• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.498-505
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• 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the optimal dose of novel iron amino acid complexes (Fe-Lys-Glu) by measuring laying performance, egg quality, egg iron (Fe) concentrations, and blood biochemical parameters in laying hens. Methods: A total of 1,260 18-week-old healthy Beijing White laying hens were randomly divided into 7 groups with 12 replicates of 15 birds each. After a 2-wk acclimation to the basal diet, hens were fed diets supplemented with 0 (negative control, the analyzed innate iron content was 75.06 mg/kg), 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Lys-Glu or 45 mg Fe/kg from FeSO₄ (positive control) for 24 wk. Results: Results showed that compared with the negative and positive control groups, dietary supplementation with 30 to 75 mg Fe/kg from Fe-Lys-Glu significantly (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) increased the laying rate (LR) and average daily egg weight (ADEW); hens administered 45 to 75 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Lys-Glu showed a remarkable (linear, p<0.05) decrease in feed conversion ratio. There were no significant differences among all groups in egg quality. The iron concentrations in egg yolk and serum were elevated by increasing Fe-Lys-Glu levels, and the highest iron content was found in 75 mg Fe/kg group. In addition, hens fed 45 mg Fe/kg from Fe-Lys-Glu had (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) higher yolk Fe contents than that with the same dosage of FeSO₄ supplementation. The red blood cell (RBC) count and hemoglobin content (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) increased obviously in the groups fed with 30 to 75 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Lys-Glu in comparison with the control group. Fe-Lys-Glu supplementation also (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) enhanced the activity of copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) in serum, as a result, the serum malonaldehyde content (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) decreased in hens received 60 to 75 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Lys-Glu. Conclusion: Supplementation Fe-Lys-Glu in laying hens could substitute for FeSO₄ and the optimal additive levels of Fe-Lys-Glu are 45 mg Fe/kg in layers diets based on the quadratic regression analysis of LR, ADEW, RBC, and Cu/Zn-SOD.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.29.1-29.8
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• 2023

Objectives: This study tested the hypothesis that cryotherapy duration influences lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in a rat model. Materials and Methods: Six Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) were used. Five sites were selected per animal and divided into 5 groups: a negative control group (NC), 2 positive control groups (PC1 and PC2), and 2 experimental groups (E1 and E2). Cryotherapy was applied for 1 minute (E1) or 5 minutes (E2). An acute inflammatory response was induced in the PC and E groups via subcutaneous administration of 0.5 mL/kg. In the PC2 group, a catheter was inserted without additional treatment. For the E1 and E2 groups, 2.5℃ saline solution was administered through the implanted catheters for 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. The rats were sacrificed, and samples were obtained and processed for histological analysis, specifically examining the presence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and hemorrhage. The χ² test was used to compare the presence of acute inflammation across groups. Dependent variables were compared using the linear-by-linear association test. Results: Inflammation and hemorrhage varied significantly among the groups (p = 0.001). A significantly higher degree of acute inflammation was detected (p = 0.0002) in the PC and E1 samples than in the E2 group, in which cryotherapy was administered for 5 minutes. The PC and E1 groups also exhibited significantly greater numbers of neutrophils (p = 0.007), which were essentially absent in both the NC and E2 groups. Conclusions: Cryotherapy administration for 5 minutes reduced the acute inflammation associated with LPS and catheter implantation.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.245-254
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• 2009

In this paper, one kind of subgroup in arbitrary group which similar to the linear subspace was constructed, and the generalization of the Hahn-Banach theorem on this kind of subgroup in arbitrary groups was obtained.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.481-492
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• 2000

As an application of Clifford theory, we are interested in a situation in which every irreducible projective character of a finite group G is an induced character of an irreducible linear character of some subgroup H of G. For this purpose, we study relative projective monomial groups with respect to subgroups.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.137-143
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• 2019

In this paper, we show that $A_4$ is the only finite group with exactly two conjugacy classes of the same size having some non-real linear characters.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2001

Purpose: To evaluate the precision of measurements of distances and angle in the cross-sectional views of linear tomogram of panorama and to assess the technique for visualizing the mandibular canal. Methods: Ten dry mandibles were radiographically examined with 3 continuous cross-sectional views of linear tomogram of panorama and 4 continuous computed tomograms. The distance between the superior border of canal and alveolar crest and the bucco-lingual width of alveolar bone at the level of the superior border of canal and the angle between the two lines above were measured. Measurements were performed by radiologist and implantologist group and compared with measurements on computed radiograms of the same areas. Results: The measurements differences for the distance of alveolar bone height between in panorama and in CT showed 0.9 mm±0.6 mm by radiologists and 1.3mm±0.8mm by implantologists. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups' measurements. The differences in measurements for the distance of alveolar bone width between in panorama and in CT showed 0.5mm±0.8mm by radiologists and 2.5mm±1.4 mm by implantologists. There was significant difference (P<0.05) between two groups' measurements. The average bucco-lingual inclination of alveolar bone above mandibular canal was average 95.8° in CT. The difference of measurements between two groups was average 1±0.9°. Three cross-sectional views of panorama could show that the mandibular canal crosses antero-lingually and slopes inferiorly from the posterior segment of the mandible. Conclusions: The measurements in the linear tomogram of panorama by radiologists gave the accurate values of the distances and the angle compared with the values in computed tomograms.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.391-397
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• 2015

Two hundred and sixteen Institut de S$\acute{e}$lection Animale (ISA) brown layers (40 wks of age) were studied for 6 wks to examine the effect of microalgae powder (MAP) on egg production, egg quality, blood lipid profile, and fatty acid concentration of egg yolk. Dietary treatments were as follows: i) CON (basal diet), ii) 0.5% MAP (CON+0.5% Schizochytrium powder), and iii) 1.0% MAP (CON+1.0% Schizochytrium powder). From 44 to 46 wks, egg production was higher in 1.0% MAP treatment than in control treatment (linear, p = 0.034); however, there was no difference on the egg production from 40 to 43 wks (p>0.05). Serum triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly reduced in the groups fed with MAP, compared to those in groups fed with control diets (Quadratic, p = 0.034 and p = 0.039, respectively). Inclusion of 0.5% MAP in the diet of layers improved egg yolk color, compared with hens fed with basal diet at 46 wks (quadratic, p = 0.044). Eggshell thickness was linearly increased in MAP-fed treatments at 46th wk (p<0.05). Concentration of yolk docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6n-3) was increased in treatment groups fed with MAP (linear, p<0.05). The n-6 fatty acids, n-6/n-3 fatty acid, and unsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid were decreased in treatment groups fed with MAP (linear, p<0.05). These results suggest that MAP improved the egg production and egg quality, and may affect serum lipid metabolites in the layers. In addition, MAP increases yolk DHA levels, and deceases n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.311-329
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• 2010

In this paper we will prove that the groups $D_{p+1}$(2) and $D_{p+1}$(3), where p is an odd prime number, are uniquely determined by their sets of order components. A main consequence of our result is the validity of Thompson's conjecture for the groups $D_{p+1}$(2) and $D_{p+1}$(3).

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.279-285
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• 2020

Let Gr(k, n) be the Grassmann manifold of k-linear sub-spaces in ℂⁿ. We compute rational relative Gottlieb groups of the Plücker embedding i : Gr(2, n) → ℂP^N-1, where N = n(n - 1)/2.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.293-302
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• 2014

In this paper we provide a rigorous proof for the fact that there are exactly 8 connected Alexander quandles of order $2^5$ by combining properties of fixed point free automorphisms of finite abelian 2-groups and the classification of conjugacy classes of GL(5, 2). Furthermore we verify that six of the eight associated Alexander modules are simple, whereas the other two are semisimple.