• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.201-219
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 학교에서 수학을 가르치고 있는 초등교사들과 교육대학교에 재학 중인 예비교사들이 수학 수업에서 수학 지도에 초점을 두는 지식과 수학적 활동에 대해 어떤 신념을 가지고 있는가를 조사 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 수학 지도에 초점을 두는 지식에 대한 15개 문항과 수학 지도에 초점을 두는 수학적 활동에 대한 19개 문항으로 구성된 설문지를 만들었고, 초등교사 114명과 예비교사 100명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 수학 지도에 초점을 두는 지식에서는 예비교사들이 개념적 지식에서 초등교사들보다 높은 점수를 나타내었고, 초등교사들은 절차적 지식과 메타 인지적 지식, 인식적 지식에서 예비교사들보다 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 그리고 수학 지도에 초점을 두는 수학적 활동에서는 지식의 표현, 지식의 생성, 지식의 심의, 지식의 발표에서 예비교사들이 초등교사들보다 높은 점수를 나타내었고, 지식(구문)의 사용에서 만 초등교사들이 예비교사들보다 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 초등교사들과 예비교사들 간에 차이가 있는가를 검증하기 위하여 독립표본 t-검정을 실시한 결과, 유의미한 차이가 나는 수학적 지식과 활동의 항목이 나타났지만, 전체적으로 예비교사들과 초등교사들은 다양한 수학적 지식과 활동을 강조하고 있었다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.599-615
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• 2015

교사의 교육철학은 학교 현장의 교육에 있어서 중요한 역할을 함에도 불구하고, 현 교사 양성 교육과정에서는 교사의 교육철학이 소홀하게 다뤄지고 있다. 교직과목에서 뿐만 아니라 교과교육학 과목에서도 교사의 교육철학이 비중 있게 다뤄질 수 있도록 교육과정을 개선하기 위해서는 우선 예비 교사들의 교육적 신념에 대해 살펴보는 것이 필수적이다. 따라서 본 연구는 수학 예비 교사의 교육 철학과 그것의 하위 영역을 살펴본 후 그 영역들 간의 관계에 대해 논하고자 한다. 수학 교사의 교육철학과 관련한 기존의 연구들은 주로 '교사의 신념'에 대한 것이었으며 연구 방법으로는 설문이나 질문지를 통한 연역적 접근이 대부분이었다. 이 연구들은 공통적으로 수학 교사의 신념을 '수학 본질에 대한 신념', '수학 교수 방법에 대한 신념', 그리고 '수학 학습 방법에 대한 신념'의 세 가지 영역으로 구분하였다. 이렇듯 교사 신념에 대한 세 가지 영역의 구분이 점차 고착화되었고 그 외의 다른 영역이 존재하는가에 대한 연구는 미미하였다. 수학 예비 교사들의 자유 글쓰기를 귀납적인 질적 분석을 통하여 살펴본 결과, 기존의 연구에서 지적되었던 세 가지 영역 외에 '수학 교사의 역할에 대한 신념'과 '수학 교육의 목적에 대한 신념', 그리고 '교직(수학 교사)에 대한 직무 동기' 등이 추가적으로 드러났다. 또한 이 영역들 간에는 유기적인 연관성이 나타났으며 특히 '수학 교육의 목적에 대한 신념'과 '교직의 직무 동기' 영역이 다른 영역에 영향을 미치는 경향을 보였다. 이는 수학 예비 교사들이 가지는 교육 신념의 하위 영역들 간에 독립적 병렬적 관계 외에 원인 결과의 수직적 관계 또한 존재함을 의미한다. 본 연구의 결과는 앞으로 수학 교과 교육학의 과목에서 예비 수학 교사들을 위한 교육철학이 어떻게 다뤄져야 할지에 대해 연구적 교육적 함의를 제공하고 있다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.109-119
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• 1992

The primary purpose of the present study is to provide the sources to improve the mathematical problem solving performance by analyzing the effects of the belief systems and the misconceptions of the middle school students in solving the problems. To attain the purpose of this study, the reserch is designed to find out the belief systems of the middle school students in solving the mathematical problems, to analyze the effects of the belief systems and the attitude on the process of the problem solving, and to identify the misconceptions which are observed in the problem solving. The sample of 295 students (boys 145, girls 150) was drawn out of 9th grade students from three middle schools selected in the Kangdong district of Seoul. Three kinds of tests were administered in the present study: the tests to investigate (1) the belief systems, (2) the mathematical problem solving performance, and (3) the attitude in solving mathematical problems. The frequencies of each of the test items on belief systems and attitude, and the scores on the problem solving performance test were collected for statistical analyses. The protocals written by all subjects on the paper sheets to investigate the misconceptions were analyzed. The statistical analysis has been tabulated on the scale of 100. On the analysis of written protocals, misconception patterns has been identified. The conclusions drawn from the results obtained in the present study are as follows; First, the belief systems in solving problems is splited almost equally, 52.95% students with the belief vs 47.05% students with lack of the belief in their efforts to tackle the problems. Almost half of them lose their belief in solving the problems as soon as they given. Therefore, it is suggested that they should be motivated with the mathematical problems derived from the daily life which drew their interests, and the individual difference should be taken into account in teaching mathematical problem solving. Second. the students who readily approach the problems are full of confidence. About 56% students of all subjects told that they enjoyed them and studied hard, while about 26% students answered that they studied bard because of the importance of the mathematics. In total, 81.5% students built their confidence by studying hard. Meanwhile, the students who are poor in mathematics are lack of belief. Among are the students accounting for 59.4% who didn't remember how to solve the problems and 21.4% lost their interest in mathematics because of lack of belief. Consequently, the internal factor accounts for 80.8%. Thus, this suggests both of the cognitive and the affective objectives should be emphasized to help them build the belief on mathematical problem solving. Third, the effects of the belief systems in problem solving ability show that the students with high belief demonstrate higher ability despite the lack of the memory of the problem solving than the students who depend upon their memory. This suggests that we develop the mathematical problems which require the diverse problem solving strategies rather than depend upon the simple memory. Fourth, the analysis of the misconceptions shows that the students tend to depend upon the formula or technical computation rather than to approach the problems with efforts to fully understand them This tendency was generally observed in the processes of the problem solving. In conclusion, the students should be taught to clearly understand the mathematical concepts and the problems requiring the diverse strategies should be developed to improve the mathematical abilities.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2000

This paper is discussing about the culture of mathematics classroom for problem solving. The mathematics classroom which we have to aim at is where every students make proper belief and attitude about mathematics, and also can express their own idea and make question freely. In that classroom, the students can meet with various problem solving methods and communicate with other students, and then elaborate their own method.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.257-272
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• 2014

This paper examines and presents descriptions of 12 prospective primary teachers' views on the nature of mathematics in USA. All the participants were elementary teacher candidates enrolled in the same mathematics method courses. Interview data show that the prospective primary teachers possess two kinds of views on the nature of mathematics: primarily traditional and even mix of traditional and nontraditional beliefs in terms of Raymond's (1997) belief criteria. Implications for teacher education were discussed at the end of the paper.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.153-167
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• 2013

Mathematics has been stereotyped as a male-dominated subject, and there is considerable evidence to support this belief. There has been much research in the past three decades on gender-related differences in elementrny and secondrny school mathematics. The research found that teachers possess different beliefs about male and female students that influence their teaching behaviour, which then directly or indirectly impact their students' behaviours, beliefs, and achievements in mathematics. Based on data collected from teacher questionnaire surveys in the Chinese Mainland and Hong Kong, this study examines teachers' beliefs about the achievements of boys and girls in mathematics. The study also compares the findings in the two regions surveyed. Results showed that teachers gave more attention to boys than girls, regardless of the teacher's gender. Not only are teachers more likely to recall more boys than girls, but also more boys than girls with average academic standards.

• 아동학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to compare mathematically gifted students with non-gifted students in perception of learning environments, learning ability beliefs, and preference for problem-solving and task. Thirty-seven mathematically gifted students and 75 general students in middle school completed questionnaires about perceptions about mathematics. Data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$ test and t-test. Compared with general students, mathematically gifted students estimated their talents for mathematics higher, studied mathematics more, expended more time and effort to solving difficult problems, put learning mathematics itself as their primary purpose for studying mathematics and regarded inappropriate environments as the major obstacle to mathematics study. Mathematically gifted students perceived their parents' support higher, solved problem creatively, and had higher preference for challenging tasks.

• 아동학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.147-163
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are any differences among kindergarten teachers', primary school teachers', and children's mothers's perceptions-belief, knowledge, practice-about the educational articulation between kindergarten and primary school. The results of this study were as follows; First, there were differences among kindergarten teachers, primary school teachers, and mothers about the belief of articulation content. Second, in the knowledge of educational articulation, kindergarten teachers's understandings of the counterpart's curriculum were higher than that of primary school teachers's. Third, in the practice of educational articulation, kindergarten teachers and mothers were focused language and mathematics learning for educational articulation. But primary school teachers were focused school adjustment.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2000

Mathematical Problem solving has been the focus of a considerable amount of research over past 30 years. But nowadays problem solving is being beginning to be of less interest to mathematics education researchers. Moreover, mathematics teachers have an urgent need to be provided with well-documented informations about "teaching of(expecially, via) problem solving" though following research issues ：ⅰ) the role of the teacher in a problem-centered classroom, ⅱ) what actually takes place in problem-centered classrooms, and iii) groups and whole classes' problem solving rather than individuals. This paper intends to give some informations about practice of teaching mathematical problem solving in elementary school.ry school.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.19-41
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• 2015

Previous studies indicated that students tended to hold less satisfactory beliefs about the discipline of mathematics, beliefs about themselves as learners of mathematics, and beliefs about mathematics teaching and learning. However, only a few studies had developed curricular interventions to change students' beliefs. This study aimed to examine the effect of a problem-solving curriculum (i.e., Mathematical Problem Solving for Everyone, MProSE) on Singaporean Grade 7 students' beliefs about mathematical problem solving (MPS). Four classes (n =142) were engaged in ten lessons with each comprising four stages: understand the problem, devise a plan, carry out the plan, and look back. Heuristics and metacognitive control were emphasized during students' problem solving activities. Results indicated that the MProSE curriculum enabled some students to develop more satisfactory beliefs about MPS. Further path analysis showed that students' attitudes towards the MProSE curriculum are important predictors for their beliefs.