• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6017-6022
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• 2012

Background: Resveratrol has been reported to have potential chemopreventive and apoptosis-inducing properties in a variety of tumor cell lines. Objective: In this study, to investigate the effects of resveratrol on protein kinase C (PKC) activity and apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells, we used HT-29 cells and examined the $PKC{\alpha}$ and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Methods: To test the effects of resveratrol on the growth of HT-29 cells, the cells were exposed to varying concentrations and assessed with the the MTT cell-viability assay. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis was applieded to determine the effects of resveratrol on cell apoptosis. Western blotting was performed to determine the protein levels of $PKC{\alpha}$ and ERK1/2. In inhibition experiments, HT-29 cells were treated with G$\ddot{o}$6976 or PD98059 for 30 min, followed by exposure to $200{\mu}M$ resveratrol for 72 h. Results: Resveratrol had a significant inhibitory effect on HT-29 cell growth. FACS revealed that resveratrol induced apoptosis. Western blotting showed that e phosphorylation of $PKC{\alpha}$ and ERK1/2 was significantly increased in response to resveratrol treatment. Pre-treatment with $PKC{\alpha}$ and ERK1/2 inhibitors (G$\ddot{o}$6976 and PD98059) promoted apoptosis. Conclusion: Resveratrol has significant anti-proliferative effects on the colon cancer cell line HT-29. The PKC-ERK1/2 signaling pathway can partially mediate resveratrol-induced apoptosis of HT-29 cells.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.250-254
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• 2002

The anticancer effects of leek (buchu in Korean) kimchi were evaluated in the human cancer cells: AGS gastric adenocarcinoma cells, HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells and HL-60 leukemia cells. The leek kimchi (fermented for 6 days at 15$^{\circ}C$) was fractionated into 7 groups: methanol extract, hexane extract, methanol soluble extract MSE), dichloromethane (DCM) fraction (fr.), ethyl acetate fr., butanol fr. and aqueous fr. Most of the leek kimchi tractions inhibited the growth of AGS and HT-29 cancer cells in a dose dependent manner. In particular, the DCM fr. showed the highest inhibitory effect among the tractions. Treatment with the DCM fr. (0.1 mg/mL) reduced the survival rates of AGS and HT-29 cancer cells to 19% and 37% of the controls, respectively. Moreover the DCM fr. of the leek kimchi arrested G2/M phase in the cell cycle and induced apoptosis in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells. These results indicate that the leek kimchi exerted an anticancer effect on those human cancer cells, and that the DCM fr. arrested G2/M phase in the cell cycle and induced apoptosis in the leukemia cells.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.246.1-246.1
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• 2002

We studied the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and its synthetic derivatives. HS-l030 and HS-1183. and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and its synthetic derivatives, HS-1199 and HS-1200. on the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. HT -29 (p53 mutant type). The effects on cell viability and growth were assessed by MTT assay and cell growth study. While UDCA and CDCA exhibited no significant effect, their novel derivatives inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cell line in a concentration- and time-dependent manners. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 1996

Antineoplastic activity against human gastric and colon carcinoma cell lines was tested in eighty-three species of Korean plants including Korean medicinal plants which have been frequently used in oriental herb prescriptions. The plant materials were extracted with methanol and the cytotoxic activity was tested using a calorimetric tetrazolium assay (MTT assay). Twenty-six plant extracts against gastric carcinoma cell line, eighteen extracts against colon carcinoma cell line and fourteen plant extracts against both carcinoma cell lines showed antineoplastic activity at the concentration of less than $100{\mu}g/ml$. The effective components from four species have been isolated and reported.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.320-327
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• 2016

Columbianadin (CBN), a natural coumarin from Angelica decursiva (Umbelliferae), is known to have various biological activities including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. In this study, the anti-proliferative mechanism of actions mediated by CBN was investigated in HCT-116 human colon cancer cells. CBN effectively suppressed the growth of colon cancer cells. Low concentration (up to $25{\mu}M$) of CBN induced apoptosis, and high concentration ($50{\mu}M$) of CBN induced necroptosis. The induction of apoptosis by CBN was correlated with the modulation of caspase-9, caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, Bim and Bid, and the induction of necroptosis was related with RIP-3, and caspase-8. In addition, CBN induced the accumulation of ROS and imbalance in the intracellular antioxidant enzymes such as SOD-1, SOD-2, catalase and GPx-1. These findings demonstrate that CBN has the potential to be a candidate in the development of anti-cancer agent derived from natural products.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2011

Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in Western countries. Chemotherapeutic agents with different mechanisms of action have shown an increase in cure rates. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a combination of low concentration of paclitaxel (taxol, 5 nM) and topoisomerase 1 inhibitor camptothecin (CPT) on HCT116 colon cancer cells. Although the viability of cells treated with taxol alone was similar to that of control cells, sequential treatment with taxol and CPT exhibited high cytotoxicity. However, the opposite sequence of treatment did not exert cytotoxic effects on HCT116 cells. This enhanced cytotoxicity of the sequential combination therapy was the result of mitotic arrest, which increased the level of $p21^{Cip1/WAF1}$ through the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Knockdown by $p21^{Cip1/WAF1}$ siRNA or treatment with a p38 inhibitor reduced the viability of cells sequentially exposed to taxol and CPT. Taken together, a low taxol concentration in combination with CPT induced mitotic arrest in HCT116 cells, leading to synergistic cell death through enhanced expression of $p21^{Cip1/WAF1}$ and p38 MAPK pathway. Therefore, taxol could playa role as a sensitizer of CPT in colon cancer cells.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.308-312
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• 2008

The flower buds of Tussilago farfara (TF) have been traditionally used in oriental medicine for the treatment of bronchitis and asthma. In our study, the primary objective was to determine the mechanisms that are inherent to TF-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis, using the methanolic extract of TF (TFM) in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. We found that TFM-induced induced cytotoxicity in HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was verified via an MTT reduction assay, an lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, and a colony formation assay. Interestingly, we also detected apoptotic bodies on Hoechst staining, and attempted to determine whether TFM-induced apoptosis involved the caspase pathway using a caspase-3/7 activity assay. Overall, the results indicate that TFM contain chemotherapeutic agents and potential candidates use for against human colon cancer cells.

• Oncology Letters
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.3027-3034
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• 2020

Induction of apoptosis in human cancer cells by Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai has been considered to be a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment; however, the underlying mechanisms of action are not well understood. The present study investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO•) and inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) during apoptosis induced by Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai extracts (SQE) in p53-wild type (WT) and p53-null HCT116 colon carcinoma cells. Trypan blue exclusion and Annexin V/propidium iodide assays were used to test for antiproliferation, and apoptosis and cell cycle. Griess and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting assays were carried out to assay NO• production, and to detect the mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2, PARP and IAPs. A colorimetric assay was utilized to measure the time-dependent increase in caspase-3 activity. SQE inhibited cell growth and promoted apoptosis by the elevation of NO• in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, both cell types underwent a reduction in mRNA and protein levels of IAPs (survivin, CIAP-1 and -2, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis) as well as anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, whereas an increase in protein expression of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 and caspase 3 activity was observed; however, an equivalent cytotoxic and apoptotic effect by SQE was observed in p53-WT and p53-null cells. Collectively, the results indicated that SQE-induced apoptosis was independent of p53 status and associated with modulation of endogenous NO• and IAP family gene expression.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.110-120
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• 2002

To clarify the difference in glucose uptake between human cancer cells and monocytes, we studied $[^{18}F]$ fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in three human colon cancer cell lines (SNU-C2A, SNU-C4, SNU-C5), one human lung cancer cell line (NCI-H522), and human peripheral blood monocytes. The FDG uptake of both cancer cells and monocytes was increased in glucose-free medium, but decreased in the medium containing 16.7 mM glucose (hyperglycemic). The level of Glut1 mRNA decreased in human colon cancer cells and NCI-H522 under hyperglycemic condition. Glut1 protein expression was also decreased in the four human cancer cell lines under hyperglycemic condition, whereas it was consistently undetectable in monocytes. SNU-C2A, SNU-C4 and NCI-H522 showed a similar level of hexokinase activity (7.5 - 10.8 mU/mg), while SNU-C5 and monocytes showed lower range of hexokinase activity (4.3 - 6.5 mU/mg). These data suggest that glucose uptake is regulated by different mechanisms in human cancer cells and monocytes.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2006

A series of cytotoxic activities $(ED_{50})$ in vitro against six human cancers (lung cancer, uterine cancer, skin cancer, brain cancer, colon cancer and adenocarcinoma) and their seventeen cell lines of 3,6-bis(2'-pyridyl)pyridazine, 1, 3,6-bis-(6'-methyl-2'-pyridyl)pyridazine, 2 and their transition metal, Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes, $3{\sim}6$ were measured. Particularly, the results revealed that the cytotoxic activities against the brain cancer cell line (SNB-19) and the colon cancer cell line (SW62) of bis- [3,6-bis-(6'-methyl-2'-pyridyl)pyridazine-$k^2N^2,N^3$]chlorocopper(II)perchlorate, 4 were shown to be higher than that of the first generation anticancer agent, Cis-platin.