This study examined the effects of Dream Start participation on the use of after-school programs, considering its emphasis on the utilization of community resources. For this, it compared the use of after-school programs in terms of the number of types and the total amount of time between children who had been participating in Dream Start and those who had not. The main findings are as follows. First, when all other conditions were held constant, children in Dream Start used more types of after-school programs compared to their correspondents. Second, children in Dream Start were more likely to use two types of after-school programs over weekdays or three types of programs for several days a week compared to their correspondents. Third, children in Dream Start spent less amount of time in the after-school programs compared to their correspondents. Even though this study found the effectiveness of Dream Start as a facilitator of community resource utilization, future research needs to examine the effects of after-school program use in terms of its diversity and amount on the development of low-income children.

The purpose of this study was to explore ethnic socialization enacted by Japanese marriage migrant women currently raising 7- to 18-year-old children in Korea. To accomplish this goal, we examined the following research questions: (1) What is the level of ethnic socialization enacted by Japanese marriage migrant mothers? (2) Does the level of ethnic socialization vary by demographic and ethnocultural factors? (3) To what extent do demographic and ethnocultural factors influence the enactment of ethnic socialization by Japanese marriage migrant mothers? The sample consisted of 243 Japanese marriage migrant women currently raising 7- to 18-year-old children in Korea. For data analysis, T-test, correlation, ANOVA, and hierarchical regression analyses were used. Also, we performed separate analyses for two subtypes of ethnic socialization in particular, namely cultural socialization and preparation for bias. Ethnocultural factors examined in this study were the level of discrimination experience, Japanese ethnic identity, and husbands' ethnic orientation in childrearing. The main results of this study were as follows. First, results showed that Japanese marriage migrant women enacted moderate levels of cultural socialization and preparation for bias. Second, Japanese marriage migrant women's cultural socialization and preparation for bias were both positively related to the levels of women's discrimination experience and Japanese ethnic identity. Also, the younger the age of the firstborn child, the more preparation for bias these women performed. In addition, women whose Korean husbands wanted to raise their children more biculturally performed more cultural socialization compared to those with Korean husbands who wanted to raise their children as Korean. Third, hierarchical regression analyses revealed that women's discrimination experience and ethnic identity positively predicted both types of ethnic socialization. Also, Korean husband's bicultural orientation towards childrearing predicted a higher level of cultural socialization by Japanese marriage migrant women. Results of this study provide basic information about ethnic socialization among multicultural families in Korea, which can be useful for promoting positive self-identity among multicultural children. Furthermore, the results suggest that husbands' support and cooperation in ethnic socialization can be crucial for marriage migrant women to socialize their children utilizing their cultural and experiential resources.

This study examined the factors affecting the client's binge drinking, and the client and parents' change led by family therapy. From August to November 2011, the counseling case of this research was consisted of a total of 9 sessions-individual, parents, mother-daughter, father-daughter, and family counseling. This study utilized verbatim and audio recordings, and employed Miles and Huberman(1994) matrix and network to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that the factors that influenced the client's binge drinking included the family's dysfunctional communication method, adverse rearing attitude owing to unresolved emotional problems from the family-of-origin, and the client family's peculiar environment and culture. The therapist's intervention included making the client aware of his own problem, helping to gain insight and understand the parents' family-of-origin, connecting the past family-of-origin and the present, identifying attempted solutions, making aware of new change, and suggesting new communication methods. Through the therapist's intervention employing MRI interactional family therapy model and Bowen's family systems theory, the family members experienced changes; perception of all family members that participated in the counseling changed, and accordingly, their communication method and attitude changed as well. Through these changes in the family, the client's alcohol consumption reduced in terms of both frequency and amount, thus was able to solve their binge drinking problem.

The purpose of the study was to review literature on universal and residual services of early family-intervention. The review was focused on early family-intervention cases proven effective in empowering children, parents and families, which, in turn, brought about positive synergy effects to the community at large. Literature review was presented in the following order: first, the universal needs for early family-intervention; second, critical components and strategies of early family-intervention for successful outcomes; third, on-going international projects of early family-intervention, both universal and residual services, proven effective on a long-term basis. In conclusion, findings of the study were summarized and the theoretical, practical and political implications for Korean society were further discussed.