• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.191-205
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to explore strategies used by pre-service elementary science teachers in planning a science lesson. The participants were six senior students from a national university of education located in the midwestern area of Korea. Data regarding their planning strategies were gathered through both thinking-aloud and observation. Research findings suggest that: three of the teachers had little understanding of the necessity of reviewing unit contents or prior learning for planning a science lesson; five student teachers relied heavily on learning objectives presented in teachers' guidebooks without considering their appropriateness; all teachers exhibited an intention of composing different activities or teaching approaches from teachers' guidebooks; only two teachers thought about learners' prior knowledge or understanding levels; five and three teachers had poor understanding of discovery learning models and importance of teacher's questioning, respectively; and five teachers paid little attention to assessment.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2015

Previous research on syntactic processing shows that the interpretation of a syntactically ambiguous sentence is frequently strongly biased towards one meaning over another. The current study investigated the effect of bias strength on the production of disambiguating prosody for English ambiguous sentences. In Experiment 1, 40 speakers gave default readings of 18 syntactically ambiguous sentences. Questioning was used to prove intended meanings behind default readings. Intended meanings were treated as interpretation biases when a majority of speakers read a sentence with the same intended meaning. The size of the majority was used to establish bias strength. In Experiment 2, 10 speakers were instructed to use prosody to disambiguate given alternate meanings of the sentences from Experiment 1. The results indicated an effect of bias strength on disambiguating prosody: speakers used temporal juncture cues to reliably disambiguate alternate meanings for sentences with a weak interpretation bias, but not for those with a strong bias. Overall, the results indicated that interpretation biases strongly affect the production of prosody.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.454-460
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 네트워크 환경에서의 외부침입에 대한 효율적인 탐지 구조를 제안하였다. 제안된 탐지구조에서는 각기 고유의 기능과 영역을 갖는 다수의 에이젼트들 사이에 블랙보드 구조를 갖는 협조 에이젼트(Coordination Agent)를 두고 Conflict Resolution 기능과 침입여부 확증 기능을 갖도록 함으로서 False Alarm을 감소시키도록 하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 단순한 시스템 자원의 접근에도 기존 에이전트 방식은 침입이라는 판단을 내릴 수 있는 반면, 블랙보드 시스템은 에이젼트에 대한 적극적인 질의과정을 통해 최종적인 침입의 여부를 판정함으로써 침입 탐지 시스템의 신뢰도를 높일 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.63-92
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• 2020

Student engagement in high-level, cognitively demanding instruction is pivotal for student learning. However, many teachers are unable to maintain such instruction, especially in instances of non-responsive students. This case study of three middle school teachers explores prompts that aim to move classroom discussions past student silence. Prompt sequences were categorized into Progressing, Focusing, and Redirecting Actions, and then analyzed for maintenance of high levels of cognitive demand. Results indicate that specific prompt types are prone to either raise or diminish the cognitive demand of a discussion. While Focusing Actions afforded students opportunities to process information on a more meaningful level, Progressing Actions typically lowered cognitive demand in an effort to get through mathematics content or a specific method or procedure. Prompts that raise cognitive demand typically start out as procedural or concrete and progress to include students' thoughts or ideas about mathematical concepts. This study aims to discuss five specific implications on how teachers can use prompting techniques to effectively maintain cognitively challenging discourse through moments of student silence.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.231-236
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• 2021

The purpose and hypothesis of the article was the need to solve the following research tasks: Analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the research problem. To identify and experimentally test the effectiveness of organizational and pedagogical conditions affecting the creative self-development of a distance learning student. Research methods: analysis of philosophical and psychological-pedagogical literature on the problem under study; pedagogical experiment; modeling, questioning, testing, analysis of the products of students' creative activity (essays, creative works, creative projects) and the implementation of educational tasks, conversations, observations.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2022

In the article, in connection with the goal and the hypothesis put forward, the following tasks were formulated: Based on the analysis of literature and existing pedagogical experience, the possibilities, features and pedagogical conditions for the use of educational telecommunication projects were specified. The selection of topics and content of educational telecommunication projects for use has been carried out. Research methods: theoretical analysis of psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature, projects of educational standards in computer science and information technology, study of the state of the problem in teaching practice, questioning.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2022

The article analyzes the main theoretical approaches to the formation of managerial competencies and establishes the degree of development of the problem. The content of the concept of "managerial competence" has been clarified, to determine the structure of managerial competencies of a future specialist in the education system and indicators of the formation of managerial competencies. The organizational and pedagogical conditions necessary for the effective process of forming the managerial competencies of future specialists are revealed. The following research methods were used in the work: theoretical (analysis of regulatory documents and scientific literature on the problem under study, comparison, generalization, modeling), empirical (diagnostics of the level of formation of managerial competencies of students of the system, questioning, observation, peer review, comparative qualitative and quantitative analysis of diagnostic results the level of formation of managerial competencies).

• 수완나부미
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.31-52
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• 2022

Derived from the juxtapositional model of Comparative Literature, this article analyzes two movies, The Story of Pao (Chuyện của Pao, directed by Ngô Quang Hải) and Into the Wild (directed by Sean Penn), using eco-criticism and focusing on two specific aspects: looking for the relationship between "culture" and "nature" and questioning the ideology that puts people at the center of the natural world. Specifically, the article points out similar tones in discovering and praising the beauty of nature, and at the same time, focuses on explaining the "disagreement" and "harmony" in behaviors of different communities towards Mother Nature in these two films. Finally, The Story of Pao and Into the Wild are both read as discourses that participate in the repositioning of human beings in the natural world. The purpose of juxtaposition, therefore, is to seek a new existential dimension for the works, providing an opportunity to uncover and reveal hidden layers of meaning of each text.

• 수완나부미
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-88
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• 2020

Two utilitarian and symbolic objects associated with womanhood in Cambodian culture are the stove and the pot. The pot is a symbol of both the womb and female sexuality; the stove is a symbol of gendered feminine labor. This article argues that the sexist representations of the Khmer female body by modern Cambodian male artists demonstrate an inherited legacy of Orientalist stereotypes. These images were formed : under French colonialism and often depict Khmer women as erotic/exotic native Others. Starting in the 1970s, however, if not earlier, Cambodian women began to question the gendering of social roles that confined them to domestic space and labor. This form of social questioning was especially present in pop songs. In recent years, contemporary Cambodian woman artists such as Neak Sophal and Tith Kanitha have made use of rice pots and stoves in their art as freighted symbols of femininity. Neak created an installation of rice pots from different households in their village, while Tith rebelled against this gendered role by destroying cooking stoves as an act of defiance against patriarchy in her performance art.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.346-358
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• 2021

Secondary neurulation is a morphological process described since the second half of the 19th century; it accounts for the formation of the caudal spinal cord in mammals including humans. A similar process takes place in birds. This form of neurulation is caused by the growth of the tail bud region, the most caudal axial region of the embryo. Experimental work in different animal species leads to questioning dogmas widely disseminated in the medical literature. Thus, it is clearly established that the tail bud is not a mass of undifferentiated pluripotent cells but is made up of a juxtaposition of territories whose fate is different. The lumens of the two tubes generated by the two modes of neurulation are continuous. There seem to be multiple cavities in the human embryo, but discrepancies exist according to the authors. Finally, the tissues that generate the secondary neural tube are initially located in the most superficial layer of the embryo. These cells must undergo internalization to generate the secondary neurectoderm. A defect in internalization could lead to an open neural tube defect that contradicts the dogma that a secondary neurulation defect is closed by definition.