• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.15-35
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• 2013

Nowadays, online shopping has become popular among consumers. As such, gaining loyal online shopping customers has become a rising concern for online shopping vendors. In this study, we investigated the hierarchical relationships among Lewicki and Bunker's three different types of trust, namely, calculus-based trust, knowledge-based trust, and identification-based trust, in the context of online shopping and their impacts on customer satisfaction and loyalty. A total of 104 responses from online shopping users were analyzed to test the proposed model and its hypotheses using Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results showed that, in the online environment, hierarchical relationships between different types of trust exist and that, among them, knowledge-based trust has the strongest impact on customer satisfaction. This finding implied that practitioners should focus on developing appropriate online strategies for building trust-based relationships with online customers.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.155-176
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• 2015

This study examines the close relationship between trust and global business negotiations. Kristen Blankley(2010) pointed out three level of trust impacting each negotiation stage: calculus-, knowledge-, identification-based trust. In this regard, the present study examines the relationship between each level of trust and the process of business negotiations by focusing on Canadians and Koreans who had business negotiation experience with Chinese counterparts. For Canadian respondents, calculus-based trust and identification-based trust didn't have significant effects on the negotiation atmosphere, whereas they did for Korean respondents. For Canadian respondents, knowledge-based trust had the greatest effect on each step of the business negotiation process.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.399-408
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether leadership of team leaders and trust of team members have an effect on job commitment and satisfaction in fashion companies. A survey was conducted from December 8 to 22 in 2008, among team members of fashion companies. The data was collected with 464 subjects, the statistical analysis methods were frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows; first, contingent reward, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration of leadership had an effect on all factors of trust. Charisma of leadership had an effect on calculus-based trust and identification-based trust, but management by exception had an effect on knowledge-based trust. Second, calculus-based trust and identification-based trust about team leaders had an effect on job commitment and satisfaction of team members. Third, charisma, contingent reward and intellectual stimulation of leadership had an effect on job commitment and satisfaction of team members.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.69-87
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• 2017

This Research Attempted to Clarify the Eeffect of Privacy Concern and Institutional Trust on Privacy Decision based on Privacy Calculus Perspective. We Developed a Research Model Suggesting that the Influence of Privacy Benefit and Privacy risk on the Information Disclosure Behavior and the Influence of Privacy Concern and Institutional Trust on the Privacy Calculus. In this Regard, in Order to Examine the Difference According to the Target whose Personal Information was Collected, an Empirical Analysis was Conducted to Compare the E-commerce Field and LBS(Location Based Service) Field. The Results of Empirical Analysis are as follows. First, it is Founded that other Relations were All Statistically Significant Except the Relation between Privacy Risk and Information Disclosure Behavior in the LBS group. Next, as a Results of Comparison of Constructs in the E-commerce and Institutional trust than the LBS group, Identifying that the Consumers are more Sensitive to the Personal Information Collected in the E-commerce site.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.7-29
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• 2012

Smartphone and its applications (i.e. apps) are increasingly penetrating consumer markets. According to a recent report from Korea Communications Commission, nearly 50% of mobile subscribers in South Korea are smartphone users that accounts for over 25 million people. In particular, the importance of smartphone has risen as a geospatially-aware device that provides various location-based services (LBS) equipped with GPS capability. The popular LBS include map and navigation, traffic and transportation updates, shopping and coupon services, and location-sensitive social network services. Overall, the emerging location-based smartphone apps (LBA) offer significant value by providing greater connectivity, personalization, and information and entertainment in a location-specific context. Conversely, the rapid growth of LBA and their benefits have been accompanied by concerns over the collection and dissemination of individual users' personal information through ongoing tracking of their location, identity, preferences, and social behaviors. The majority of LBA users tend to agree and consent to the LBA provider's terms and privacy policy on use of location data to get the immediate services. This tendency further increases the potential risks of unprotected exposure of personal information and serious invasion and breaches of individual privacy. To address the complex issues surrounding LBA particularly from the user's behavioral perspective, this study applied the privacy calculus model (PCM) to explore the factors that influence the adoption of LBA. According to PCM, consumers are engaged in a dynamic adjustment process in which privacy risks are weighted against benefits of information disclosure. Consistent with the principal notion of PCM, we investigated how individual users make a risk-benefit assessment under which personalized service and locatability act as benefit-side factors and information privacy risks act as a risk-side factor accompanying LBA adoption. In addition, we consider the moderating role of trust on the service providers in the prohibiting effects of privacy risks on user intention to adopt LBA. Further we include perceived ease of use and usefulness as additional constructs to examine whether the technology acceptance model (TAM) can be applied in the context of LBA adoption. The research model with ten (10) hypotheses was tested using data gathered from 98 respondents through a quasi-experimental survey method. During the survey, each participant was asked to navigate the website where the experimental simulation of a LBA allows the participant to purchase time-and-location sensitive discounted tickets for nearby stores. Structural equations modeling using partial least square validated the instrument and the proposed model. The results showed that six (6) out of ten (10) hypotheses were supported. On the subject of the core PCM, H2 (locatability ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA) and H3 (privacy risks ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA) were supported, while H1 (personalization ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA) was not supported. Further, we could not any interaction effects (personalization X privacy risks, H4 & locatability X privacy risks, H5) on the intention to use LBA. In terms of privacy risks and trust, as mentioned above we found the significant negative influence from privacy risks on intention to use (H3), but positive influence from trust, which supported H6 (trust ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA). The moderating effect of trust on the negative relationship between privacy risks and intention to use LBA was tested and confirmed by supporting H7 (privacy risks X trust ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA). The two hypotheses regarding to the TAM, including H8 (perceived ease of use ${\rightarrow}$ perceived usefulness) and H9 (perceived ease of use ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA) were supported; however, H10 (perceived effectiveness ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA) was not supported. Results of this study offer the following key findings and implications. First the application of PCM was found to be a good analysis framework in the context of LBA adoption. Many of the hypotheses in the model were confirmed and the high value of $R^2$ (i.,e., 51%) indicated a good fit of the model. In particular, locatability and privacy risks are found to be the appropriate PCM-based antecedent variables. Second, the existence of moderating effect of trust on service provider suggests that the same marginal change in the level of privacy risks may differentially influence the intention to use LBA. That is, while the privacy risks increasingly become important social issues and will negatively influence the intention to use LBA, it is critical for LBA providers to build consumer trust and confidence to successfully mitigate this negative impact. Lastly, we could not find sufficient evidence that the intention to use LBA is influenced by perceived usefulness, which has been very well supported in most previous TAM research. This may suggest that more future research should examine the validity of applying TAM and further extend or modify it in the context of LBA or other similar smartphone apps.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.877-898
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• 2018

Purpose: This study empirically examines the effect of Communication Privacy Management(CPM) factors and Privacy Calculus factors to the intention to disclose Personal Health Information(PHI) in the context of healthcare ecosystem. Also, it investigates the moderating effects of CPM factors in the relationship between privacy calculus variables and the intention to disclose PHI. Methods: We conducted scenario-based repeated-measures quasiexperiment and used total 364 samples for analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis and repeated-measure ANOVA were employed using SPSS 24.0. Results: All CPM factors, such as type of information, requesting purpose, and requesting stakeholder, directly influence to the intention to disclose PHI, whereas only the medium trust out of the Privacy Calculus factors has direct influence on the intention to disclose PHI. With regard to the moderating effects, the requesting stakeholder is the most influential and the information type is the least influential construct. Conclusion: The findings suggest that healthcare system should be designed to provide more definite and personalized benefits to customers to enhance social and individual benefits by getting more participation from customers. Also, it is desirable that the requesting stakeholder of PHI would be non-profit organizations such as hospital, government or public agencies to secure more willingness of PHI from people. Furthermore, it is implied that extensive information gathering and utilization, instead of excluding sensitive information or critical patients' records, is recommended which is substantial to invigorate the healthcare industry.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2013

Purpose - This study examines the adverse press coverage that has increased in proportion to the remarkable growth of various kinds of franchise businesses in the food service industry. Today, the trust of franchisees in relation to their franchisor, and the maintenance of good relations between the two, has become a significant social issue. This study investigates relationship satisfaction and the long-term commitment between the franchisor and franchisee. Research design, data, methodology - We used a path analysis to investigate the relationship between justice and trust, trust and relationship satisfaction, justice and relationship satisfaction, trust and long-term commitment, and relationship satisfaction and long-term commitment. Structural Equation Modeling and a Sobel test were used to investigate the mediating effects of trust and relationship satisfaction. Data were collected from 237 Food Franchisees in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province in order to test the theoretical model and its hypotheses. Two research methodologies are generally used in the distribution management field. For this study, an empirical method was used. Results - A causal analysis was carried out to test if the research model has a sufficient fit index (for instance, χ² = 46.694, df = 10, p = .000, GFI = 0.946, AGFI = 0.850, RMR = 0.034, NFI = 0.966, CFI = 0.973), and the results showed that the model was sufficient, thus demonstrating the suitability of the research model. Each hypothesis had a positive influence, both on long-term commitment and relationship satisfaction. Justice with the franchisor had a positive influence on trust. Relation satisfaction cognized by franchisees was found to positively influence long-term commitment. The franchisee perception of justice in relation to the franchisor had no significant influence on long-term commitment. The study investigated the hypothesis that trust could mediate justice and long-term commitment, and that relationship satisfaction could also mediate long-term commitment Both trust and relationship satisfaction were found to be important for long-term commitment. Specifically, trust sub-factors and justice sub-factors influenced long-term commitment. Identification-based and knowledge-based trust were more important than calculus-based trust. Distributive justice was deemed more important than procedural justice; distributive justice should thus be strengthened. Conclusions - Both franchisor and franchisee were independent businesses. Evidently however, the franchisor could not ensure profit without long-term commitment from the franchisee. As for the success of the franchise business, the franchisor should carry out appropriate strategies leading to a satisfactory relationship. For example, transparency makes it possible to maintain and enhance trust and to improve relationship satisfaction. Just relations between franchisor and franchisee should make it possible to maintain and enhance the franchisee's trust. The franchisor should provide a variety of information with respect to the franchisee's business success. Finally, in order to improve the franchisee's long-term commitment, the franchisor should ensure a just approach with trust and relationship satisfaction among their strategies.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.1291-1312
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• 2013

Cloud computing changes the service models of information systems and accelerates the pace of technological innovation of consumer electronics. However, it also brings new security issues. As one of the important foundations of various cloud security solutions, entity authentication is attracting increasing interest of many researchers. This article proposes a layered security architecture to provide a trust transmission mechanism among cloud systems maintained by different organizations. Based on the security architecture, four protocols are proposed to implement mutual authentication, data sharing and secure data transmission in federated cloud systems. The protocols not only can ensure the confidentiality of the data transferred, but also resist man-in-the-middle attacks and masquerading attacks. Additionally, the security properties of the four protocols have been proved by S-pi calculus formal verification. Finally, the performance of the protocols is investigated in a lab environment and the feasibility of the security architecture has been verified under a hybrid cloud system.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2022

With the revision of the Credit Information Use and Protection Act in August 2020, the MyData service based on open banking policy will take effect in January 2022. Nonetheless, the previous studies focused on the legal system or security-related issues of such service. Therefore, this paper conducted an empirical study on financial consumers aged 20 or older nationwide to analyze the factors which influence the intention to use MyData services based on open banking. Five characteristics representing open banking-based MyData service were derived through prior research, and a research model that combined value-based adoption model and privacy calculus theory was presented. The proposed research model and the relationship of its variables was analyzed using a sample of 400 users that is randomly selected. The results of empirical analysis showed that personalization had the greatest influence on benefits and reliability on sacrifice among service characteristics. They also suggested that MyData operators should devote themselves to providing customized services optimized for customers and establishing trust relationships. It was confirmed that both usefulness and enjoyment had a great influence on perceived value, and in terms of sacrifice, the burden of financial costs had a greater influence than privacy concerns. This study is meaningful in that it explored the psychological propensity of financial consumers to identify service utilization factors and presented a new approach that can contribute to the successful settlement of the domestic MyData industry.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.165-187
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• 2023

The continuous increase in life expectancy and high interest in health has brought about significant changes in the use of health information by the public according to the development of information technology represented by the Internet and smartphones. As the medical market expands to the mobile health environment, many health-related apps have been created and distributed, but the acceptance rate is slow as it has become challenging to provide services due to various regulations. In this study, perceived value, perceived risk factors (psychological risk, risk of time-loss, legal risk), and perceived benefits (usefulness, interaction, autonomy) were derived and verified as factors that affect the acceptance resistance of personal health record apps based on the privacy calculation model. In addition, by analyzing the moderating effect of trust in the manufacturer, how the perceived risk and perceived benefit affect the perceived value was verified. A survey was conducted on Korean college students who recognized the personal health record apps but did not use them, and 127 samples were analyzed using structural equations. As a result of hypothesis verification, perceived value has a negative effect on acceptance resistance, perceived risk (risk of time-loss) has a negative effect on perceived value, and perceived benefits (usefulness, interaction, autonomy) were found to have a positive effect on perceived value. Trust in manufacturers has weakened the impact of perceived risks (legal risk) on perceived values. This study is expected to play an important role in maintaining a competitive advantage in the personal health record app market environment by identifying and proposing detailed criteria for reducing the acceptance resistance of personal health record apps.