• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.203-212
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• 2004

The watermarking is a method to achieve the copyright protection of multimedia contents. Among several media, the left documents show very peculiar properties: block/line/word patterning, clear separation between foreground and background areas. So algorithms specific to the text documents are required that meet those properties. This paper proposes a novel watermarking algorithm for the grayscale text document images. The algorithm inserts the watermark signals through the edge direction histograms. A concept of sub-image consistency is developed that the sub-images have similar shapes in terms of edge direction histograms. Using Korean, Chinese, and English document images, the concept is evaluated and proven to be valid over a wide range of document images. To insert watermark signals, the edge direction histogram is modified slightly. The experiments were performed on various document images and the algorithm was evaluated in terms of imperceptibility and robustness.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.74-83
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• 2000

There is a rapid increase in the use of digital video information in recent years. Especially, user requires the environment which retrieves video from passive access to active access, to be more efficiently. we need to implement video retrieval system including video parsing, clustering, and browsing to satisfy user's requirement. In this paper, we first divide video sequence to shots which are primary unit for automatic indexing, using a hybrid method with mixing histogram method and pixel-based method. After the shot boundaries are detected, corresponding key frames can be extracted. Key frames are very important portion because they help to understand overall contents of video. In this paper, we first analyze camera operation in video and then select different number of key frames depend on shot complexity. At last, we compose panorama images from shots which are containing panning or tilting in order to provide more useful and understandable browsing environment to users.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.6 no.8
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• pp.411-418
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• 2017

The curriculum is about what to teach and learn, which is the basis for judging the level of knowledge. At the present time when the necessity of informatics education is emphasized, cultivation of human resources to actively cope with the SW-oriented society is the core of national competitiveness. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the quantitative aspects of high school curriculum based on higher education curriculum. Among the 18 knowledge areas, 'America' has 15 areas, 'UK' has 10 areas, and 'Japan' has 7 areas. However, 'Korea' has 6 areas, The purpose of this study is to understand the current status of Korea's information curriculum through the analysis of curriculum and to provide contents and implications for the curriculum revision.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2002.02a
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• pp.133-149
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• 2002

This study aims to investigate the impact of wide use of digital technology, in particular, the Internet, on innovation process and corporate strategy in electronics industry. The introduction of digital technology has changed innovation process, business model and organizational structure of the electronics companies. With the introduction of digital technology, the entire value chain of electronics industry from procurement, sales, and marketing to R&D and manufacturing has been restructured. E-commerce has been a major agenda for e-business. Recently, collaboration among electronics companies through e-marketplace has emerged as an important issue. A web-based e-commerce standard, so called RosettaNet, has been developed for facilitating e-transactions of electronics firms. The development of digital technology has dramatically increased the processing speed and sophisticated the virtual reality technology. As simulation becomes easier and more effective, the uncertainty and risk involved in R&D has decreased significantly. Another positive impact is closer cooperation between R&D and manufacturing functions. Taking advantage of automated and flexible production technology, has a new type of firm, so called, EMS (Electronics Manufacturing Services) emerged, whose strategic focus is on manufacturing only. The EMS can be seen as a kind of innovative organization, that is, a modular organization for production function. Digital technology has made convergence of computer and communication possible at early years but right now the convergence has been accelerated in extensive areas of communication, broadcasting, information appliances, software, contents, and services. Firms' effort for an innovative product and service has been intensified and the competition for a new standard product and service has become severe in electronics industry. Business activities are always realized in a specific organizational context. Accordingly building up innovation-friendly organization has emerged as a critical concern. Due to the striking decrease of transaction cost, a network type of organization has proliferated, and a business function turns into a modular organization. As a whole, digital technology has pushed electronics firms into developing their own business model, which takes consideration of standardization of business platform and their core competency.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Plasma display panel (PDP) televisions are facing to have a new chance to receive attention along with a boom in 3-D software and contents because PDP can provide the comfortable and realistic 3-D images. The PDP has three driving circuit boards such as X, Y and addressing boards. Cost effective driving waveform has already been reported to decrease the number of driving circuit board. Half bridge based sustaining driver can remove a sustaining driver in the X board. However, the biasing circuit in the X driving boards cannot be reduced because there are some drawbacks such as unstable gas discharge condition and unreliability of an address driver IC. In this paper, the half bridge based sustaining driver is considered and a simple address driver is proposed to remove one driving board, X driving board. The stable gas discharge condition, reliability of the address driver IC and the low cost can be obtained by the proposed circuit.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.901-911
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• 2005

With the development of e-commerce and the proliferation of easily accessible information, information filtering has become a popular technique to prune large information spaces so that users are directed toward those items that best meet their needs and preferences. While many collaborative filtering systems have succeeded in capturing the similarities among users or items based on ratings to provide good recommendations, there are still some challenges for them to be more efficient, especially the user bias problem, non-transitive association problem and cold start problem. Those three problems impede us to capture more accurate similarities among users or items. In this paper, we provide probabilistic model approaches for UCHM and ICHM which are suggested to solve the addressed problems in hopes of achieving better performance. In this probabilistic model, objects (users or items) are classified into groups and predictions are made for users considering the Gaussian distribution of user ratings. Experiments on a real-word data set illustrate that our proposed approach is comparable with others.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Computer Game
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.167-174
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• 2018

The homogeneous key arrangement is a method of consistently arranging notes in a tile-shaped keyboard musical instrument, and arranging them in the same direction in the same direction on the neighboring keys in the same direction to enable a consistent musical arrangement. It has been used for a long time, but recently it has attracted attention by applying it to various modern musical instrument design and software instrument interface. There have been many different methods of deployment, but there are few studies on the existence of some or none of them. In this paper, we propose a classification method for such a key arrangement and analyze the relationship between them. This shows that there are far fewer types of homologous key arrangement than the known ones, and provided the basis of the study on the homogeneous key arrangement by providing a classification framework. Based on this, it is expected that more systematic analysis and research will be done and it will be used to develop various music interfaces. These studies will play a very important role in training students to understand the basic elements of pitch, harmony, harmony, and scales in music education games.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.377-383
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• 2021

In this paper, we describe the case of automatic test equipment development for hardware verification of stores management computer mounted on aircraft. Recently, the required functions of aircraft have been diversified and the related technologies of avionics equipment have developed, and the types and quantity of interfaces required for avionics equipment have increased. In addition to the existing old stores, the stores management computer also needs to control the interface in large quantities as the requirements for the new stores are added. For this reason, the time and manpower required for the inspection of avionic equipment are also increasing, and if the test process of avionic equipment can be automated and unmanned, more efficient inspection system operation will be possible. Therefore, this paper introduces the case of designing test software and test scenario to automate the structural design contents and verification process of test equipment required for the verification of hardware function of stores management computer.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.761-768
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• 2021

Recently, various platforms and contents for artificial intelligence education have been developed, but artificial intelligence education programs for the lower grades of elementary school are insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop an artificial intelligence education program for learners in the lower grades of elementary school. It was designed using the Novel Engineering with various convergence education research cases for software education. After the first program was developed, it was verified by expert validity test, and the program was modified and developed accordingly. It was necessary to construct a program based on spoken language rather than written language in consideration of the level of learners in the lower grades in the process of acquiring Hangeul, and to secure the number of educational hours through integration between subjects. It is expected that this study can suggest a new direction for artificial intelligence education for elementary and lower grade learners.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.358-369
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• 2021

This study aims to classify the dimensions of the sales information of secondhand clothing goods on the C2C secondhand trading platform and to systematically analyze the components of each dimension. To this end, the NVivo 12.0 qualitative data analysis software was used. The content analysis showed that the sales information of secondhand clothing goods was classified into four dimensions: detailed information of the sale goods, information specific to secondhand clothing goods, seller opinion information, and service information. The components of each dimension were as follows. The detailed information of the sale goods included size, sale price, item, design, brand name, material, color, wearing season, fit, gender, etc. The information specific to secondhand clothing goods included the number of times the item was worn, its purchase history, and product condition. Seller opinion information included product review, sales motivation, notes for the transaction, coordination proposal, and usage proposal. The service information included the transaction mode, exchange·return·refund, and promotion. The frequency analysis showed that the highest frequencies were sale goods(37.47%), information specific to secondhand clothing goods(24.63%), seller opinion information(20.54%), and service information(17.37%). This study will help C2C secondhand trading platform managers or sellers establish clear standards for presenting sales information and developing ideas toward constructing differentiated platform contents.