• Title/Summary/Keyword: Primary Si

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Treatment of Malignant Melanoma by Downregulation of XIAP and Overexpression of TRAIL with a Conditionally Replicating Oncolytic Adenovirus

  • Li, Xin-Qiu;Ke, Xian-Zhu;Wang, Yu-Ming
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.1471-1476
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    • 2012
  • Background and Aim: Currently available systemic therapies for malignant melanoma produce low response rates in patients, and more effective treatment modalities are clearly needed. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand has a significant impact on therapy for patients with X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein-downregulation malignant melanoma. The primary objective of this study was to assess its therapeutic potential. Materials and Methods: We employed a conditionally replicating oncolytic adenoviral vector, named CRAd5.TRAIL/siXIAP, with the characteristics of over-expression of the therapeutic gene TRAIL and downregulation of XIAP in one vector. B16F10-luc cells were employed to detect anti-tumor activity of CRAd5.TRAIL/siXIAP in vitro and in vivo. Results: CRAd5.TRAIL/siXIAP enhanced caspase-8 activation and caspase-3 maturation in B16F10 cells in vitro. Furthermore, it more effectively infected and killed melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo than other adenoviruses. Conclusion: Taken together, the combination of upregulation of TRAIL and downregulation of siXIAP with one oncolytic adenoviral vector holds promise for development of an effective therapy for melanomas and other common cancers.

Optimal Stiffness Estimation of Composite Decks Model using System Identification (System Identification 기법을 이용한 복합소재 바닥판 해석모델의 최적강성추정)

  • Seo, Hyeong-Yeol;Kim, Doo-Kie;Kim, Dong-Hyawn;Cui, Jintao;Park, Ki-Tae
    • Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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    • 2007.04a
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    • pp.565-570
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    • 2007
  • Fiber reinforced polymer(FRP) composite decks are new to bridge applications and hence not much literature exists on their structural mechanical behavior. As there are many differences between numerical displacements through static analysis of the primary model and experimental displacements through static load tests, system identification (SI)techniques such as Neural Networks (NN) and support vector machines (SVM) utilized in the optimization of the FE model. During the process of identification, displacements were used as input while stiffness as outputs. Through the comparison of numerical displacements after SI and experimental displacements, it can note that NN and SVM would be effective SI methods in modeling an FRP deck. Moreover, two methods such as response surface method and iteration were proposed to optimize the estimated stiffness. Finally, the results were compared through the mean square error (MSE) of the differences between numerical displacements and experimental displacements at 6 points.

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Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 Alloy Nanopowder Fabricated by a Chemical Etching Method and Milling Procedure

  • Hong, Seong-Min;Kim, Jeong-Gon;Kim, Cheol-Gi
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.71-74
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    • 2009
  • The magnetic and structural properties of FINEMET (the Hitachi product name of the Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu alloy) nanopowder with a composition of $Fe_{73.5}Si_{13.5}B_9Nb_3Cu_1$ atomic percent were investigated after annealing, chemical etching, and mechanical milling. The primary and secondary crystallization temperatures were 523 and $550^{\circ}C$, respectively. The grain size of the particles was adjusted by annealing time. Optimally annealed particles exhibited a homogenous microstructure composed of nanometer-sized crystalline grains. The grain boundary of the annealed particles was etched preferentially by chemical etching. Chemically etched particles were broken at the grain boundary by high-energy ball milling. As a result, a nanometer-sized FINEMET powder with a uniform size of crystalline grains was fabricated.

Enhancement of Wear and Corrosion Resistances of Monocrystalline Silicon Wafer (단결정 실리콘 웨이퍼의 내마모성 및 내식성 향상을 관한 연구)

  • Urmanov, B.;Ro, J.S.;Pyun, Y.S.;Amanov, A.
    • Tribology and Lubricants
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.176-182
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    • 2019
  • The primary objective of this study is to treat a monocrystalline silicon (Si) wafer having a thickness of $279{\mu}m$ by employing the ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) technology for improving the efficiency and service life of nano-electromechanical systems (NEMSs) and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMSs) by enhancing of wear and corrosion resistances. The wear and corrosion resistances of the Si wafer were systematically investigated before and after UNSM treatment, wherein abrasive, oxidative and spalling wear mechanisms were applied to the as-received and subsequently UNSM-treated Si wafer. Compared to the asreceived state, the wear and corrosion resistances of the UNSM-treated Si wafer are found to be enhanced by about 23% and 14%, respectively. The enhancement in wear and corrosion resistances after UNSM treatment may be attributed to grain size refinement (confirmed by Raman spectroscopy) and modified surface integrity. Furthermore, it is observed that the Raman intensity reduced significantly after UNSM treatment, whereas neither the Raman shift nor new phases were found on the surface of the UNSM-treated Si wafer. In addition, the friction coefficient values of the as-received and UNSM-treated Si wafers are found to be about 0.54 and 0.39, respectively. Hence, UNSM technology can be effectively incorporated as an alternative mechanical surface treatment for NEMSs and MEMSs comprising Si wafers.

Electronic properties of monolayer silicon carbide nanoribbons using tight-binding approach

  • Chuan, M.W.;Wong, Y.B.;Hamzah, A.;Alias, N.E.;Sultan, S. Mohamed;Lim, C.S.;Tan, M.L.P.
    • Advances in nano research
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.213-221
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    • 2022
  • Silicon carbide (SiC) is a binary carbon-silicon compound. In its two-dimensional form, monolayer SiC is composed of a monolayer carbon and silicon atoms constructed as a honeycomb lattice. SiC has recently been receiving increasing attention from researchers owing to its intriguing electronic properties. In this present work, SiC nanoribbons (SiCNRs) are modelled and simulated to obtain accurate electronic properties, which can further guide fabrication processes, through bandgap engineering. The primary objective of this work is to obtain the electronic properties of monolayer SiCNRs by applying numerical computation methods using nearest-neighbour tight-binding models. Hamiltonian operator discretization and approximation of plane wave are assumed for the models and simulation by applying the basis function. The computed electronic properties include the band structures and density of states of monolayer SiCNRs of varying width. Furthermore, the properties are compared with those of graphene nanoribbons. The bandgap of ASiCNR as a function of width are also benchmarked with published DFT-GW and DFT-GGA data. Our nearest neighbour tight-binding (NNTB) model predicted data closer to the calculations based on the standard DFT-GGA and underestimated the bandgap values projected from DFT-GW, which takes in account the exchange-correlation energy of many-body effects.

A Study on the Industrial Economic-Importance Index of Minerals in Korea (한국의 광물자원 산업적 경제중요도 지수 산정 연구)

  • Yujeong Kim
    • Resources Recycling
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.60-66
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    • 2023
  • As supply chain management becomes a key factor in the sustainable growth of the industry, securing minerals at the national or corporate level is becoming important. Depending on the industrial structure, the economic status of each minerals is different and the supply risk is different In this study, to examine the economic status of minerals, an index that can quantify the Industrial Economic Importance by minerals was developed and calculated by reflecting the demand structure and cost weight of each industry. As a result, Li, Al, Cu, Si, Co, Ni, etc. were evaluated as having high industrial importance in Korea. In addition, by industry, Al, Cu, Zn, and Pb for primary metal manufacturing, general machinery, assembly metals,Sn, Ba, Ti, Si and Ga for precision equipment, Si and Ga for semiconductors, and Li, Ni, Co, Si, etc. for electronic components had high industrial importance. Such as Europe and the United States, in order to select Critical-minerals, Korea will need to analyze the economic impact on the domestic industry as well as the risks of supply chain by minerals.

Chemical Variability of Leaf Cuticular Waxes According to Leaf Position in Tea Tree

  • Kim, Kwan-Su;Song, Yeon-Sang;Moon, Youn-Ho;Park, Si-Hyung
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.51 no.spc1
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    • pp.297-303
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    • 2006
  • Cuticular waxes on tea (Camellia sinensis L.) loaves consisted mainly of alkanes, fatty acids, primary alcohols, triterpenes, and a group of unknown compounds, dominated by primary alcohols and triterpenes. Tea tree accessions used in this study were M-1, M-2, Sakimidori, and Yabukita. For all accessions, the alkane, fatty acid, and primary alcohol constituents consisted of a homologues series, and the major constituents of primary alcohol class were the C28 and C30 homologues. Triterpenes consisted of friedelin, $\beta-amyrin$, and three unidentified ones and friedelin was the most abundant. Leaf area and the total amounts of cuticular waxes per leaf increased with lower leaf position from the apical bud in Yabukita variety. With different leaf position, total wax amount per unit leaf area on the youngest leaves of P1 (the uppermost leaf position) showed the largest amount $(12.80{\mu}g/cm^2)$, and on mature loaves of P2 to P6 ranged from 7.08 to $7.77{\mu}g/cm^2$, and then on the oldest loaves of P7 (the lowest leaf position) remained at an increased level $(17.53{\mu}g/cm^2)$. During leaf development (lower leaf position), the amount of primary alcohols decreased from P1 to P6 and increased at P7, whereas that of triterpenes increased from P1 to P7. The percentage of each wax class in the total wax amount occurred a decrease in primary alcohol and an increase in triterpene, with leaf age.

A Case of Monophasic Fibrous Synovial Sarcoma Confirmed Primary Pulmonary Origin by 18F-FDG PET/CT (PET/CT로 폐에서 기원한 것을 확인한 원발성 단상성 섬유성 활막육종 1예)

  • Lee, Eun A;Lee, Do Young;Kwag, Hyon Joo;Kim, Min Kyung;Oh, Tae Yun;Lim, Si Young;Lim, Seong Yong
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.60 no.6
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    • pp.673-677
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    • 2006
  • Most malignant mesenchymal tumors of the lung are metastases of a primary tumor from elsewhere in the body. A primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma is a very rare neoplasm that accounts for approximately 10% of soft tissue sarcomas and makes up only 0.5% of all primary lung malignancies. We report a case of a primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma in a 60-year old woman. In this case, a lung metastasis was excluded using 18F-FDG PET /CT imaging.

Phase Formation Behavior and Charge-discharge Properties of Carbon-coated Li2MnSiO4 Cathode Materials for Lithium Rechargeable Batteries (리튬이차전지용 탄소 코팅된 Li2MnSiO4 양극활물질의 상형성 거동 및 충방전 특성)

  • Sun, Ho-Jung;Chae, Suman;Shim, Joongpyo
    • Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.143-149
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    • 2015
  • Carbon-coated $Li_2MnSiO_4$ powders as the active materials for the cathode were synthesized by planetary ball milling and solid-state reaction, and their phase formation behavior and charge-discharge properties were investigated. Calcination temperature and atmosphere were controlled in order to obtain the ${\beta}-Li_2MnSiO_4$ phase, which was active electrochemically, and the carbon-coated $Li_2MnSiO_4$ active material powders with near single phase ${\beta}-Li_2MnSiO_4$ could be fabricated. The particles of the synthesized powders were secondary particles composed of primary ones of about 100 nm size. The carbon incorporation was essential to enable the Li ions to be inserted and extracted from $Li_2MnSiO_4$ active materials, and the initial capacity of 192 mAh/g could be obtained in the $Li_2MnSiO_4$ active materials with 4.8 wt% of carbon.

Relationships between Job Stress and Burnout of Primary Health Care Practitioners during COVID-19: A Mixed Methods Study (코로나19 기간 동안 보건진료전담공무원의 직무스트레스와 소진의 관계: 혼합연구방법)

  • Ha, Yeongmi;Yim, Eun Shil;Kim, Youngnam;Choi, Hyunkyoung;Ko, Young-suk;Jung, Mira;Yi, Jee-Seon;Choi, Youngmi; Shin, Eun Ji;Kim, Younkyoung;Lee, Kowoon;Jung, Aeri;Jang, Ji hui;Kim, Da Eun;Kim, Kyeonghui;Shin, So Young;Yang, Seung-Kyoung;Park, Songran
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.25-34
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between job stress and burnout among primary healthcare practitioners during COVID-19 pandemic through mixed methods study. Methods: Data were collected from October to November 2022 using Qualtrix, a web-based survey platform. 1,082 primary health care practitioners participated in the survey. Quantitative data were analyzed using correlation analysis using IBM SPSS/WIN 27.0. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis through open-ended questions. Results: Job stress and burnout among primary healthcare practitioners during COVID-19 were positively correlated. Four categories and seven subcategories were identified. Conclusion: Based on these findings, it is necessary to develop a support system for primary healthcare practitioners according to the type of residential area and the number of peopleto reduce job stress and burnout.