• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.883-889
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• 2014

It is generated for cavitation erosion due to the local static boiling by pressure differentials in high speed rotating fluid environment. The cavitation is influenced by various elements such as pressure, velocity, temperature, pH of fluid and medium. In particular, the damage of material is accelerated due to the electrochemical corrosion by $C1^-$ and cavitation erosion due to cavities in seawater. In this paper, hence, it investigated for martensite stainless steel the damage behavior with applied current density and cavitation time in natural seawater solution. Less damage depth at the cavitation condition was observed than static condition as a result of galvanostatic experiment. Furthermore, it was shown that dramatic increase of weightloss, damage rate and damage depth after 3 hour of cavitation test.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.571-578
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• 2009

Levee-break Analysis model is developed to predict the variation of breach width according to time and to estimate inundation area and depth in protected lowland. This Model calculate flood depth using 4 point implicit finite difference method in river channel and analyze breach flow based on physical theory introducing soil transport equation and erosion process. Breach analysis model and channel flood model are combined into Levee-Break Model and this model is applied to actual levee break case. Then, this model can simulate reasonably many levee-break parameters such as river stage, breach width, breach formation and so on. If the applicability of this model is proved through applications to more various actual levee-break cases, the suggested model is expected to do more accurate flood analyses on levee break site.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.4052-4063
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• 1976

The observation and Studies on the two stations in the Ansung river are included that were justified types of Bed-materials movement and were estimated loads volume of sediment applied by sediment rating curve and/or drivel formulars according to both stream conditions. The results of evaluation for above purpose are given as follows 1) Drived formulas for sediment computation in accordance with river situations are given as follows. -Suspended load Yu-chun Ts=135H4.55 Hye-hwa Ts=454H3.71 -Bed load Yu-chun Tb=75.4H191 Hye-hwa Tb=134.5H1.82 2) Annual volume of surface erosion in the catchment area were obtained at yu-chun of 0.236mm Hye-hwa of 0.200mm and mean depth of 0.22mm 3) The Bed-materials movement with water depth were represented that ripple is bellow than 0.067 meter at yu-chun and bellow than 0.096 meter at Hye-hwa stream, Dunes is 0.067-0.22 at yu-chun and 0.096-0.23 at Hye-hwa, Transition is 0.22-0.46 at yu-chun and 0.23-0.58 at Hye-hwa and Antidunes is higher than 0.46 at yu-chun and 0.58 of water depth at Hye-hwa stream

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.119-126
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• 1999

This study was carried out to estimate the effect of forest fire on physical and chemical properties of soil The forest fire was in April 1995 at Kongju of Chungnam. Soil samples were collected at 0~5cm, 5~10cm, and 10~20cm soil depths in September 1998 from the burned and unburned sites. Soil organic matter concentrations at 0~5cm and 5~10cm soil depths were significantly greater in unburned site than in burned site. Soil concentrations were greater in unburned site than in burned site at all soil depths. Cation exchange capacity was significantly higher in unburned site than in burned site at 0~5cm soil depth. There were no differences in available soil P, exchangeable soil K, Ca, and Mg, and pH of soil between burned and unburned sites. Soil water content at 0~5cm soil depth was significantly greater in unburned site than in burned site. Bulk density at 0~5cm soil depth was significantly higher in burned site than in unburned site. Forest fire had an adverse effect on physical and chemical properties of soil in this study, Burning of vegetation and forest 리oor organic matter in burned site may reduce organic matter supply to soil and increase soil erosion. Consequently, forest fire may have adverse influence on long-term site productivity.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.271-276
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• 2013

The demand for stainless steel is continuously increasing with the development in offshore industry due to its excellent corrosion resistance characteristics. However, it suffers cavitation-erosion in application of high rotating fluid and the damage accelerates in combination with electrochemical corrosion because of Cl-ion in sea water. This paper investigated the complex damage behavior for 431 stainless steel, that is one of martensite stainless steels, through the hybrid test in sea water. Various experiments were carried out, including potential measurement, anodic/cathodic polarization experiment and Tafel analysis. Surface morphology was observed and damage depth was analyzed by SEM and 3D microscope after each experiment, respectively. The results revealed that more active potential was observed under cavitation condition than static condition due to breakdown of passive film and activation of charge transfer, and that higher corrosion current density was obtained under cavitation condition due to synergistic effect of corrosion and erosion.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.321-328
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• 2002

In order to provide the basic information for restoration of vegetation, conservation of rare species and maintenance of biodiversity, changes of site factors and vegetation by human trampling disturbance were investigated at the subalpine zone near the peak of Mt. Sorak in Korea. The destructed vegetation was found mainly in the southern parts with gentle slope in this study area. Height and coverage of vegetation and the species diversity decreased, and the community structure depended on trampling strength. Soil moisture, organic matter contents and litter thickness in the site with destructed vegetation by human trampling showed lower values than in the undisturbed site. Soil depth decreased, and gravel exposure on the ground surface increased by soil erosion responded to trampling strength.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.351-360
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• 2018

The construction of large scale harbor structures at Maengbang beach, which is located on the eastern coast of Korea, is of great concern because it may cause disastrous beach erosion in the vicinity. Therefore, a hydraulic model experiment was conducted to examine the morphological changes after such construction. The water depth was scaled using the method of Van Rijn (2010), which is a well-known scale law, but the results appeared to be overestimated. The present study developed a new scale law that applies an equilibrium beach profile formula to scale the model evolution to the prototype scale. When compared with survey data observed at Maengbang beach, the proposed method showed better agreement than the method of Van Rijn (2010).

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2016

In this paper, the characteristics of a cavitation-erosion damage behavior on the STS 304 and hot-dip aluminized STS 304 under cavitation environment in sea water solution was investigated. The electrochemical experiments were carried out by potential measurement, anodic/cathodic polarization test, Tafel analysis, and also galvanostatic experiment in current density variables for the samples. The apparatus of cavitation-electrochemical experiment was manufactured in compliance with modified ASTM G-32 standard, with the conditions of sea water temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ and the measurement, amplitude of $30{\mu}m$. The damage behavior was analyzed by an observation of surface mophologies and a measurement of damage depth by a scanning electron microscope(SEM) and a 3D microscope, respectively, after electrochemical test. After polarization experiment under cavitation environment, much higher damage depths for the hot-dip aluminized STS 304 were observed comparing to the untreated STS 304. In addition, higher corrosion current density in hot-dip aluminized STS 304 presented than that of untreated STS 304 as a result of Tafel analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.142-149
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• 2019

In this study, the past erosion history and current status in the CHUNG-UI beach of Eulwang-dong, Jung-gu, Incheon-Si, South Korea were investigated and analyzed the wave with wave-induced current to investigate the causes of coastal erosion. As a result, the significant wave height ($H_{1/3}$) was in the range of 0.07~1.57 m and the mean value was 0.21 m. The maximum wave height ($H_{max}$) was in the range of 0.02-4.76m and the mean value was 0.27m. The vertical wave height and cycles were estimated through numerical model experiments of wave transformation. The 50-year frequency design wave height ranged from 0.82m to 3.75m. As a result of the experiment of wave-induced current, wave-induced current in the CHUNG-UI beach was decreased after the installation of the Detached breakwater and the Jetty. On the other hand, when the crest elevation was increased up to 5 m, there was no significant change, but when the crest elevation was increased to 8m, strong wave-induced current occurred around the submerged breakwaters due to lowered depth of water. In addition, the main erosion of the CHUNG-UI beach is due to the intensive invasion of the wave characteristics coming from the outer sea into the white sandy beach. The deformation of the wave centered on the front of the sandy beach caused additional longshore currents flowing parallel to the sandy beach and rip currents in the transverse direction, thus confirming that the longshore sediment was moved out of the front and out of the sea. The results of this study can be used as preliminary data for the recovery of the sand and the selection of efficient erosion prevention facilities.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.845-857
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• 2020

The precise estimation of accelerated soil wind erosion that can cause severe economic and environmental impacts still has not been achieved to date. The objectives of this investigation were to verify the applicability of a Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) that expressed the soil loss as mass per area for specific areas of interest on a daily basis for a single event in arable lands. To this end, we selected and evaluated the results published by Hagen in 2004 and the soil depth converted from the mass of soil losses obtained by using the WEPS. Hagen's results obtained from the WEPS model followed the 1 : 1 line between predicted and measured value for soil losses with only less than 2 kg·m-2 whereas the values between the measured and predicted loss did not show any correlation for the given field conditions due to the initial field surface condition although the model provided reasonable estimates of soil loss. Calculated soil depths of the soil loss by wind for both the observed and predicted ones ranged from 0.004 to 3.113 cm·10 a-1 and from 0 to 2.013 cm·10 a-1, respectively. Comparison of the soil depths between the observed and predicted ones did not show any good relationship, and there was no soil loss in the predicted one while slight soil loss was measured in the observed one. Therefore, varying the essential model inputs and factors related to wind speed and soil properties are needed to accurately estimate soil loss for a given field in arable land.