• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2009

In early 1970s, Electronic Manometers were researched and developed for modernization and objectification of pulse diagnosis. Method of finger pressing, also known as cuffs pressing, is essential for sensing a pulse wave. I think comprehension and deduction of problem from the existing Hi-soo type electronic manometer, will be important for making a better one. The Hi-soo type electronic manometer is constructed of cuff pressing type sensor, differential amplifier, transmitter and recorder. Pulse movement and pulse wave, gauging blood flow, is analyzed by pulse image of "Yixuerumen(醫學入門)". At standard of pulse wave, huanmai(緩脈) is distinguish from chishu(slow and fast, 遲數), fushen(float and sink, 浮沈), interference wave, modificated wave, and phase angel. The Hi-soo type electronic manometer had no explanation of formational mechanism, significantly different with pulse wave which is early known and reported. The strength of Hi-soo type electric manometer is use of cuff pressing type sensor. Above all, the importance of electric manometer is reading the pulse movement accurately then expressing it as pulse wave. From now on the improvement of precise sensor should make a progress.

• 전기의세계
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.519-523
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• 1980

The traditional mechanical manometer is improved to develop more convenient and precise manometer in continuous measurement of the gas pressure in medium-low vacuum range (1x10$^{-1}$ -10 Torr.) Glass (solid) is used as a detector material of the improved manometer. Using the strain gauge adhered to thin glass board, mechanical strain corresponding to variation of pressure in measurement system is converted into quantity of electricity, and the quantity of electricity is amplified. Experiments have also shown that the improved manometer have more advantages in reproducibility, measured sensibility, and responsible velocity than taditional one.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.313-321
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• 2011

The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) has three major vacuum systems: an ultrasonic interferometer manometer (UIM), a static volume expansion system (SVES), and an orifice-type dynamic expansion system (ODES). For each system explict measurement model equations with multiple variables are respectively given. According to ISO standards, all these system variables errors were used to calculate the expanded uncertainty (U).

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.103-112
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• 2014

The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) has three major vacuum systems: an ultrasonic interferometer manometer (UIM; Section II, Figs. 1 and 2) for a low vacuum, a static expansion system (SES; Section III, Figs. 3 and 4) for a medium vacuum, and an orifice-type dynamic expansion system (DES, Section IV, Figs. 5 and 6) for high and ultra-high vacuum systems. For each system, explicit measurement model equations with multiple variables are given. According to ISO standards, all of these system variable errors were used to calculate the expanded uncertainty (U). For each system, the expanded uncertainties (k = 1, confidence level = 95%) and relative expanded uncertainty (expanded uncertainty/generated pressure) levels are summarized in Table 4. Within the uncertainty limits, our bilateral and key comparisons [CCM.P-K4 (10 Pa to 1 kPa)] are extensive and in good agreement with those of other nations (Fig. 8 and Table 5).

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.184-185
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• 2005

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.212-221
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• 2013

Objectives: Asbestos fibers are accumulated in negative pressure unit (NPU) or vacuum cleaner in asbestos removal. Failure of operation or poor use performance of the NPU or vacuum cleaner causes asbestos fibers to spread in the air. Asbestos contractors should have an NPU fitted with a HEPA , vacuum cleaner, decontamination area, respirators, wetting equipment, and differential pressure manometer to register with the Ministry of Employment and Labor. There should be performance criteria of equipment used in asbestos removal. But there are none such criteria used in asbestos removal. This study was performed to investigate international or national performance criteria of equipment used in asbestos removal. Methods: Regulations, approved code of practice, guidance and national standards of the UK, USA and Korea were reviewed. A survey was done to investigate the requirements for equipment used in asbestos removal in Korea. Results: Air flow of NPUs used in Korea usually covers from$500m^3/h$ to over $3000m^3/h$. Some requirements for NPUs used in Korea were missing compared to the requirements of British standards for NPUs. All NPUs have different missing requirements. The UK also has separate British standard for leak tests for NPUs. Highly hazardous class vacuum cleaners should be used in asbestos removal in the UK. It has national standards on the operation of vacuum cleaners used in asbestos removal. There is only a certification system for less than 2.5kw rated voltage vacuum cleaners for home use in Korea. Powered (-assisted) respirators with mask are recommended in asbestos removal. Type 5 coveralls should be used in asbestos removal in the UK. There are international standards for requirements and leak tests of type 5 coveralls. A manometer for measuring differential pressure is needed in asbestos removal. The manometer's measuring range should cover less than ${\pm}125$ Pa and the gradation of manometer should be less than 2.5 Pa. The definition of decontamination area should be corrected. Installation of airlock and minimum area should be considered in decontamination area. Conclusions: Equipment should be used in asbestos removal proper performance and no leaks. There should be a certification system for equipment used in asbestos removal. This study can help to a certification system for equipment used in asbestos removal in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.190-195
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• 2001

Flow patterns are very complex and interactive between cylinders. The patterns are turbulent and non-linear caused by various factors. In this paper, flow patterns and pressure gradient around vertical cylinders were investigated by experiment. Changing gaps between cylinders the flow patterns are measured at a fixed coming velocity. Flow patterns showed very complex and closely related to the coming velocity and cylinder space. The pressure gradient around the flow field is observed by twelve hole pitot tubes and manometer. The experiment has been conducted in circulating water channel with PIV system. That can visualize flow patterns. The laser beam was used to reflect the image from particles and recorded by CCD camera. The cylinders were spaced from ID to 5D with 0.5m/sec of incoming flow velocity. The experimental results using pitot tube showed in good agreement with results of precious by others study. The results can be applied in the understanding and design of multiple pile array structures.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

Vacuum laboratory in Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) was opened in 1983 for establishing and disseminating vacuum standard in Korea. The major three systems such as the ultrasonic interferometer manometer (UIM), the static expansion system (SES) and the dynamic expansion system (DES) with orifice and porous plug conductance are developed. In this study, the standard systems from low to ultra-high vacuum, uncertainty analysis by ISO regulation, and key and bilateral comparison results will be described.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.173-181
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• 2001

We calibrated a capacitance diaphragm gauge(CDG) of 1,333 Pa range by using ultrasonic interferometer manometer (UIM) that was a national low vacuum standards system. And its uncertainties were evaluated according to International Organization for Standardization(ISO), they were named to A type uncertainty, B type uncertainty, combined standard uncertainty, and expanded uncertainty, We obtained that the combined standard uncertainties were $1.38 \times10^{-2}\; Pa\sim3.03 \times10^{-1} $Pa and the relative uncertainties(combined standard uncertainty/standard pressure) were $2.3 \times 10^{-4}\;Pa\sim7.9 X\times10^{-3} $Pa for this 1,333 Pa CDG.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.103-109
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• 2005

A new medium vacuum primary standard using the static expansion method was developed in KRISS. In order to evaluate the performance of the equipment, we compared the medium vacuum standard with an ultrasonic interferometer manometer using two capacitance diaphragm gauges, the measuring ranges of which were 133 Pa and 1,333 Pa respectively. The result, Error normalized values, showed that the two standards are coincident each other within the range of combined uncertainty at calibrated pressure of $3pa\;\sim\;100pa$.