• 생약학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2022

In this study, we investigated anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory efficacy, and identified their constituents from Brassica napus L. (Korean name: Yuchae) whole plant. Upon the anti-oxidative activities screening, the ethanol extract exhibited potent DPPH and ABTS⁺ radical scavenging activities. On the anti-inflammation studies using LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, the extract inhibited the production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) effectively. To identify major constituents of B. napus extract, further purification was performed and led to isolation of two compounds; isorhamnetin 3,7-O-diglucoside(1) and isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside(2). Quantitative analysis by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) determined the flavonoid 1 as the major constituent. Isolated compounds showed DPPH radical scavenging effects and decreased NO levels without causing cell toxicities. These results indicate that the extract of Yuchae, a rich plant resource in Jeju Island, could be potentially applicable as an anti-oxidative and/or anti-inflammatory ingredients.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.686-702
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Schisandrae Fructus, the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill., has traditionally been used as a medicinal herb for the treatment of various diseases, and has proven its various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of Schisandrae Fructus ethanol extract (SF) on inflammatory and oxidative stress in particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. MATERIALS/METHODS: To investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of SF in PM2.5-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, the levels of pro-inflammatory mediator such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the effect of SF, the expression of genes involved in the generation of inflammatory factors was also investigated. We further evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy of SF against PM2.5 in the zebrafish model. RESULTS: The results indicated that SF treatment significantly inhibited the PM2.5-induced release of NO and PGE₂, which was associated with decreased inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. SF also attenuated the PM2.5-induced expression of IL-6 and IL-1β, reducing their extracellular secretion. Moreover, SF suppressed the PM2.5-mediated translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) from the cytosol into nuclei and the degradation of inhibitor IκB-α, indicating that SF exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, SF abolished PM2.5-induced generation of ROS, similar to the pretreatment of a ROS scavenger, but not by an inhibitor of NF-κB activity. Furthermore, SF showed strong protective effects against NO and ROS production in PM2.5-treated zebrafish larvae. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that SF exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects against PM2.5 through ROS-dependent down-regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, and that SF can be a potential functional substance to prevent PM2.5-mediated inflammatory and oxidative damage.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.488-493
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• 2009

Protulaca oleracea, a widely distributed weed, has been reported to exhibit different health promoting effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of P. oleracea on LPS-stimulated AGS cells. The cytotoxicity of P. oleracea in AGS cells was examined by MTT assay. The anti-oxidative effects of P. oleracea were examined by DPPH assay. RT-PCR was carried out to examine the effect of P. oleracea in the mRNA expression of different inflammatory mediators. MTT assay revealed that P. oleracea have almost no cytotoxity in AGS cells. DPPH radical scavenging activities were better than butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT). The mRNA expression of different endogenous anti-oxidative enzymes (SOD2, GPx3 and catalase) were preserved by P. oleracea in AGS cells. The nitric oxide production and expression of iNOS in LPS stimulated RAW264.7 were suppressed in P. oleracea treated groups. Based on these findings, P. oleracea has protective anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2021

Objective : This study was designed to investigate anti-oxidative, anti-aging and anti-inflammatory activities of Zingiber officinale Roscoe water (ZD) and 50% ethanol extracts (ZE). Method : The antioxidant capacity of ZD or ZE was analyzed by DPPH, ABTS scavenging activities and reducing power, respectively. The anti-aging efficacy was performed with tyrosinase and collagenase inhibition activities. The anti-inflammatory activities were confirmed through inhibition of nitric oxide production and TNF-�� expression in LPS-treated Raw 264.7 cells. Result : As a result of measuring DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, both ZD and ZE extracts increased in concentration-dependent manners. The ABTS radical scavenging activities of water and 50% ethanol extract were similar to that of positive control at high concentration. On reducing power, both ZD and ZE showed higher activities than the positive control at high concentration. On inhibition activities of tyrosinase and collagenase both ZD and ZE showed the large inhibition rates at low concentration. Also, the inhibitory efficacy of ZD on NO and TNF-�� production was better than ZE in RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion : These results suggest that ZD and ZE have anti-oxidative, anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. Especially, ZD was more effective than ZE. Thus, Ginger extract is considered to be highly useful as a cosmetic or food material with anti-oxidative, anti-aging (prevention of whitening and wrinkle) and anti-inflammatory effects. Also these effects may vary depending on the extraction solvent.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2015

아위버섯을 혈관계질환 예방과 치료를 위한 기능성 식품 개발에 이용하기 위한 기초 자료를 얻기 위해 아위버섯 물추출물과 유기용매 분획물의 혈전용해활성과 트롬빈 저해활성, 항산화활성 및 항염증활성을 확인하였다. 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 1.33 plasmin unit의 높은 혈전용해 활성과, 94.45%의 높은 트롬빈 저해활성을 나타냈으며, 물 추출물은 37.01%의 항산화활성을 나타냈으며, 클로로포름 분획물은 98.13%의 가장 높은 항염증활성을 나타냈다. 실험 결과로부터 아위버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 높은 혈전용해활성, 트롬빈 저해활성 그리고 클로로포름 분획물은 높은 항염증활성을 나타내 심혈관계 질환 관련 치료나 예방을 위한 기능성식품 개발에 이용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국유기농업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유기농학회 2009년도 하반기 학술대회
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• pp.103-113
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• 2009

유기농 및 일반재배 대두를 다양한 용매에서 추출하여 그 추출물에 대한 항산화 효과, 항염증 효과, 대식세포의 세포사멸 보호 효과, 그리고 알레르기 저해효과를 비교하였다. DPPH 법과 SOD 효소의 활성 측정으로 항산화 능력을 평가하였으며, 항염증 효과는 LPS로 유도시킨 Raw 264.7 세포주에서 염증 매개 단백질인 Cox-2와 iNOS의 발현량을 western blotting으로 조사하여 분석하였다. 또한 대식세포 보호 효과를 세포사멸 조절 단백질인 Bcl-xl의 발현량 조사로 평가하였고, 1 mM $H_2O_2$ 처리로 유도되는 세포사멸의 보호효과를 세포 수 측정법으로 조사하였다. 항알레르기 효과는 흰쥐의 비만세포인 RBL-2H3 세포주를 사용하여 IgE로 매개되는 비만세포의 탈과립화를 OPT assay로 측정하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 일반 재배보다 유기 재배 대두 추출물이 더 좋은 항산화, 세포사멸 보호, 항염증 효과를 나타내었다. 특히 유기농 대두의 열수 추출물은 LPS로 유도시킨 염증반응을 효과적으로 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 항알레르기 효과는 모든 추출물에서 히스타민 유리량이 약간 감소하는 것으로 나타나 유기농과 일반재배의 차이를 확인할 수 없었다. 대두에는 많은 유용한 생리활성물질 뿐 만 아니라 알레르기 유발 물질도 존재하는 것으로 알려져 있지만 조추출물 상태에서는 특이적인 알레르기 유발보다 오히려 항알레르기 효과가 나타났다. 결론적으로, 만성 염증 및 천식, 그리고 아토피피부염과 같은 염증관련 질환에는 유기재배된 대두가 일반 대두보다 좋은 억제 효과를 가지고 있다고 판단된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Doenjang, Korean traditional fermented soybean paste has been reported to have an anti-obesity effect. Because adipose tissue is considered a major source of inflammatory signals, we investigated the protective effects of Doenjang and steamed soybean on oxidative stress and inflammation in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat diet (LF), a high-fat diet (HF), or a high-fat containing Doenjang diet (DJ) or a high-fat containing steamed soybean diet (SS) for 11 weeks. RESULTS: Mice fed a DJ diet showed significantly lower body and adipose tissue weights than those in the HF group. Although no significant differences in adipocyte size and number were observed among the HF diet-fed groups, consumption of Doenjang alleviated the incidence of crown-like structures in adipose tissue. Consistently, we observed significantly reduced mRNA levels of oxidative stress markers (heme oxygenase-1 and $p40^{phox}$), pro-inflammatory adipokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1), macrophage markers (CD68 and CD11c), and a fibrosis marker (transforming growth factor beta 1) by Doenjang consumption. Gene expression of anti-inflammatory adipokine, adiponectin was significantly induced in the DJ group and the SS group compared to the HF group. The anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects observed in mice fed an SS diet were not as effective as those in mice fed a DJ diet, suggesting that the bioactive compounds produced during fermentation and aging may be involved in the observed health-beneficial effects of Doenjang. CONCLUSIONS: Doenjang alleviated oxidative stress and restored the dysregulated expression of adipokine genes caused by excess adiposity. Therefore, Doenjang may ameliorate systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in obesity via inhibition of inflammatory signals of adipose tissue.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2021

Background: This study sought to determine whether the antioxidant effects of astaxanthin (AST) could have an anti-inflammatory effect to reduce inflammation caused by atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: Using a mouse model of AD induced by phtalic acid (PA), the levels of inflammation, inflammatory agents, and evidence of antioxidant activity were examined in PA treated mice (n = 3), PA-AST treated mice (n = 3), and a control group of mice (n = 3). This included measurements of ear thickness, levels of mast cells, IgE, inflammatory cytokine, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide, HO-1, and GPx-1. Results: AST treatment significantly prevented inflammation as measured by ear thickness (p < 0.05), mast cell count (p < 0.001), and IgE concentration in the blood (p < 0.001). Levels of TNF-α (p < 0.001), IL-1β (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p < 0.001), and MDA (p < 0.05) were also significantly lower. In addition, GSH levels increased significantly (p < 0.001), and the level of hydrogen peroxide significantly reduced (p < 0.01). The expression of HO-1, GPx-1 increased. Conclusion: In this small experimental study, AST acted on inflammatory mechanisms that induced AD, through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms, and is a candidate of interest in the clinical treatment of AD.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic and anti-hypertensive effects of six different plant extracts using a N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced rat model of hypertension. All extracts were administered orally for six weeks. At the end of the study period blood pressure, blood flow, aortic histopathology, and hepatic endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression were measured. Subsequently, we also measured the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide (NO), and anti-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. Based on these screening results, we selected extracts of Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) and Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza) for further evaluation. C. cassia and S. miltiorrhiza extracts ameliorated hypertension and atherosclerosis in L-NAME-treated rats in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, a mixture of C. cassia and S. miltiorrhiza had an additive effect to reduce blood pressure, increase blood flow, and normalize aortic tissue. This mixture demonstrated anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. In conclusion, although further analysis of the therapeutic mechanism is required, the anti-hypertensive and anti-atherosclerotic effects of this mixture are likely mediated by increased eNOS expression, and its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 C. pubescens Burkill 에탄올 추출물(CPEE)의 항산화능과 항염증 생리활성을 DPPH 라디칼 소거능, ROS 생성 억제능, NO 소거 활성 등을 통해 분석하였다. 먼저 CPEE의 항산화능을 DPPH 라디칼 소거능으로 분석한 결과 강한 소거능을 보였으며, 좀 더 자세한 항산화능 작용기작을 알아보기 위해 ROS 생성 억제능으로 분석한 결과 농도 의존적으로 강한 ROS 소거능을 보였다. 뿐만 아니라 대표적인 항산화 효소인 HO-1 및 그 전사 인자인 Nrf2의 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 CPEE에 의해 HO-1 및 Nrf2의 발현이 증가됨을 보였다. 한편 CPEE가 LPS에 의해 유도된 NO 생성에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 농도의 존적인 NO 생성 저해능을 보였으며 이는 NO 생성 단백질인 iNOS의 발현 저해에서 기인함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 통해 CPEE의 높은 항산화능과 항염증 활성을 확인하였으며 향후 잠재적인 기능성 소재로서 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.