• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.111-122
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• 2015

Objectives: Schizandrae fructus (Schizandra chinensis) is one of very common herbs, it is known as natural antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agent. Also some reports show that its extract works to regulate of dyslipidemia. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Schizandrae fructus chloroform fraction (SFCF) on serum lipid levels in dyslipidemic mice. Methods: The levels of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), fasting blood glucose in serum were measured. Histopathological and gene expression changes in liver tissue were also observed. Results: Oral administration of SFCF lowered levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride, which were elevated by high-fat diet. But SFCF did not affect on weight changes and serum AST, ALT levels in dyslipidemic mice. After carrying out gene ontological analysis, large numbers of genes in high-fat diet group were up-(347) or down-regulated (235). In SFCF treated mice, some changed expression of the genes was restored to normal levels, with a recovery rate of 17%. And it seems that fatty acid biosynthesis pathway was one of important key pathways to recovery. Conclusions: SFCF has beneficial effect on dyslipidemia, and could be used to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.291-296
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• 2000

The present study was conducted to investigate antioxidant, nitrite scavenging and alcohol degradation effects of extracts from leaf and fruit stalk of Hovenia dulcis. Yields of various solvent extracts for Hovenia dulcis leaf and fruit stalk of were higher in water and methanol extract layer, respectively. Ethanol extracts of Hovenia dulcis leaf and fruit stalk of were fractionated with different solvents such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water, yields of water fraction were highest. In the solvent extracts using methanol, ethanol, hexane, chloroform and water, ethanol extracts showed the most effective antioxidant and nitrite-scavenging effects. Ethanol extracts from Hovenia dulcis leaf and fruit stalk of were fractionated, the most natioxidant and nitrite-scavenging effects were ethyl acetate fraction. Alcohol degradation effects from different parts of Hovenia dulcis showed higher leaf and fruit stalk than xylem, branch and seed. Alcohol degradation effects from leaf and fruit stalk increased as time passed.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.189-193
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• 2011

To investigate the physiological activities of hot water extract and solvent fractions isolated from Pleurotus ferulea, antioxidative, fibrinolytic, thrombin inhibitory, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities were examined. Pleurotus ferulea, hot water extract was fractionated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fraction. Each of these was assayed individually. The antioxidative activities of ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were 86.79% and 87.82%, respectively. Using the fibrin plate method, only the ethyl acetate fraction showed a plasmin activity of 0.08 units/ml. Thrombin inhibitory activities of chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were 74.90% and 71.08%, respectively. In the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity test, butanol fraction showed the highest activity at 49.67%. From the above results, we anticipate that solvent fractions of Pleurotus ferulea can be used as a materials for the development of biofunctional foods for cardiovascular diseases.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.319-327
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• 1991

Gingko biloba is one of the oldest trees on earth. It can be traced 300 million years or more into past. In recent years, this tree has become increasingly popular because of its longevity. Amount of comsumption of Gingko leaves in Korea is increased to produce drugs for blood circulating system's disorder. The workers who work at the company of product drug with Gingko leaves complain pruritus at belt position of west, however toxic substance from extracts of Gingko biloba was carried out to determine what kind of the toxic substance from extract could induce a contact dermatitis by means of histopathological study. Dried leaves of Korean G. biloba were exhaustively extracted with chloroform. The aqueous chloroform residue was extracted with hexane. After evaporation, the hexane extract was passed through a silica gel column chromatography, it was separated into 9 fractions by means of gradient solvent (benzene: acetone/ 98~93 : 2~7%). The 4th and 7th fraction were idendified as bilibol and gingkolic acid by silica gel thin layer chromatography and NMR spectrophotometer. The 4th and 7th fractions of Korean Gingko leaves have an irritant substances which can be induced ear swelling and increased thickness of stratum cornium of rabbit ear exposed with the fractions (3 time/3 day, $100{\mu}l$ of 50mg/ml ethyl alcohol). In the 4th fraction, the substance have induced the surface of ear to swell and mass of unknown cell like inflammatory cell were infiltrated within the stratum corneum, and the 7th fraction have the surface of ear to loss the hairs, and sebaceous gland and follicle of hair were infiltrated with inflammatory cells. and other fractions at all did not induced a certain contact dermatitis and also Deutschen drug of Gingko (named as Gerigeron) have induced the contact dermatitis such as dematitis of Korean Gingko extract.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.672-679
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• 1998

The ethanol extract and its chloroform fraction of Sophora flavescens Ait. exhibited growth inhibition on some food poisoning bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the above extracts were $50{\sim}500\;ppm$ and below 50 ppm Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 19111, 19112, 19113, 19114, 15313). By silica gel column chromatography twice, antimicrobial active compound S-10-6 was isolated from chloroform fraction of Sophora flavescens Ait. The fraction S-10-6 showed strong growth inhibition at 10 ppm on 5 strains of L. monocytogenes, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 14593 and Staphylococcus aureus KFCC 11764 but Esherichia coli ATCC 25922 was not inhibited at 100 ppm and also confirmed bactericidal effect at 30 and 50 ppm on 5 strains of L. monocytogenes. The antimicrobial compound S-10-6 was identified as kushenol F, a kind of flavanone compound, by EI/MS, $^1H-NMR\;and\;^{13}C-NMR$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1287-1292
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• 2001

The effect of Herricium erinaceus on the mutagenicity in salmonella assay and quinone reductase activity in hapalclc7 cells were studied. Antimutagenic as evaluated by Ames test, the extract and fractions of JHerricium erinaceus had no effects on the mutagenicity by themselves. However, methanol extract and fractions from Hericium erinaceus showed strong inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by N-methyl -N'-nitor-N- nitroso-guanidine (MNNG) and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P). Among the solvent fractions of methanol extract, the hexane fraction, the chloroform fraction and the ethylacetate fraction exhibited stronger inhibitory activity against MNNG and B(a)P induced mutagenesis than butanol and water fractions. The methanol extract, the extract, the chloroform and the ethylacetate fractions of Hericium erinaceus induced the activity of quinone reductase, an anticarcinogenic marker enzyme, in murine hepalclc7 cells while the others did have little effect on the enzyme activity.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.272-276
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• 2011

Paeonia japonica has been widely used as a folk remedy for a long time. This study was performed to investigate antimicrobial substance of P. japonica extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethylacetate, methanol or hot water. The antimicrobial activities of the P. japonica extracts were determined using a paper disc method and liquid culture. The methanol fraction at a concentration of 10 mg/mL showed the strongest antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhimurim KCCM 11862. The ethylacetate fraction (5 mg/mL) showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphyloccoccus aureus KCCM 11593. In a study using liquid culture, the ethylacetate fraction from P. japonica showed the highest anti-microbial activity against S. aureus KCCM 11593 in a concentration range of 5~10 mg/mL. All fractions prepared from P. japonica inhibited the growth of S. aureus KCCM 11593 under our culture conditions.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.4 s.139
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• pp.350-356
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• 2004

In a preliminary screening of plant extracts for the antigastritic and anti- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) actions in rats, the ethanol extract of Amomi Semen (AS) showed positive activity in HCl Ethanol-induced gastric lesions and H. pylori. Among the systematic fractions of hexane, chloroform, butanol and water, the most potent butanol fraction significantly reduced HCl, Ethanol-induced gastric lesions at the oral dose of 350 mg/kg. Also butanol fraction has an inhibitory effect on the growth of H. pylori $(MIC=1.43\;{\mu}g/mL)$. In pylorus ligated rats, butanol fraction showed decrease in the volume of gastric secretion and acid output, of which effects were stronger in other fractions. We isolated 6 subfractions by column chromatography. The protective effects of 6 subfractions of Amomi Semen were also significant in the HCl, Ethanol induced gastric lesion model. These results might suggest that they had inhibitory action in gastric lesion through inhibition of gastric acid secretion. Butanol fraction of AS can be applied as treatment of H. pylori. Butano fractions and ethanol extract of AS was carried out or the development of a new gastroprotective supplementary product.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.421-425
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• 2011

This experiment was carried out to obtain the cytotoxicity and antioxidative activity of Artemisiae Argi Folium. The total polyphenol contents in the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract and the methanol extract were 430.27mg/g and 427.84mg/g, respectively. In DPPH radical scavenging ability, $SC_{50}$ values of the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract and the methanol extract were 32.64 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and 27.70 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ as the same level of statistical with ascorbic acid. In the cytotoxicity measurement by MTT assay, the chloroform and hexane fraction, and each extract were exhibited higher cytotoxicity than the other fractions. In particular, the ethyl acetate fractions appeared high activity in DPPH radical scavenging ability were began to show cytotoxicity in 125 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. As a result, the ethyl acetate fraction of Artemisiae Argi Folium extract was the most highly active fraction in antioxidative activity. However, for the use of extracts and fractions from Artemisiae Argi Folium to related fields, the setting of appropriate concentration is required.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.113-121
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• 2008

Objectives In human myeloid leukemia cells, there are no specific features of apoptosis compared with apoptosis in other cell types. Solanum nigrum L.(SNL) is a deciduous tree, which is widely distributed in Korea with reported anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and non-specific immune-enhancing properties. Although the plant has been clinically used for treating a variety of diseases, its bioactive ingredients are unknown and its mode of action potential has never been investigated. Thus anti-tumor property of methanol extract was investigated. Methods In this study, anti-tumor property of methanol extract was investigated by determining its in vitro growth-inhibitory effects on human myeloid leukemia cells. XTT proliferation assay, DNA fragmentation, immunoblot analysis, densitometric analysis were used. Results 1. The methanol fraction of the extracts of SNL induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cells. 2. The methanol fraction exhibited relatively higher cytotoxic activity in a dose-dependent manner than chloroform, and hexane fraction. 3. Typical ladder profile of Oligonucleosomal fragments were appeared. 4. The secreted cytosolic cytochrome C level was increased by treatment of methanol fraction. Conclusions Methanol fraction of SNL is capable of inducing apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cells.