• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.49-81
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• 2007

Research in the IS (Information Systems) outsourcing has focused on the importance of legal contracts and partnerships between vendors and clients. Without detailed legal contracts, there is no guarantee that an outsourcing vendor would not indulge in self-serving behavior. In addition, partnerships can supplement legal contracts in managing the relationship between clients and vendors legal contracts by itself cannot deal with all the complexity and ambiguity involved with IS outsourcing relationships. In this paper, we introduce a psychological contract (between client and vendor) as an important variable for IS outsourcing success. A psychological contract refers to individual's mental beliefs about his or her mutual obligations in a contractual relationship (Rousseau, 1995). A psychological contract emerges when one party believes that a promise of future returns has been made, a contribution has been given, and thus, an obligation has been created to provide future benefits (Rousseau, 1989). An employmentpsychological contract, which is a widespread concept in psychology, refers to employer and employee expectations of the employment relationship, i.e. mutual obligations, values, expectations and aspirations that operate over and above the formal contract of employment (Smithson and Lewis, 2003). Similar to the psychological contract between an employer and employee, IS outsourcing involves a contract and a set of mutual obligations between client and vendor (Ho et al., 2003). Given the lack of prior research on psychological contracts in the IS outsourcing context, we extend such studies and give insights through investigating the role of psychological contracts between client and vendor. Psychological contract theory offers highly relevant and sound theoretical lens for studying IS outsourcing management because of its six distinctive principles: (1) it focuses on mutual (rather than one-sided) obligations between contractual parties, (2) it's more comprehensive than the concept of legal contract, (3) it's an individual-level construct, (4) it changes over time, (5) it affects organizational behaviors, and (6) it's susceptible to organizational factors (Koh et al., 2004; Rousseau, 1996; Coyle-Shapiro, 2000). The aim of this paper is to put the concept, psychological contract commitment (PCC), under the spotlight, by finding out its mediating effects between legal contracts/partnerships and IS outsourcing success. Our interest is in the psychological contract commitment (PCC) or commitment to psychological contracts, which is the extent to which a partner consistently and deeply concerns with what the counter-party believes as obligations during the IS project. The basic premise for the hypothesized relationship between PCC and success is that for outsourcing success, client and vendor should continually commit to mutual obligations in which both parties believe, rather than to only explicit obligations. The psychological contract commitment playsa pivotal role in evaluating a counter-party because it reflects what one party really expects from the other. If one party consistently shows high commitment to psychological contracts, the other party would evaluate it positively. This will increase positive reciprocation efforts of the other party, thus leading to successful outsourcing outcomes (McNeeley and Meglino, 1994). We have used matched sample data for this research. We have collected three responses from each set of a client and a vendor firm: a project manager of the client firm, a project member from the vendor firm with whom the project manager cooperated, and an end-user of the client company who actually used the outsourced information systems. Special caution was given to the data collection process to avoid any bias in responses. We first sent three types of questionnaires (A, Band C) to each project manager of the client firm, asking him/her to answer the first type of questionnaires (A).

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.1723-1730
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• 2008

국내 IT아웃소싱은 제조기업 및 금융기관을 중심으로 활발하게 이루어지고 있고, 공공기관의 IT아웃소싱도 일반화되고 있다. IT 개발 및 운영 관리 업무는 IT의 급격한 기술변화, 전문가 수요 증가 등의 요인으로 인해 아웃소싱이 가장 먼저 도입된 분야이다. 특히 공공기관의 핵심 업무는 공공서비스이므로, 핵심 업무에 전념하고 기타 업무는 과감히 아웃소싱 함으로써 조직을 슬림화하고, 업무효율을 향상시키며 의사결정속도를 증가시켜 결과적으로 IT아웃소싱은 공공서비스의 품질을 높일 수 있는 혁신적인 방안이 될 수 있다. 작은 정부, 효율적 행정, 공공서비스 품질 향상 등을 실현하기 위한 공공기관의 IT 멀티 소싱 모델의 개발이 시급하다 하겠다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 선진국에서 그 성공 사례가 드문 서비스수준협약(SLA: Service Level Agreement)을 국내 공공기 관으로서는 최초로 도입하여 혁신적 아웃소싱 모델을 선도하고 있는 조달청과 서비스 공급업체인 삼성 SDS가 구체적으로 어떤 문제에 직면하고 어떻게 그러한 난관들을 극복해 왔는가 또 어떤 성과를 거두었는가 등을 분석하여 추후 선진적 IT아웃소싱 모델을 구현하려는 공공기관과 IT서비스 제공업체에게 새로운 제도를 도입하면서 겪어야 하는 시행착오를 최소화하고 IT아웃소싱을 성공적으로 구현하기 위한 요소들을 관리하기 위한 실무 가이드라인을 제시한다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.45-64
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• 2022

최근 급속한 세계화로 인해 물류 아웃소싱이 전 세계적으로 확대되고 있으며, 이것은 견고한 물류시스템을 구축하는 수단으로 간주되고 있다. 그러나 많은 기업이 물류 아웃소싱 계약에 어려움을 겪고 있어 기업의 내부 관리를 위해 물류 기능을 회복해야 하는 어려움이 계속되고 있다. 본 연구는 유연성, 통합, 혁신 및 기술 역량과 같은 물류 서비스 제공자(LSP)의 조직 역량이 우간다 식품 가공 회사의 물류 아웃소싱 성공에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 평가하는 것을 목표로 한다. 구조화된 설문조사를 이용하여 우간다 캄팔라에 있는 211개 식품 가공 회사에서 수집한 횡단면 데이터를 SmartPLS 3.3.7 소프트웨어를 통한 PLS-SEM(부분 최소제곱-구조방정식 모형화)으로 분석하여 이론적 관계를 검토하였다. 연구 결과에 따르면 기술 및 혁신 역량은 물류 아웃소싱 성공에 긍정적이고 상당한 영향을 미치지만, 유연성 및 통합 역량의 효과는 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 중요도성과분석(IPMA) 결과 물류 아웃소싱 성공을 위해서는 기술 역량이 우선순위가 가장 높고 그다음이 혁신 역량인 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 유연성과 통합 역량은 우선순위가 낮았다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.13-34
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• 2001

The case which it contracts with the dynamic result measurement system when actual outsourcing evaluation measurement is composed and then one result standard between the service supplier and the user is set, which owns jointly the expense which is reduced from that or the benefit which is created from that is increasing In the conclusion, for outsourcing management strategy of domestic foodservice industry in order to succeed, first it is accurate and examined that for what and how outsourcing should be introduced and as a result, what kind of result can be raised from that result\ulcorner Food service industry should be outsourced if you want to make more many investment in better humane resources, food & beverage-goods-security and education to provide eating-out service out of various business in food industry. When considering the actuality of the domestic foodservice industry that time it is appropriate, it sees. The foreign-brand goods which is introduced in the country are being executing in the 1ink of part management strategy. One of the most influential factor of domestic foodservice industry's management pressure is overspent management expenses, Does the namely expenses preparation effect reach which degree\ulcorner what kind of method can most decrease these expenses\ulcorner Doing grows the success and failure of the Korean foodservice industry controls result with the fact that it will operate with a big variable sees. The background which the domestic foodservice industry should introduce inevitably the outsiurcing system is to develop continuously nation foodservice industry in the way of cost curtailment of food-material, a labor cost curtailment with efficient application and synergic effect like specialty manpower utilization. The kindred competitive enterprises gradually concentrate management resource to the point ability from the present point of view which is increasing and a strategy position they secure, to prepare a competitive power, what sees it is important national industry must prepare a new paradigm. It is important to measure the result based on sales accomplishment in operation system dimension, and it is more important to appropriately apply regard of the evaluation measurement

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.37-53
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in perceived time pressure between employed and non-employed married women in Korea. The sample of married couple from the Korean Time Use Survey 2009 (n = 6,948 couple diaries) was used to examined the difference in the level of perceived time pressure over the life cycle of two group. This study also investigated the married women's time use, husband's time use as well as hour of domestic outsourcing and whether such factors are associated with lowering perceived time pressure of married women. Results showed employed wives felt almost 3 times more time pressed than non-employed wives, and the gap mostly remained over different life cycles. Total work hours were associated with increasing the time pressure of both groups of women, while regenerating time was associated with ameliorating time pressure. The result suggests that the time pressure gap between employed and non-employed wives can be partly due to the relative length of total labor hours and regenerating time among the two groups. Ordered logit analysis revealed that husband's paid work hours were not associated with wive's feeling rushed, but husband' unpaid work hours were positively linked with time pressure of their wives. Results indicated if employed or non-employed wives are feeling very busy, there is a high chance that husband might give them some help. We found employed wives spend more hours on housework outsourcing, and purchasing goods for housework was not associated with lowering the feeling of pressure of employed wives. There were both similarity and difference in factors associated with women's feeling pressed among employed and non-employed wives. It implies that social process and it's strategies to alleviate the time pressure can be different by women's employment status.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.19-36
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• 2020

물류아웃소싱 서비스 입찰단계는 화주기업과 물류기업 모두에게 매우 중요하다. 왜냐하면 물류 입찰단계를 통하여 화주기업은 불확실성 해소를 위하여 자사의 물류운영 정보를 물류기업들에게 제공해야 하고, 물류기업은 자사가 가지고 있는 화주기업 물류에 대한 경험 및 노하우를 피력하고 화주기업의 위험과 물류운영으로 인한 이익을 공유하겠다는 제안을 함으로써 입찰에 나온 계약물량을 수주할 수 있기 때문이다. 따라서 물류아웃소싱 입찰단계에서 확인할 수 있는 요인들과 그 요인들이 물류아웃소싱 서비스 만족도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 살펴볼 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 물류 아웃소싱 파트너십 요인에 관한 선행연구와 물류아웃소싱 결정요인에 관한 선행연구에서 확인한 요인들을 토대로하여 물류아웃소싱 서비스의 입찰단계에 대한 측정요인들을 도출하여 각각의 측정요인에 대한 설문을 작성한 후, 국내 화주기업을 대상으로 물류를 수행하고 있는 물류기업에서 종사하는 전문가들에게 설문을 진행하였으며 Smart- PLS 방법론을 활용하여 연구모형을 검증하였다. 본 연구의 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 물류입찰단계에서 화주기업은 불확실성의 해소를 위하여 물류기업들에게 자사의 물류운영정보를 제공해야 한다. 입찰 설명회 통하여 운영 특이사항에 대하여 상세히 설명해야 하며, 필요하다면 제조공장 및 물류센터 현장 Tour도 진행해야 한다. 둘째, 물류기업은 입찰단계에서 화주기업의 물류에 대한 경험 및 지식 등 자사의 경쟁력을 제안을 통해 어필해야 하며, 자사의 부족한 물류서비스 보완을 위하여 타 물류회사와의 연합도 고려해야 한다. 셋째, 물류기업은 입찰단계에서 물류 아웃소싱을 통한 이익 및 위험을 공유하겠다는 제안을 해야 한다. 화주기업의 환경 불확실성으로 인한 위험을 자사의 역량으로 포용 가능한 범위 내에서 수용하겠다는 제안을 해야 하며, 화주기업 물류를 수행함으로써 발생되는 이익을 공유하겠다는 자세를 보여야 한다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.23-55
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• 2004

Interests on Service Level Agreement(SLA), an immanence operating tool for managing the level of the information system service objectively and qualitatively, were raised among IT outsourcing service providers, outsourcers, and operating departments. Yet, only a few domestic conglomerates adopted the SLA, and exact usage of the SLA is currently unknown. Because of the importance of the SLA between a service recipient and a service provider, the agreement is treated with high confidentiality. This raised the problems to organizations which are considering the SLA but lack in the concrete guide line to internalize SLA management process. This study provides the process model of implementation for SLA by conducting multiple case research. The sampled companies are currently implementing the SLA over 1 year of usage period. Factors were used to provide the managerial contribution for implementing the SLA. To analyse the case samples, in-depth interview method was conducted for each sampled company. As a result, if SLA can be used as an immanence managerial tool and can be actively implemented, it will be an strategic tool for various decision making in IT management practice with long term relationship, better shared partnership, and continuous service improvement.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회/대한산업공학회 2003년도 춘계공동학술대회
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• pp.312-319
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• 2003

In late 90s, organizations recognized the information technology as an key enabler of the business strategic accomplishment which lead them heavy increment on IT investment. These organizations tried to hold the competitive advantage by focusing on their core competency. And these acts raise their interests on IT outsourcing. Recent trends of the organizations concern on evaluating the effectiveness of the previous IT investment and the reasonable selection on IT investment type. Also, the objective evaluation of the service level and continuous improvement are major concern of the outsourcer. Consequently, interests on Service Level Agreement (SLA), an immanence operating tool for managing the level of the information system service objectively and qualitatively, were raised among IT outsourcing service providers, outsourcers, and operating departments. Yet, only a few domestic conglomerates adopted the SLA, and exact usage of the SLA is currently unknown. Because of the importance of the SLA between a service provider and an outsourcer, the agreement is treated with high confidentiality. This raised the problems to both the private and public organizations, are considering the SLA, with absence of concrete guide line to internalize SLA management process. This study provides the organizational and environmental factors of the adopting and applying the Service Level Agreement (SLA) by conducting multiple case research. The sampled companies are currently implementing the SLA over 1 year of usage period. Factors were used to provide the operational contribution for implementing the SLA. The study also provides the effects on IT performance through the SLA. For this, in depth interview was conducted for each sampled company. As a result, if SLA between outsourcer and service provider can be used as an immanence operation tool and actively implemented, SLA will be an strategic tool for various decision making in IT management practice with long term relationship, better shared partnership, and continuous service improvement.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.57-76
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• 2021

Today's ERP system has become a core system of IT·SW that not only supports and manages enterprise resources efficiently, but also encompasses major business tasks. In other words, the ERP system is an essential strategic element for the survival of a company as a powerful means to innovate the management of an organization. This study analyzed the impact on the utilization of IT·SW from the perspective of the entire organization's process without limiting the performance evaluation of the ERP system itself, which is a core system of a company. The measurement data for evaluating the performance of the ERP system was the 2018 domestic company IT·SW utilization survey result report (subject to survey : 3,017 domestic companies with 10 or more employees). Based on this data, this study analyzed the impact of the ERP system on the entire enterprise's IT·SW utilization. In particular, attention was paid to whether there would be a difference in the use of IT·SW if the type of ERP system introduction was changed through the improvement of the business process of the company. Multiple regression analysis was performed using the statistical package SPSS 25. As a result, among the ERP system introduction types, the greatest degree of (+)influence on the company's IT·SW utilization is when the ERP package SW or ASP service is used as it is. Although the difference is insignificant, the second case was to build an ERP system through self-development or outsourcing, followed by customizing the package SW or system through self-development or outsourcing. Through the results of this study, it is expected that the organization will improve the business process and use the standard ERP package SW as it is without modification, thereby effectively enhancing the use of IT·SW of the company and leading to management performance.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.154-162
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• 2014

Effects of food scandals on religious belief, human health and even on causes of death indicate that firms and consumers are vulnerable to integrity risks in the global supply chain. Mitigating the integrity risk and maintaining the credence quality products like halal food is very challenging, if not impossible. Our aim in this research is to show that supply chain integration can mitigate the halal food integrity risk. To illustrate this idea, we have conducted case studies and interviews in seven Malaysian chicken supply chain focal firms. We unpack the halal integrity risks along the supply chain, such as production risk, raw material risk, food security risk, outsourcing practices risk, service risk, and logistics risk. The research argues that supply chain integration, such as internal integration and external integration practices, could minimize the halal integrity risk. The advantages of supply chain integration in mitigating the halal integrity risk are also highlighted in this paper.