• Title/Summary/Keyword: Rural Type

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Distribution of Microflora and Mesofauna in the Forest Soils of Gwangneung Experimental Forest (광릉시험림 산림토양의 미생물상 및 중형동물상 분포)

  • Eo, Jinu;Park, Byung Bae;Park, Kee-choon;Chun, Jung Wha
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.100 no.4
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    • pp.681-686
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    • 2011
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of soil biota across forest types and soil depths in Gwangneung Experimental Forest. We selected 5 sites, which are 3 deciduous- and 2 coniferous forests. The abundance of microflora in these areas was analyzed by the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) indicators, and the density of mesofauna was measured by the abundance of nematodes and microarthropods. The abundance of soil microflora was higher in the A layer than in the B layer based on the PLFA indicators, but there were no differences between deciduous and coniferous forests. Average density of nematodes was higher in the A horizon than in the B horizon. The density of fungivorous nematodes was higher in the deciduous forests. Mean densities of Collembola and Oribatida were 44% and 42% of microarthropods in soil samples, respectively. The results of microbial PLFA indicators were significantly correlated with the density of their consumers, which reflected that the food web in fungi- and bacteria-based soil developed in this forests. This study suggested that the distribution of soil organisms largely separated by soil depths and was slightly affected by the forest type in the Gwangneung Experimental Forest.

A Study on the Proposal of the Customized Package through the Priority Analysis of Agricultural Environment Conservation Practices (농업환경보전 실천기술 우선순위 분석을 통한 맞춤형 실천기술 패키지 제안 연구)

  • Son, Min-Hui;Lee, Seul-Bi;Lee, Kyun-Sik;Kim, Tae-Young
    • Journal of agriculture & life science
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    • v.53 no.5
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    • pp.153-165
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    • 2019
  • This paper analyzes the priorities of introducing agricultural environmental conservation practices for the successful introduction of agricultural environmental conservation programs and promotes customized agricultural environment conservation practices packages suitable for the local environment. Agricultural environmental conservation practice consists of three fields: soil, water, and air, nine sub-fields, and 30 practice skills. Using the advantages of AHP and BWS appropriately for priority analysis, three areas and nine sub-fields are measured using AHP techniques, and the practical activities of each fields are measured by priorities using BWS techniques to enhance the differentiation and completeness of research. In addition, the criteria for evaluating priorities of practical activities used 'Environmental effectiveness' and 'Technical feasibility'. As a result of the priority evaluation, the 'Soil testing and reduction of fertilizer and livestock manure application' activities were evaluated as having the highest priority. Based on the results of the priorities for these practical activities, examples of customized practical activity packages by farming type and environmental conditions were presented.

Analysis on Insulation of Wind Environment and Greenhouse Cover Materials Insulation for Advanced Greenhouse Energy Design in Saemangeum Reclaimed Land (새만금 간척지 첨단온실 에너지 설계를 위한 풍환경 및 온실 피복재의 영향 분석)

  • Hyo-Jae Seo;Il-Hwan Seo;Deuk-ha Noh;Haksung Lee
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.57-63
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    • 2023
  • The external weather conditions including temperature and wind speed in the Saemangeum reclaimed land is different from that of the inland, affecting the internal environment of the greenhouse. Therefore, it is important to select an appropriate covering material considering the insulation effect according to the type and characteristics of the covering material considering the weather condition in the Saemangeum reclaimed land. A hexahedral insulation chamber was designed to evaluate the insulation efficiency of each glass-clad material in the outside weather condition in reclaimed land. In order to evaluate the insulation effect of each covering material, a radiator was installed and real-time power consumption was monitored. 16-mm PC (polycarbonate), 16-mm PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), 4-mm greenhouse glass, and 16-mm double-layered glass were used as the covering materials of the chamber. In order to understand the effect of the external wind directions, the windward and downwind insulation properties were evaluated. As a result of comparing the thermal insulation effect of each greenhouse cover material to single-layer glass, the thermal insulation effect of double-layer glass was 16.9% higher, while PMMA and PC were 62.5% and 131.2% higher respectively. On average the wind speed on the windward side was 53.1% higher than that on the lee-wind side, and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the chamber at the wind ward side was found to be 52.0% larger than that on the lee ward side. During the experiment period, the overall heating operation time for PC was 39.2% lower compared to other insulation materials. Showing highest energy efficiency, and compared to PC, single-layer glass power consumption was 37.4% higher.

Co-occurrence of Matsumuraeses falcana and M. phaseoli (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Soybean Fields, and Polymorphism of Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 1 Gene Nucleotide (콩 포장에서 어리팥나방과 팥나방(나비목: 잎말이나방과)의 동시 발생과 시토크롬 c 산화효소 1 유전자 염기서열의 다형성)

  • Jin Kyo, Jung;Eun Young, Kim;Taeman, Han
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.61 no.4
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    • pp.641-649
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    • 2022
  • Leaf-rolling moths were collected from soybean fields and identified as Matsumuraeses falcana and Matsumuraeses phaseoli by comparison with laboratory-reared species based on the nucleotide sequence (658 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 subunit gene (COX1). Ten haplotypes with 0.15-0.46% genetic distance from each other in COX1 were found in 47 samples of M. falcana, in which haplotype A was dominant (approximately 70%). Only one type of COX1 was found in 30 samples of M. phaseoli, and its sequence showed 4.11-4.61% genetic distance from those of M. falcana. Amino acid sequences translated from COX1 were identical in all samples of both species, and they showed synonymous substitutions. Larvae of both species caused damage to soybean leaves and pods and co-occurred simultaneously in the field. The average density of M. falcana was 1.5 times higher than that of M. phaseoli. The results clearly indicate that soybean was the host plant for both species. In addition, Elodia flavipalpis (Diptera: Tachinidae) was found to be a larval parasitoid of Matsumuraeses sp. through identification of the COX1 gene.

Factors Related to the Self Perceived Health Status of Farmers (농업인의 주관적 건강상태 관련 요인)

  • Beomseok Ko;Sangchul Roh;Jeongbae Rhie;Min-Gi Kim;Young-Sun Min
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.48 no.3
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    • pp.178-188
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    • 2023
  • Objective: Self perceived health status dose not only reflects an individual's perception of their overall well-being but is also known to be influenced by various aspects of life. Rural areas tend to have relatively lower quality of life compared to urban areas. Therefore, this study aims to investigate factors related to Self perceived health status among farmers. Methods: In the subjective health status questionnaire, responses of "very healthy" and "healthy" are classified as 'good', whereas "average", "unhealthy" or "very unhealthy" are classified as indicative of a 'poor' subjective health status. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to calculate odds ratios(OR), aiming to investigate factors related to self perceived health status. Results: The OR for self perceived health status as poor was statistically significant for females at 2.32(95% CI 1.47-3.67), for individuals working in greenhouses at 1.43(95% CI 1.01-1.98), for current smoker at 1.50(95% CI 1.02-2.08), and for those who experienced symptoms after pesticide exposure at 1.74(95% CI 1.13-2.67). An annual income of 50 million won or more had a statistically significant OR of 0.51(95% CI 0.28-0.91), education level of high school and above had an OR of 0.45(95% CI 0.32-0.63), and engaging in physical exercise had an OR of 0.61(95% CI 0.42-0.89). Conclusions: The factors related to self perceived health status were identified as sex, smoking, cultivation type, presence of symptoms after pesticide exposure, annual income, education level, and exercise status. The significance of this study lies in providing foundational data for the development of health management programs for farmers.

A Study on the Types and Determinants of Young Farmers: Focusing on Young Farmers in Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do (청년농업인 유형화 및 결정요인 분석: 전남 무안군 청년농업인 중심으로)

  • Hyangmi Yi;Jongha Kim
    • Land and Housing Review
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.107-124
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    • 2024
  • Based on Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do, this study explores how to mitigate the disappearance of rual areas. The study surveyed 95 young farmers in Muan-gun to assess their farming practices and the challenges they face. We further employ factor analysis and cluster analysis classify young farmers in Muan-gun, facilitating the identification of tailored policies or initiatives aimed at fostering and supporting young farmers. The results are summarized as follows. First, Muan County does not have any ordinances or original projects specifically designed to support young farmers. Second, the succession rate of farmland among young farmers in Muan County is 41.1%, which is comparable to the national rate of 43.7%. This indicates that approximately 40% of young farmers in Korea have inherited farmland, a critical foundation for agricultural activities. Third, despite accumulating farming experience, young farmers have not seen any improvement in local living conditions, and rather their difficulties have intensified. Fourth, this study conducted a factor analysis using 21 variables, resulting in the selection of seven common factors for cluster analysis. Consequently, young farmers in Muan County were categorized into three groups. The multinomial logit analysis revealed that the typology of young farmers is influenced by indicators such as cultivated area, farming experience, demand for smart farms, farm income, and farming type (rice cultivation or other). Therefore, to attract young farmers and prevent the decline of rural areas, policy efforts should focus on minimizing entry barriers to farming infrastructure, such as access to farmland, and improving local settlement conditions.

Relationships between Job Stress and Burnout of Primary Health Care Practitioners during COVID-19: A Mixed Methods Study (코로나19 기간 동안 보건진료전담공무원의 직무스트레스와 소진의 관계: 혼합연구방법)

  • Ha, Yeongmi;Yim, Eun Shil;Kim, Youngnam;Choi, Hyunkyoung;Ko, Young-suk;Jung, Mira;Yi, Jee-Seon;Choi, Youngmi; Shin, Eun Ji;Kim, Younkyoung;Lee, Kowoon;Jung, Aeri;Jang, Ji hui;Kim, Da Eun;Kim, Kyeonghui;Shin, So Young;Yang, Seung-Kyoung;Park, Songran
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.25-34
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between job stress and burnout among primary healthcare practitioners during COVID-19 pandemic through mixed methods study. Methods: Data were collected from October to November 2022 using Qualtrix, a web-based survey platform. 1,082 primary health care practitioners participated in the survey. Quantitative data were analyzed using correlation analysis using IBM SPSS/WIN 27.0. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis through open-ended questions. Results: Job stress and burnout among primary healthcare practitioners during COVID-19 were positively correlated. Four categories and seven subcategories were identified. Conclusion: Based on these findings, it is necessary to develop a support system for primary healthcare practitioners according to the type of residential area and the number of peopleto reduce job stress and burnout.

Job Achievement and Job Satisfaction of Dietitian in Elementary School (초등학교 영양사의 직무수행도와 직무만족도)

  • Park, Eun-Jeong;Kim, Gi-Nam
    • Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.163-174
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of this study is to gather basic data on dietitian's general characteristics, working conditions, job achievement and job satisfaction. Thereby, a formulation can be worked out to improve dietitian's job achievement and satisfaction. The study was conducted during one week period, spanning July 23 to July 30, 1998. The method of the study was to distribute 560 questionnaires to the primary school dieticians working in the city of Tae Jun, located in Choong-Cheong Province. Out of 560 questionnaires that was distributed, 327 were returned. Moreover, 318 out of 327 questionnaires that was returned was valid enough to be processed by the SAS Program. About sixty percent of the respondents(61.1%) indicated that they were between 26 to 30 years old. Moreover, approximately half of the respondents(48.8%) were unmarried. In terms of the level of education, the bachelor's degree was reported as the most common education level(56.3%), while 3.8% of the participants reported achieving graduate degrees. The number of years in working in the profession ranged from 2 to 5 years. Furthermore, approximately 74% of the respondents indicated that, on average, they earned over ₩800,000 per month. In terms of the type of the school setting, 52.8% of the respondents worked in the urban setting, whereas, 60.0% worked in the rural school setting. Of these schools, about thirty eight percent(38.7%) of the schools were relatively small sized schools(400 students or less ). In terms of dietitian's sense of job satisfaction, the areas that showed relatively high level of satisfaction was in the menu control work(3.90) and purchase control work(3.90). However, appallingly low job satisfaction was indicated in the areas of personnel management (2.96%), and nutritional education and counsel(2.73%). Furthermore, job satisfaction varied greatly depending on age, wage, type of the food service, and type of school. The highest satisfaction was indicated in the areas of supervisory position(3.42), work itself(3.31%), co-workers(3.11). Other facets that led to job satisfaction were periodic wage increase(2.19%) and promotion opportunities(2.79%). In conclusion dietitian's job achievement showed significant correlation with job satisfaction. The study suggests that, in order to improve the overall job satisfaction of the dieticians, it is necessary to improve the working conditions of dieticians in primary schools. Secondly, there is a necessity for improving the status of the dieticians by raising the salary and treating the dieticians with the same level of respect in comparison with teachers or executive officials. Finally, another way of raising the job satisfaction of the dieticians is to provide opportunity for continuing education. So that, they can further their career in their chosen field.

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Economic Analysis of Korean-type Mobile Carbonization Apparatus for the Field Utilization of Logging Residues (산지폐잔재의 현지 활용을 위한 한국형 조립식 탄화장치의 경제성분석)

  • Chang, Cheol-Su
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.11-19
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    • 2007
  • This study was designed to analyze the economic efficiency that is needed to develop and make practical application of a mobile carbonization apparatus, which are able to make wood charcoals and pyroligneous liquid at the logging field with debris. B/C ratio was employed to make an economic analysis, and sensitivity analysis with respect to change in price and interest rates also was made. Cylindrical type is the proper type for the mobile carbonization apparatus, when important factors such as handling capacity, a carbonization time, quality of products and assembling ability were considered. It weighs 400 kg, and a three-step fold-up equipment. The size of 2 (diameter) by 2.4 m (height) carbonization equipment required 1,500 kg wood debris per batch. A forty-eight to fifty-two carbonization time produced 300 kg of wood charcoal and $45{\ell}$ of pyroligneous liquid. The average life span of the apparatus was 5 years. If the private enterprise operated 100 batch, 80 batch, and 70 batch with one apparatus, the B/C ratio of them was greater than 1, indicating that the production is economically feasible. The period to achieve a break-even point required to be 4 years in case of 100 and 80 batches to 5 years in case of 70 batch. But the private enterprises should operate at least two apparatus for the profits. Also, if the production was to be profitable, the prices of wood charcoals and pyroligneous liquid should be at least 750 won per kg and 700 won per liter.

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Breeding, Genetic Analysis, and Vase-life of Bright Yellow Gerbera Cultivar 'Joyful' for Cut Flower (화색이 선명한 황색 절화용 거베라 '조이풀' 육성과 유전적 분석 및 절화 수명 특성)

  • Chung, Yong-Mo;Lee, Jung-Soo;Lee, Byeong-Jeong;Kwon, Oh-Chang
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.966-976
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    • 2016
  • A new bright yellow gerbera (Gerbera hybrida Hort.) cultivar, 'Joyful', was released by the Flower Research Institute of Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service in 2013. 'Joyful' was developed in Changwon from 2005 to 2006 and is a cross between 'Chowoo', a semi-double type gerbera cultivar with yellow-orange colored flowers, and 'Focus', a semi-double type cultivar with yellow colored flowers. The characteristics trials for selection were conducted from 2007 to 2009. 'Joyful' has large, semi-double type flowers with yellow (RHS, 12-A) ray florets and a brown central part. It also has a stable flower shape, strong peduncles, and a vase life of 12.8 days. The average flower yield of 'Joyful' was determined in greenhouse trials carried out from 2008 to 2010 and is 49.2 stems per plant per year. 'Joyful' was demonstrated to be a new cultivar based on ploidy tests and RAPD analysis and was registered (Grant No. 4574) to the Korea Seed and Variety Service (KSVS) for commercialization in 2013.