological function of lung. To this end, the relationship between the physiological function of the lung and the characteristics of the 'Keum Un Qi Hua'(金運氣化), and the functional changes of the lung and its surrounding physiological systems have been studied in their relationship to the concept of the organism as a whole. The results of this study are as follows; The function of the lung is comprehended as corresponding to the 'Keum Un Qi Hua'. In visceral phenomenon, the lung has specific relations with the large intestine(大腸), nase(鼻), skin and hair(皮毛), sweat gland(汗孔), nasal mucus(涕), spirit(氣魄), grief and melancholy(憂 悲), the lung channel of hand-taiyin(手太陰肺經), the large intestine channel of hand-yangming(手陽明大腸經). This is called ‘the physiological systems of the lung’, and because these mutual relations reflect the functional changes of the lung, it is applied as the elementary knowledge to diagnose and treat the lung. For instance, a deficiency of the 'Qi‘ of the lung brings on an unconsolidated defending energy whose manifestations are sweating spontaneously as well as being susceptible to the common cold due to a diability in fighting against external pathogenic factors. Invasion of the lung by external pathogenic factors blocks the movement of the 'Qi' of the lung, which results in nasal obstraction. watery nasal discharge and a hyposmia. So the physiological functions and pathological changes of the lung can be determined by observing ’the physiological systems of the lung‘ based on the precepts of oriental medicine. As a result, the function of the lung is to be understood based on the characteristics of the 'Keum Un Qi Hua'. Furthermore we can know that the physiological systems of the lung mirrors the functional changes of the lung.

This study was undertaken to define the mechanism of Siegesbeckiae Herba-induced relaxation in rabbit common carotid artery contracted by agonists. In order to investigate the effect of Siegesbeckiae Herba on contracted rabbit carotid arterial strips, transverse strips with intact or damaged endothelium were used for the experiment using organ bath. To analyze the mechanism of Siegesbeckiae Herba-induced relaxation, Siegesbeckiae Herba extract infused into contracted arterial strips induced by agonists after treatment of lanthanum chloride, indomethacin, atropine, $N\omega-nitro-{_L}-arginine$, cobalt chloride or methylene blue. The relaxation effect of Siegesbeckiae Herba was dependent on the presence of endothelium, showing that Siegesbeckiae Herba-induced relaxation was not observed in the strips without endothelium. The endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by Siegesbeckiae Herba was suppressed by the pretreatment of lanthanum chloride, $N\omega-nitro-{_L}-arginine$, cobalt chloride or methylene blue, but it was not observed in the strips pretreated with indomethacin or atropine. These results demonstrated that Siegesbeckiae Herba may inhibit agonist-induced contraction through an increase in the cyclic GMP by the production of nitric oxide in the vascular endothelial cells.

The authors studied the natural evaluation of lumbar soft disc herniation in 20 patients with lumbar radiculopathy that was successfully treated with conservative theraphy only. The first computed tomography (CT) examination was performed during the acute phase of the radiculopathy, and the second performed from 3 to 24 months after healing. The initial CT allowed classification of the herniations according to size: ten were considered small. ten medium. Comparison with follow-up scans showed that 18 of Herniations decreased between 0 and 25%, two decreased between 75 and 100%.

It was claimed that the herbal medicine with the function of strengthening the body resistance exerts to enhance the immunity. And the medicine with the effect of eliminating the pathogenic factor is stated to inhibit the immune response. To evaluate the the effects of the herbal medicine on the immune response, the mice were administrated with the herbal medicine for 2 weeks. And the responses were analyzed. As the result, water extract of Radix Astragali, Fructus Psoraleae, Cortex Acanthopanacis, Semen Coicis, Herba Ecliptae, Spica Prunellae, and Radix Sophorae increased the ROI production, while Radix Tripterygia inhibited it. Phagocytic activity was increased after administration of Radix Astragal, Fructus Psoraleae, Cortex Acanthopanacis, Herba Ecliptae, Spica Prunellae and Radix Sophorae. NK cell activity was also significantly inhibited by Radix Tripterygia. Administration of Radix Astragali, Fructus Psoraleae, Cortex Acanthopanacis, Herba Ecliptae, Spica Prunellae and Semen Coicis enhanced the antibodies(hemagglutinin and hemolysin) formation and the appearance of rosette forming cells of the spleen, while Radix Sophorae and Radix Tripterygia decreased it. Radix Sophorae and Radix Tripterygia also decreased the allogenic immune response and mixed-lymphocyte reaction. And all the experimental herbs decreased contact hypersensitivity against dinitroflurobenzene. These results show Radix Astragali, Fructus Psoraleae, Spica Prunellae, Cortex Acanthopanacis, Semen Coicis and Herba Ecliptae enhanced innate immunity, humoral and cellular immune responses. However Radix Sophorae and Radix Tripterygia exert imunosuppressive action. Also these results indicate that the medicine with the action of the strengthening the body resistance enhances the immunity. And the the some of drugs belonging to the eliminating the pathogenic factor also increase the immune responses.

Recently we treated 2cases of endometrioma. The one get very effective result by herbal medicine and acupuncture, but the other can't get it. Edometriois is the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. And the endometriosis of ovary which made cyst is endometrioma. it is usually located on the anterior surface of the ovary. The prescriptions of herbal medicine are Banchongsangagam(蟠蔥散加減) and Geybacktanggagam(桂朴湯加減). The prescriptions of acupuncture are $LI_4,\;LIV_3,\;SP_6\;CV_4$, Jagung(子宮) and Shinmun(神門, 耳). We respect more and more clinical study and to share with its result.

We have done factor analysis to study the effects of clinical knowledge on the diagnosis process. Clinical datas were made on 94 patients with cerebrovascular accident diagnosed by computed tomographic scan and who did not over 20 days after stroke. After analysis, totally 11 factors has been found. Among these factors, we interpreted significant 5 factors as oriental-medical meaning, Factor 1 meant Han-youl(寒熱) and factor 2 meant Huh-Shil(虛實). These were exactly corresponded with clinical experience.

In order to investigate the effect of Daewhajungeum on the isolated organs, gastrointestinal tract and C.N.S., some kinds of experiments using mice and rats were done. The results were as follows; 1. Daewhajungeum showed the inhibitory effect on the smooth muscle contraction of the isolated ileum and colon induced by acethylchorine chloride and barium chloride in mice. 2. Daewhajungeum showed inhibitory effect on the contraction of the fundus-strip induced by acethylchorine chloride and barium chloride in rats. 3. The preventive effect on pyloric ulcer, indomethacin induced ulcer and ethanol-HCl induced ulcer of mice was recognized. 4. The effect on the acidity of gastric juice was suppressed, but the effect on the pepsin output was not recognized. 5. The transport ability of small and large intestine was significantly decressed. 6. The analgesic effect and the sedative effect were recognized so that the effect of the C.N.S was suggested.

The study was performed to investigate the effect of Houttuyniae herba Aqua- acupuncture on immune responses in irradiated rats. The results are as follows; 1. In the assay of peripheral lymphocytes, Houttuyniae herba aqua-acupuncture showed protective effect on peripheral lymphocytes from irradiation. 2. In the assay of $CD_4\;&\;CD_8$ T lymphocytes, Houttuyniae herba aqua-acupuncture showed pretective effect on $CD_4\;and\;CD_8$ T lymphocytes from irradiation with no stastistical significance. 3. In the assay of spleen lymphocytes, Houttuyniae herba aqua-acupuncture showed pretective effect on lymphocytes from irradiation with stastistical significance. 4. In the assay of spleen $CD_4$ T lymphocytes, Houttuyniae herba aqua-acupuncture showed pretective effect on $CD_4$ T lymphocytes from irradiatian with stastistical significance. 5. In the study of $CD_8$ T lymphocytes, Houttuyniae herba aqua-acupuncture showed pretective effect on $CD_4$ T lymphocytes from irradiation with no stastistical significance These results show that Houttuyniae herba aqua-acupuncture is an effective therapy upon immune deficiency induced by irradiation.

In our study, we tried to quantify Qi through establishing the interpretive method which would be used for inspecting the interrelationship between the Qi in Oriental Medicine and the physiological signals measured at the acupoint. We found out that some physiological signals measured at the acupoint of Meridian could be considered as a scientific Qi. Circulation rules of Qi probating the linkage between physiological signals and Qi are presented as promoting and counteracting rules of the Five Evolutive Phases within the traditional Oriental medicine literatures. We found that promoting and counteracting relations of the Five Evolutive Phases based on the New table about the rule of causing unbalance state(nTRCUS) can be widely used as a interpreting device for verifying the interrelation of human physiological signals and Qi. Standardizing the measured physiological signals into percentage could make relative comparison and judgement of the Five Evolutive Phases deviation possible. Though the physiological signals measured by instruments have different physical values, we could have the interpretation by the same promoting and counteracting rules of the Five Enolutive Phases. We measured EAV indices for 24 hours and discussed them in the view of Qi Circulation in Meridian.

In order to investigate the effects of Soyosangamibang Extract(逍遙散加味方抽出液) on antitumor effects after human cell lines(A549, hep3B, Caki-1, Ehrlich) transplantation into the peritoneal cavity or right groin in mice induced by RPMI1640 and GIBCO etc., the extracts of its herbal medicines were orally administered for 10 or 12 days. Experimental studies were performed for measurance of antitumor effect of MMC(Mitomycin C) and lysosomal enzyme's activities using colony forming efficency, SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows: 1. The change of colony-forming efficiency and SRB assay of Caki-1 cells, hep3B and A549 cells after exposure to the extract of Soyosangamibang extract depressed the growth of tumor cells by concentration of Soyosangamibang, 2. Antitumor activity of the ethanol extract from Soyosangamibang extract and MMC on ascites form of Ehrlich carcinoma in mice is a little improved. Especially mean survival times of the group of 200mg/kg and MMC 0.1mg/kg is improved Over 50%. 3. WhenSoyosangamibang extract and MMC are administrated together, the weight of turnor is more decreased than MMC alone. 4. The lysosomal enzyme's activities of the Soyosangarmibang extract and MMC are more significantly improved than MMC alone. According to the above results, it could be suggested that Soyosangamibang extract has indirect antitumor effect by strengthen the effect of MMC.

The writers have treated in hospital a two-year and 4 month boy child with Guillain-Barre syndrome whose chief complaints are flaccid tetraparalysis and hypesthesia for about three months from December 2, 1996. In the early stage, the principles and methods of treatment such as wind expelling and removal of dampness(?風濕) and obstruction in meridians and collaterals(通經活絡) were used and in the late stage the principles and methods of treatment to invigorate the spleen, replenish Ki(健脾益氣), and nourish the liver and kidneys(滋補肝腎) were applied, together with acupuncture, indirect moxibustion and massotheraphy. Since then, the symptom has gradually improved. Six months after onset, the boy child was recovered to a nearly normal condition. Therefore, this case of treatment is reported, together with consideration of literature.

In the pharmacology of traditional Korean medicine, each drug has its own specific characters. The different characters of drugs are employed to treat diseases, rectify the hyperactivity or hypoactivity of yin or yang, and help the body restore its normal physiological functions, consequently curing the diseases and restoring health. The various characters and functions of these drugs concerning medical treatment include drugs' properties, flavours, actions of lifting, lowering, floating and sinking, channel tropism, toxicity, etc. Among these theories, theory of properties and flavours of drugs provides the basis for drug analysis and application. 'Property' refers to the cold, hot, warm or cool nature of a drug. These properties of drugs are so sorted out according to the different actions of the drugs on the human body and thier therapeutic effects. Drugs which cure heat syndrome(yang syndrome) have a cold or cool property, whereas drugs which cure cold syndrome (yin syndrome) have hot or warm property Drugs of cold and cool-natured and drugs of warm and hot natures are of opposite properties. A cold-natured drug is different from a cool-natured on only in degree, and so is a warm-natured drug from a hot-natured drug. Most of the cool- or cold- natured drugs have the effects of clearing heat, purging fire, removing toxic substances, and nourishing yin, and are uese to cure heat syndromes. On the contrary, drugs of warm or hot nature usually have the effects of dispersing cold, warming up the interior, supporting yang, and treating collapse, and are therefore used to treat cold syndromes. We thought that the property of drug may be related to the autonomic nervous system in western medicine. In other words, drugs of warm or hot nature increase heart rate or acts like sympathomimetics, and drugs of cool or cold nature decrease heart rate or acts like para sympathomimetics . According to this hypothesis, we administrated some drugs to isolated rat right atrium in magnus tube. But there is no correlation between 'property' in traditional Korean medicine and autonomic nervous system in western medicine.

The following are the results of the experimental studies of Hwangki kunjoongtang and GamiHwangkikunjoongtang on the recovory of exercise induced fatigue. Hwangkikunjoongtang showed remarkable effects on the decrease of oxygen consumption, serum lactate levels, serum LDH activities, serum FFA levels, and on the increase of serum triglyceride levels. GamiHwangkikunjoongtang showed remarkable effects on the decrease of serum lactate levels, serum LDH activities, serum FFA levels and on the increse of serum triglyceride levels and serum glucose levels. According to the results, both Hwangkikunjoohgtang and GamiHwangkikunjoong-tang showed remarkable effects in the recovery of exercise induced fatigue, but GamiHwangkikunjoongtang was more effective than Hwangkikunjoongtang.

The inhibitory activity of Aquillariae Lignum (Thymelaeaceae) on type Ⅰ immediate hypersensitivity of the anaphylactic type in the wistar rat model of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, an IgE-mediated, mast cell-dependent reaction. Administered orally at 250, 500 mg/kg body weight 1 h before the challenge, Aquillariae Lignum potently inhibited PCA in rats which disodium cromoglycate showed poor inhibitory activity. Aquillariae Lignum inhibited compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis 100% with a dose of 0.5 g/kg body weight at 1 h before or 5 and 10 min after injection of compound 48/80. Aquillariae Lignum (0.05-1.6 mg/ml) also exhibited the dose-related inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced histamine release from rat_peritoneal mast cells. Moreover, it was clearly demonstrated that Aquillariae Lignum and disodium cromoglycate disodium cromoglycate potently inhibited such type Ⅰ allergic reactions as anaphylactic shocks, suggesting that these drugs, at least in part, share the same mechanism of action It is suggested that Aquillariae Lignum may exert a stronger inhibition on the mast cell degranulation process. Since Aquillariae Lignum (1.0 mg/ml) inhibited about 90% of histidine decarboxylase activity, the inhibitory activity of Aquillariae Lignum for histamine release was considered to be derived from the inhibition of histidine decarboxylase activity. It results from increased expression of the mRNA coding for histidine decarboxylase, as assessed by Northern blot analysis after a 12 h incubation to P-815 cells with dexamethasone plus 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. The addition of Aquillariae Lignum to P-815 cells with dexamethasone plus 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, significantly inhibited the histidine decarboxylase gene expression. Tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ was not constitutively expressed in P-815 cells. Substance P selectively activates the tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ gene expression in P-815 cells. Aquillariae Lignurm inhibited substance P-induced tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ gene expression. Furthennore, The effect of Aquillariae Lignum on the mRNA expression of novel protein kinase C ${\delta}$ a major isoform of mast cells, was examined by Northern blot analysis. The expression of novel protein kinase C ${\delta}$ mRNA in the presence of Aquillariae Lignum was significantly lower than in the absence of Aquillariae Lignum. These results suggest the possibility that the inhibition of allergic reaction by Aquillanae Lignum should be regulated by tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ and novel protein kinase C ${\delta}$.

The degree of KAP study on Chinease traditional medicine and doctor was examined with some chinease living yenbian district(延邊) from July 1st to August 30th in 1996. The result of the study for predicting health and ill patterns runs as fellows. 1. It is understand to strength and variety about role of chinease traditional medicine doctors and the curable disease. 2. Although most patients go to chinease traditional medicine clinic for the purpose of medicine herbs in package, acupuncture and industry-made pharm, they think the medical fee a little high(70.6%). 3. The 66.7% of respondents recognize chinease traditional medicine doctors as a profession and others think them only abundant works ; therefore it is rather low to ink chinease traditional doctors a profession. 4. Most respondents think that chinease traditional medicine should improved in the inside ; such as scientific reinforcement of theory, lack of univerality, improvment and enlargement of insurance, unkindness, shortage of publicity, dropped equipment, system of medical specialist, lack of integration with westem medicine, exact diagnosis and confidence of remedy, and low efficacy, etc. 5. Chinease likes more experienced-traditional doctor than beginner(78.3%) 6. The policy of korean government against 100 herbal prescription right by western pharmacy has taken the negative recognition(74.6%), 7. The degree that acknowleges of chinease traditional medicine through thease basic contents is average 47.3 mark. To be brief, although the step of the recognition and attitude of oriental medicine is less or very affirmative aspect, actully considerable positive factors is in the last chosen step. In conclusion KAP study connected chinease traditional medicine and doctor has very much postive factors.

A comparative study of influence by area between acupuncture points on hand of original acupuncture system with those of hand acupuncture system was resulted as followes 1. The influence of acupuncture points on original acupuncture system was different from those on hand acupuncture system by meridian system even though on same area or point but was similar by meridian coordination even though on different area or point. 2. The influence of acupuncture points on hand acupuncture system was almost added by those of coordinated original acupuncture system point on those of hand acupuncture system point. 3. The influence of non coordinated hand acupuncture points with several original acupuncture points was according to those of up or down point on same meridian. 4. Tung;s acupuncture system had no corelationship with other two acupuncture systems, where it has no holistic system on original princeple and Extra-points had also no corelationship, where it has no meridian system.

The aim of this experiments was to investigate the effect of Croton. Tiglii. semen water extract on the renal function, plasma renin activity, plasma levels of atrial natriuretiu peptide and aldosterone in rats. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Water balance was not changed significantly after the administration of Croton Tiglii semen water extract. 2. Urine volume decreased significantly after the administration of Croton Tiglii semen water extract $80{\mu}l/200g$. 3. Urinary excretion of sodium increased significantly after the administration of Croton Tiglii semen water extract $40{\mu}l/200g$, but decreased significantly after the administration of Croton Tiglii semen water extract $80{\mu}l/200g$. 4. Urinary excretion of potassium decreased significantly after the administration of Croton Tiglii semen water extract $80{\mu}l/200g$. 5. Urinary excretion of chloride was not changed significantly after the administration of Croton Tiglii semen water extract. 6. Free water clearance was not changed significantly after the administration of Croton Tiglii semen water extract. 7. Urinary excretion of creatinine increased significantly after the administration of Croton Tiglii semen $40{\mu}l/200g$. 8. Plasma renin activity was not changed significantly after administration of Croton Tiglii semen water extract. 9. Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide increased significantly after administration of Croton Tiglii semen water extract. 10. Plasma levels of aldosterone increased significantly after administration of Croton Tiglii semen $40{\mu}l/200g$.

Clinical observation was done on 290 cases of patients who were diagnosed as CVA with brain CT, TCD, MRI scan and clinical observation. They were hospitalized in the oriental medical hospital of Kyung-Won University from 1st January to 31st December in 1996. 1. The cases were classified into the following kinds : cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attack. The most case of them was the cerebr진 infarction. 2. There is no significant difference in the frequency of strokes in male and female. And the frequency of strokes was highest in the aged over 50. 3. In cerebral infarction the most frequent lesion was the territory of middle cerebral artery, and in cerebral hemorrhage the most frequent lesion was the basal ganglia. 4. The most ordinary preceding disease was hypertension, and the next was diabetes. 5. The rate of recurrence was high in cerebral infarction. 6. The frequency of strokes seems to have no relation to the season. 7. The cerebral infarction occurred usually in resting and sleeping, and the cerebral hemorrhage in acting. 8. The course of entering hospital, most patients visited this hospital as soon as CVA occurred. And the half of patient visited this hospital within 2 days after CVA attack. 9. In the cases of patients who were unconscious at the admission, the prognosis was worse than that of the alert patients. 10. The common symptoms were motor disability and verbal disturbance. 11. The average duration of hospitalization was 27.4 days, and in case of cerebral hemorrhage the duration was prolonged. 12. The average time to start physical therapy was 13.3rd day after stroke in cerebral infarction and it was 19.9th day after stroke in cerebral hemorrhage. 13. The common complications were urinary tract infection, pneumonia, myocardial infarction and so on. 15. At the time of entering hospital, in most cases the blood pressure was high, but blood pressure was well controlled at the time of discharge. 16. Generally reported, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia are usually found in cerebral infarction. But in this study, they were found more frequently in cerebral hemorrhage than in infarction. 17, In the most cases, western and oriental medical treatments were given simultaneously. 18. In acute or subacute stage, the methods of smoothening the flow of KI(順氣), dispelling phlegm(祛痰), clearing away heat(淸熱) or purgation(瀉下) were frequently used. And in recovering stage, the methods of replenishing KI(補氣), tonifying the blood(補血) or tranquilization(安神) were frequently used.

In order to study the effects of Guibitanggamibang on blood pressure and hyperlipidemia, experimental study were performed on hypertension in normal and SHR rats, and on hyperlipidemia induced by Triton WR-1339 in normal rats. Also the level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, phospholipid and transaminase(GOT, GPT) were measured. The results are summarized as follows: 1. After Guibitanggamibang was given to normal rats, the results showed that inhibitory effects on blood pressure and heart beat were not statistically significant. 2. After Guibitanggamibang was given to SHR rats, the results showed that inhibitory effects on blood pressure were statistically significant. 3. In the model of hyperlipidemia induced by 2% cholesterol food, Guibitanggarrubang had significantly-decreasing effects on total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-choleste rol, Transaminase(GOT, GPT) level in serum. 4. In the model of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton WR-1339, Guibitanggamibang had significantly-decreasing effects on total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, phospholipid, Transaminase(GOT, GPT) level in serum. 5. In the model of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton WR-1339, Guibitanggamibang had no significant effects on HDL-cholesterol level in serum. These results show that Guibitanggamibang(歸脾湯加味方) has significant inhibitory effects on blood pressure and hyperlipidemia and that it could be clinically applied for hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

The aim of the present experiments was to investigate the effect of Yukmijihwangtang water extracts on the plasma renin activity and plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and aldosterone in rats. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Plasma renin activity decreased significantly after the administration of Yukmijihwangtang water extracts 1.5ml/kg. 2. Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) decreased significantly after the administration of Yukmijihwangtang water extracts. 3. Plasma levels of aldosterone increased significantly after the administration of Yukmijihwangtang water extract.

To observe the effect of Heulbuchuketang on endometriosis, surgically induced endometriosis in rats was treated with Heulbuchuketang for l00days. The result are as follows: 1. Fragments of right uterine horn were implanted at the serosal wall of small intestine and its adjacent aterial suppling branch. After 4 weeks later endometriosis was observed at the area of implantation of small intestine. 2. After l00-day-treatment, the size of the endometriosis of treated group was much smaller compared to those of the untreated group. Especially the result of the later 60-day-treatment was much better than that of the early 40-day-treatment. 3. In case of inflammation or pustula induced from endometriosis, the size of abnormal endometriosis tissue showed no change after the total treatment and fibrotic change was often founded there, which was not responding to Heulbuchuketang. 4. In the ovary of untreated group, primordial follicle, primary follicle, maturing primary follicle were easily founded and there was no difference in shape and size between the ovary of Heulbuchuketang treated group. From the upper 1 to 4 laboratory result it can be suggested that Heulbuchuketang can be specially effective to mild endometriosis with conservating the ability of fertility.

The effects of Geumguesingitang and Dohongsamultang on rats with nephrosis induced by a single tail-intravenous injection of puromycin aminonucleoside(PAN), 2.5mg/l00g of body weight were evaluated in the present study. The effects of Geumguesingitang and Dohongsamultang on PAN nephrosis were evaluated by measuring (1)the concentrations of albumin, total protein, total lipid, cholesterol, triglyceride, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and uric acid in the serum, (2)the concentrations of protein, creatinine, glucose, occult blood and volume of the 24 hours urine and (3)the volume of intake water. The results are summerized as follows; 1. In the Control group as compared to the Normal. the amount of protein of 24 hours urine was significantly increased, the concentrations of albumin and total protein were significantly decreased. Total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride in the serum were significantly increased. The concentrations of creatinine, BUN, uric acid in the serum, the amount of glucose and occult blood of 24 hours urine were also increased significantly. 2. In the Geumguesingitang group as compared to the Control, the increase in the amount of urinary protein during 24 hours induced by PAN was significantly suppressed, and the concentrations of total protein and albumin in the serum were significantly increased. The concentrations of total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride in the serum were significantly inhibited. The decrease of the concentrations of creatinine and uric acid in the serum were also observed significantly. 3. In the Dohongsamultang group as compared to the Control, the increase of the amount of protein and glucose of the 24 hours urine induced by PAN were significantly inhibited, and the concentrations of total protein and albumin in the serum were increased significantly. The concentrations of total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride in the serum were decreased significantly. The decrease of the concentrations of creatinine and uric acid in the serum were observed significantly. It can be inferred that Geumguesingitang has effects on improving proteinuria, hypoproteinemia effectively. It has an effect on hyperlipidemia significantly relieved. And relieving azotemia when nephrotic syndrome is accompanied by the acute renal failure. It can be inferred that Dohongsamultang improves hyperlipidemia effectively. It has effects on proteinuria, hypoproteinemia in nephrotic syndrome significantly relieved. And relieving azotemia when nephrotic syndrome is accompanied by the acute renal failure.

In a 36-month period, 23 selected Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction were studied utilizing Computerized Tomography, Barthel Index in an attempt to correlate Brain Computerized Tomography findings with 1week, 4weeks rehabilitation and evaluate the influences of the size and location of the lesion. The study suggested that the size of the lesion had impact on 4 weeks rehabilitation. There was significant different between the patients with Middle Cerebral Artery Pial Territory Infarction(I.P.B.M.C.A.) lesion and the patients with Lacunar Infarction(L.I.), Striatocapsular Infarction(S.C.I.), Internal Watershed Infarction(I.W.I.) lesion, but there was no significant difference between the patients with L.I. lesion and the patients with S.C.I. lesion and the patients with I.W.I. lesion. The size and location of the lesion should be considered together in predicting the functional outcomes of Acute Cerebral Infarction.

The Background and Purpose : Many herb-medicines are frequently used in China but they are not in Korea. It is required to prove them worthy to introduce into Korea and to find substitutes for them. The Objective and Methods : During stay in China as a Professor extraordinary, I investigated applications of Chinese modicines, books and theses. The Results and Conclusions : 1. In China the cheap herb-medicines are chosen preferentially and the classic rules of oriental medicine are truly observed. 2. in China it is impossible to prove virtue of ready made herb-medicines because constituents are not opened. 3. Commonly used herb-medicines are drug of clean away heat(淸熱藥) which are antinflammatories or anti-toxins. 4. Antitumorigenic effects was frequently reported but they don't get complete agreement also in China. 5. Herb-medicines which are frequently used in China but not in Korea have no significant differences from commonly used herb-medicines in Korea.

Background : The stenosis of the coronary artery results in a decrease in the myocardial oxygen supply, ischemia and infarction. Jakamchotang as a drug of liquid is generally regarded to have the effect of arrythmia, palpitation from Heart disease and promoting the flow of Ki and Blood. Methods : The purpose of this experimental study is to find whether Jakamchotang is effective or not in curing ischemia in isolated perfused rat hearts and to measure the degree of its curing effect. In this study, under the Langendorff apparatus, ischemia was induced in isolated Sprague-Dawley rat hearts by ceasing the perfusion for 20 minites. Subjects were divided into a normal saline orally administered group(control group), an Jakamchotang orally 100mg administered group (sample A), an Jakamchotang orally 300mg administered group (sample B), and an Jakamchotang injection perfused group(sample C). The heart rates, left ventricular pressure, myocardial dilatation/contraction, cardiac perfusion flow and cardiac ezyme(LDH, CPK) of the four group were measured and compared in order to assess the influence of Jakamchotang on isolated perfused rat hearts recovering abillity from ischemia and infarction. results : 1. Heart rates were increased significantly in Jakamchotang orally 100mg administered group, Jakamchotang orally 300mg administered group and Jakamchotang injection perfused group on perfusion and reperfusion(p<0.01). 2. Left ventricular pressure were increased significantly in Jakamchotang orally 100mg administered group and 300mg administered and Jakamchotang injection perfused group(p<0.01) in comparison with control group on perfusion, but every group did not significant on reperfusion. 3. While there were no differances in each group's abillities of myocardial dilatation, the ability of myocardial constriction of Jakamchotang 100mg administered group only on perfusion was significantly greater than that of control group(p<0.05). 4. CBF was no significant on perfusion and reperfusion in comparison with control group(N.S.) 5. LDH was not significantly decreased on perfusion, but significactly decreased in Jakamchotang orally 100mg administered group, Jakamchotang orally 300mg administered group on reperfusion. 6. CPK was significantly decreased in Jakamchotang orally 100mg administered group, 300mg administered and Jakamchotang injection perfused group on perfusion(p<0.01), but was not significantly in Jakamchotang 300mg administered group only on reperfusion(P<0.05) Conclusion : According to the result above, Jakamchotang have an effect to recover in the isolated perfused rat hearts. Especially, the effect of Jakamchotang in orally adminstered group is greater than that of Jakamchotang injection perfused group on preischemia. The followings are the two important results of this study: First, the effect of Jakamchotang used traditionally on heart disease was proved statistcally under the Langendorff apparatus. Second, on the basis of this study, the effect of other type medications on myocardial ischemia can be evaluted in further studies.

This study was undertaken to examine the effect of Cheongahwan(CAH), being known to reinforce Kidney-yang, on the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and the production of oxygen free radicals in the kidney tissues. Alterations in enzyme activities were observed after in vivo treatment in rats. CAH caused a significant increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase. But catalase activity was not significantly altered by CAH. Treatment in vitro of CAH decreased the production of oxygen free radicals in a dose-dependent fashion. These results suggest that CAH stimulate the activities of antioxidant enzymes and inhibit directly the production of oxygen free radicals. These effects of CAH may contribute to prevent the oxygen free radical-induced impairment of cell function.

Recently the endangered species of wild fauna and flora used in TCM have been held under a spotlight by CITES-implementing countries. USA and other western countries have suspected Oriental countries might not keep the regulation of CITES effectively for the continuous use of endangered species such as tiger bone, rhino horn, bear gallbladder and others. However, most of Oriental countries have tried to keep CITES truly. The misunderstanding of culture and thought in Oriental countries can be one of important factors. Thus, for effective implementation of CITES, we have to keep communication with western countries especially in the principles of TCM or others and vice versa. In addition, TCM using countries and counterpart countries should prevent illegal trade of endangered species in TCM and also fry to develop natural or synthesized substitutes for endangered species. We have to continue to develop methods to artificially propagate endangered species, while trying to alleviate the ethical problems entailed by breeding in captivity. In south Korea we also have to make known our implementation of CITES such as reinforced law for prohibition of using CITES items, public awareness by training program, brochure and surveys to other countries.