• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2017

This study investigated the mechanical tearing of a cell membrane using a nanostructured alumina filter for easy and quick mechanical cell disruption. Nanostructured alumina filters were prepared by a multi-step aluminum anodizing process and nanopore etching process. Six different types of nanostructures were formed on the surface of the nanoporous alumina filters to compare the mechanical cell disruption characteristics according to the shape of the nanostructure. The prepared alumina filter was assembled in a commercial filter holder, and then, NIH3T3 fibroblast cells in a buffer solution were passed through the nanostructured alumina filter at a constant pressure. By measuring the concentration of proteins and DNA, the characteristics of mechanical cell disruption of the nanostructured alumina filter were investigated.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

To overcome the stability problem of hydrophilic quantum dot (Q-dot), cellular uptake of hydrophobic instead of hydrophilic Q-dot was studied in the hope to find a simple method to use Q-dot as a cellular imaging probe. Hydrophobic Q-dot and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) were co-dissolved in chloroform to prepare stable films. Due to the cellular compatibility of PLLA, adherent cells were cultured on the film to observe the degree of Q-dot uptake and cytotoxicity of the prepared films. The results show that Q-dots were absorbed into NIH3T3 and EMT6 cells. Cellular uptake was also observed when hydrophobic Q-dots were coated directly on a glass plate. PLLA/Q-dot film and Q-dot coated on glass plate did not show major cytotoxicity. In vivo tumor model was also used to show the uptake of Q-dot from the PLLA/Q-dot film to the tumor site.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2009

Centrobin/Nip2 was initially identified as a centrosome protein that is critical for centrosome duplication and spindle assembly. In the present study, we determined the expression and subcellular localization of centrobin in selected mouse tissues. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the centrobin-specific band of 100 kDa was detected in all tissues tested but most abundantly in the thymus, spleen and testis. In the testis, centrobin was localized at the centrosomes of spermatocytes and early round spermatids, but no specific signal was detected in late round spermatids and elongated spermatids. Our results also revealed that the centrosome duplication occurs at interphase of the second meiotic division of the mouse male germ cells. The centrobin protein was more abundant in the mitotically active ovarian follicular cells and thymic cortex cells than in non-proliferating corpus luteal cells and thymic medullary cells. The expression pattern of centrobin suggests that the biological functions of centrobin are related to cell proliferation. Consistent with the proposal, we observed reduction of the centrobin levels when NIH3T3 became quiescent in the serum-starved culture conditions. However, a residual amount of centrobin was also detected at the centrosomes of the resting cells, suggesting its role for maintaining integrity of the centrosome, especially of the daughter centriole in the cells.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.288-293
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• 2007

The conversion of mitotic chromosome into interphase chromatin consists of at least two separate processes, the decondensation of the mitotic chromosome and the formation of the higher-order structure of interphase chromatin. Previously, we showed that depletion of BAF53 led to the expansion of chromosome territories and decompaction of the chromatin, suggesting that BAF53 plays an essential role in the formation of higher-order chromatin structure. We report here that BAF53 is associated with mitotic chromosomes during mitosis. Immunostaining with two different anti-BAF53 antibodies gave strong signals around the DNA of mitotic preparations of NIH3T3 cells and mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). The immunofluorescent signals were located on the surface of mitotic chromosomes prepared by metaphase spread. BAF53 was also found in the mitotic chromosome fraction of sucrose gradients. Association of BAF53 with mitotic chromosomes would allow its rapid activation on the chromatin upon exit from mitosis.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.520-528
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• 2019

Objectives: This study assessed the cytotoxicity of the metallic mordant cupric acetate (CA) and the protective effect of Albizzia julibrissin (AJ) leaf extract on CA-induced cytotoxicity in NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Methods: For this study, cell viability and antioxidative effects such as the inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation (LP) and superoxide anion-radical (SAR) scavenging activity were assessed. Results: CA significantly decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, and the $XTT_{50}$ value was measured as $55.0{\mu}M$ of CA. The cytotoxicity of CA was determined as highly toxic by Borenfreund and Puerner's toxic criteria. The catalase antioxidant significantly increased cell viability diminished by CA-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures. Regarding the protective effect of AJ leaf extract on CA-induced cytotoxicity, AJ leaf extract remarkably increased the SAR scavenging ability and the inhibitory ability of LP. From these findings, it is suggested that oxidative stress is involved in the cytotoxicity of CA, and AJ leaf extract effectively protected CA-induced cytotoxicity via antioxidative effects. Conclusions: Natural resources like AJ leaf extract may be a putative therapeutic agent for treatment or alleviation of the toxicity induced by CA metallic mordant.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.157-167
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• 2022

In this study, we investigated the effects of heptapeptide on cellular activation and inhibition of cellular damage induced by photoaging condition in NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) expression were induced by heptapeptide. The reduced cell viability under photoaging condition through ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation was increased by heptapeptide. And UVA-induced apoptosis, matrix metalloproteinases-1 (MMP-1) expression, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were decreased by heptapeptide. In addition, the inhibition of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/smad signaling under UVA irradiation which resulting in reduction of ECM expression was also recovered by heptapeptide. We also tested the effect of heptapeptide under another photoaging condition through heat shock, and pre-treatment of heptapeptide prevented the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and MMP-1 expression induced by heat shock. From these results, it has been shown that the heptapeptide has protective effects on fibroblasts through the up-regulation of cellular activity and through the decreasing of intracellular ROS level induced by UVA irradiation or heat shock. It is expected that the dermal protection effect of heptapeptide can be applied as a new cosmetic material in the future.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 2009

PDMS was selected for a coating material of implantable biosensors and the cytotoxicity of extracts released from a polymer was evaluated using ISO 10993-5, Biological evaluation of medical devices-Part 5: Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity. Organo-tin was used as a positive control and a medium without serum was used as a negative control. Materials extract were prepared by incubating specimens in RPMI medium without serum ($125{\mu}L/cm^2$) for 24 h, 1 week and 6 weeks at $38^{\circ}C$. The evaluation of cytotoxicity was performed by two different methods : 1) seeding cells with extracts at the beginning 2) incubating extracts with cell sheets already formed on the plate. Both cell morphology and MTT numerical data were shown for the confirmation of cytotoxicity and cell spreading on the surface of PDMS.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1314-1319
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• 2009

In previous study, we have shown that continentalic acid (CA) isolated from Aralia continentalis induced the growth inhibition and apoptosis in HepG2 cells. In this study, we examine the effects of CA from A. continentalis on growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in human leukemia HL-60 and mouse fibroblast NIH 3T3 cell lines. The results demonstrated that CA decreased cell growth of leukemia HL-60 cells but not human HaCaT keratinocytes, assessed with the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) assay. Flow cytometric analysis of mouse fibroblast cell lines exposed to CA showed that apoptotic cells increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Treatment with CA decreased the number of normal cells and increased the number of early apoptotic and late apoptotic cells in a dose-dependent manner. The induction of apoptosis in mouse cell lines by CA was mediated through the activation of caspase-3, Bak, and Bax and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. Our results suggest that CA efficiently induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.281-288
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• 2010

In this study, we investigated anti-oxidative effects of Duchesnea indica extracts by using Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC). The extracts were prepared with 0 %, 30 %, 50 %, 70 % and 100 % aqueous ethanol respectively. The 30 % EtOH D. indica extract showed higher ORAC activity than the other extracts. Therefore, we performed in vitro studies on cytotoxicity of NIH-3T3 cells and MMP-8 collagenase inhibition using by the 30 % EtOH extract. The 30 % EtOH extract showed no cytotoxicity and significant inhibition on MMP-8 collagenase. And we performed clinical studies for the anti-wrinkle effect of the Di-Wrinkle Free Cream. The cream formula was prepared with 2 % arbutin and 1 % D. indica extract. Twenty one healthy women volunteers, ages of 35 and 50, applied the cream on their faces twice a day for 8 weeks. The skin was evaluated with PRIMOS (phaseshift rapid in vivo measuring of human skin) system and analyzed by the student's paired t-test. The wrinkles on the eye region were reduced by 13 % based on the PRIMOS system after 8 weeks. In the safety study of the Di-Wrinkle Free Cream, no symptoms were observed such as erythema, edema, scaling, itching, stinging, burning, tightness and prickling by visual observation and medical examination of volunteers for 8 weeks. Moreover, there was no noticeable skin disorder during experience period. These results suggested that D. indica extracts could be applied as cosmeceuticals effective for anti-wrinkle.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.593-599
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• 1999

In this study, optimal conditions to infect CD34 positive cells containing hematopoietic stem cells obtained from cord blood and bone marrow were found using two different retroviral vectors expressing human growth hormone (hGH) and $\beta$-galactosidase. CD34 positive cells were successfully infected with recombinant retroviruses only when the CD34 positive cells were co-cultured with packaging cells secreting recombinant retroviruses. To find the highest infection efficiency for the gene transfer, CD34 positive cells from cord blood were co-cultured with packaging cells secreting recombinant retroviruses encoding E. coli lacZ gene. The highest infection efficiency was obtained when CD34 positive cells were cultured for 3 days, and then co-culturing was done for another 2 days. When CD34 positive cells from bone marrow were co-cultured with packaging cells secreting recombinant retroviruses encoding hGH gene, the maximum amount of hGH was also secreted at the same conditions found above, i.e. 3 days of culture and 2 days of co-culture. These results show that there are optimal conditions for the gene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells regardless of sources of target cells or retroviral vectors used to infect.