• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.85-97
• /
• 2011

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parenting styles between generations and the comparative effects of grandfathers' and grandmothers' parenting styles on the parenting styles of parents. The subjects were 299 mothers and fathers of children aged between 2 and 5 years old who attend 9 preschools in Seoul. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regressions. The results show that a strong relationship exists between grandparents' parenting styles and the parenting styles of parents as grandparents' parenting styles predict parents' positive and negative parenting styles. It was also found that the influence of grandmothers' parenting styles on the parenting styles of mothers is stronger than that of grandfathers' parenting styles, but less influence of grandfathers' parenting styles on fathers' parenting styles exists.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.233-249
• /
• 2017

Objective: This study examined the effects of maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior and mothers' self-differentiation and positive parenting behavior on self-concept in late childhood. Methods: A total of 341 $5^{th}$- and $6^{th}$- grade elementary school children and their mothers participated in the study. Children were surveyed regarding perceptions of their mothers' positive parenting behavior and their own self-concept. Mothers responded to questionnaires regarding both positive parenting behavior of their mothers and their own self-differentiation. The data were analyzed using SEM. Results: Maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior had an indirect effect through mothers' self-differentiation and positive parenting behavior on children's self-concept. Mothers who perceived positive parenting behavior in their mothers in their childhood showed positive parenting behavior (as perceived by their children), and those children reported a higher level of self-concept. Mothers who perceived their mother's parenting behavior in their childhood more positively reported a higher level of self-differentiation, and those mothers showed more positive parenting behavior (as perceived by their children), which led to more positive self-concept in children. Conclusion: The findings specify the pathways from maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior to children's self-concept through mothers' self-differentiation and positive parenting behavior in an aspect of the intergenerational transmission of parenting. The findings also emphasize the importance of mothers' positive parenting behavior for positive self-concept in late childhood.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.117-136
• /
• 2014

This study examined the effects of maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior, mothers' emotion regulation, and positive parenting behavior on children's emotion regulation. A total of 348 mothers of fourth and fifth graders responded to questionnaires, which included items related to their mothers' positive parenting behavior, their own emotion regulation and positive parenting behavior, and their children's emotion regulation. The data were analyzed by means of correlations and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). First, maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior significantly affected mothers' emotion regulation, but mothers' emotion regulation did not directly affect their children's emotion regulation. Second, maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior had an effect on mothers' positive parenting behavior, which led to a high level of their children's emotion regulation. Lastly, maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior indirectly influenced children's emotion regulation through mothers' emotion regulation and positive parenting behavior. This study emphasizes the intergenerational transmission of positive parenting, as well as a crucial influence of mothers' positive parenting behavior on children's emotion regulation.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.125-141
• /
• 2017

Objective: This study examined the effects of grandfathers' positive parenting behavior, and fathers' positive parenting behavior on school-age boys' school adjustment. Methods: A total of 217 5th and 6th grade male elementary school students (126 5th graders and 91 6th graders) and their fathers living in Seoul and Gyeongnam province participated in the study. The data were analyzed using correlations, and structural equation modeling. Results: Grandfathers' positive parenting behavior indirectly influenced boys' school adjustment through their fathers' positive parenting behavior. It means that fathers who perceived their fathers' parenting behavior as more positive showed a higher level of positive parenting behavior, which led to a more positive school adjustment for their sons. Conclusion/Implications: These results uncovered the pathways from grandfathers' positive parenting behavior to school-age boys' school adjustment through their fathers' positive parenting behavior in an aspect of the intergenerational transmission of parenting. In addition, these findings have implications for future research of developing intervention programs for school-age boys' school adjustment and parent education programs to facilitate fathers' positive parenting behavior for school-age children's school adjustment.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.42 no.7
• /
• pp.119-129
• /
• 2004

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of maternal materialism and parenting on materialism in adolescents. Moreover, the relative significance of maternal materialism and parenting materialism in adolescents was also explored. The study subjects were 199 (98 male, 101 female) high school students in Seoul and their mothers. The following are the major findings. 1) Maternal materialism was not related with male adolescents' materialism but was with female adolescents'. 2) Maternal support, and open communication were negatively related with female adolescents' materialism while maternal control, and permissiveness were positively related. On the other hand, only maternal control was positively related with male adolescents' materialism. 3) Stepwise regression analysis revealed that maternal support, followed by maternal materialism, was the most important variable affecting female adolescents'. However, for male adolescents, maternal control was the only one variable affecting their materialism.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.35-50
• /
• 2002

The present study explored parenting behaviors of fathers associated with 3 types of aggression in their sons and identified inter-generational pathways of aggression. Subjects were 160 Korean elementary school(5-6th grade) boys and their fathers. Data were gathered via questionnaires. Results were that fathers' use of power assertive control and lack of open communication were positively associated with sons' use of both relational and proactive aggression. Fathers' encouragement of aggressive behavior was associated with sons' reactive aggression. Finally, fathers' aggression was net directly associated with sons' aggression, but was fully mediated by parenting. Results were discussed in terms of implications for the Korean cultural context.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2010

This study examined the complex process of paternal disciplinary practices and identified the factors related to paternal disciplinary practices in an examination of the effects of cumulative risk factors on the ineffective disciplinary practices of fathers. The subjects for this study consisted of 200 fathers of six-year-old children attending childcare centers in Los Angeles. Self-report questionnaires were used to collect data for the following variables: 1) family background characteristics; 2) child temperament; 3) marital & job satisfaction; 4) quality of life; 5) social support; 6) intergenerational transmission of parenting; and 7) paternal disciplinary practices. Descriptive analysis, zeroorder correlations, multiple regression analyses, and chisquare analyses were used for data description and analysis. This study indicates that the characteristics of the child, father, and contextual factors contribute to paternal disciplinary practices.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.38 no.5
• /
• pp.107-120
• /
• 2000

The present study investigated the notion that supportive and harsh parenting might be transmitted across generations. Data for this study were collected from a sample of 421 two-parent families, each of which included a kindergartener. The analyses were conducted separately for the group of fathers and the group of mothers. Descriptive analysis, cronbach's $\alpha$, correlations, and t-tests were used to examine research questions. The findings indicated that 1. There was a difference between fathers and mothers in relation to disciplinary experience in childhood. Mothers perceived their disciplinary experience in childhood more supportive than did fathers. 2. Parents'supportive disciplinary experience in childhood was negatively related to the overreactivity and verbosity of current parental disciplinary practices. 3. Parents'harsh disciplinary experience in childhood was positively related to ineffective parental disciplinary practices at present 4. Fathers who perceived their disciplinary experience in childhood as more supportive exhibited less overreactive and less verbose disciplinary practices while fathers who perceived their disciplinary experience in childhood as more harsh exhibited more overreactive disciplinary practices at present. 5. Mothers who perceived their disciplinary experience in childhood as more supportive exhibited less verbose disciplinary practices while mothers who perceived their disciplinary experience in childhood as more harsh exhibited more ineffective disciplinary practices(including more overreactivity) at present.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.133-158
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of the young children's mothers who participated in Respected Parents & Respected Children(RPRC) through a phenomenological approach. Data were collected from 9 mothers of preschool children using weekly journals, self-reported worksheets, observer's descriptive notes and reflective notes, and semi-structured pre-interviews and post-interviews to share their experiences regarding their participation in the program. From a phenomenological study, that is one of the qualitative analysis methods, 7 theme categories and 16 lower categories emerged. Theme categories were (1) the intrinsic motivation for participation in parent education program, (2) the beginning of change: mother, (3) the beginning of change: children, (4) the lasting conflicts, (5) the absence of positive parent's role model and intergenerational transmission of parenting, (6) the raising parenting efficacy, (7) the emotional supporting experience from parent education program and expectations of the continuous education course. Discussions and the implications for support practices and interventions were provided.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.419-439
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between failure mindset of the mother and adolescent, along with the mediating effects of mother's happiness and mother-adolescents (first and second-year middle school students in Seoul) open communication. For this study, self-reported data of 270 mother-adolescent dyads were analyzed using SPSS and Process macro Model 6. The results revealed that the mother's failure mindset directly predicted their adolescent's failure mindset. The mediating effect of the mother-adolescent open communication was significant, but the mediating effect of the mother's happiness was not significant. However, the mediation effect of the mother's failure mindset on the adolescent's failure mindset through mother's happiness and mother-adolescent open communication was significant. These results suggest that "failure-is-enhancing" mindset of mothers improve their positive affect and parenting skills, which contributes to developing adolescent's belief system about failure. Putting the results together, this study is significant in that it identified the intergenerational relationship of the failure mindset. Besides, the study results serve as a foundation for intervening on the adolescent's failure mindset by verifying the developmental mechanism of the failure mindset.