• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.453-468
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• 2016

This study is a result of experiment to recognize geometric and spacial conceptions for early childhood. This researcher had built up Mandala figures which was an intermediary between consciousness and unconsciousness, and then have studied about early childhood's geometric and spatial concepts by using Mandala figures. In this paper, authors have studied fractal art activities of early childhood as a follow-up study, since the structure of fractal art is similar to Mandala. As a result, three years old young children have significant correlation in four areas(figure perception, visual discrimination, position-in space perception and visual memory), but five years old young children have significant in three areas(figure perception, position-in space perception and visual memory). For five years old group, there is some difference between boys and girls, also they had described for their art activities like real models.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.330-339
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the dietary habits and nutritional status of young children in Korea. Methods: Data were collected from the 2013 ~ 2015 KNHNES (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) by health behavior interviews and the 24-hour dietary recall method. This study included 1,214 (445 aged 1 ~ 2 years, 769 aged 3 ~ 5 years) young children aged 1 ~ 5 years. To analyze the dietary status of young children, the general characteristics of young children and their mothers, their dietary behaviors and health factors, and nutritional status and frequently consumed foods were analyzed. Results: The starting time of bovine milk and weaning were 14 ~ 15 months and 6.2 months, respectively. Eighty two percent of young children ate breakfast 5 ~ 7 times per week while only 2.3% of them skipped breakfast. The highest percentage (35.8%) of the frequency of eating-out was 5 ~ 6 times per week. The prevalence of asthma, atopy, and allergic rhinitis was significantly higher in young children 3 ~ 5 years old than in those 1 ~ 2 years old. The subjects with lower recommended energy intake were 44.1% and 57.4% of young children 1 ~ 2 years old and 3 ~ 5 years old, respectively. Most nutrients except calcium and potassium were taken enough. For the intakes of calcium and potassium, 51% and 64% of young children 1 ~ 2 years and 3 ~ 5 years old, respectively, were taking less than the recommended calcium intake, and 79.5% and 75.5% of young children 1 ~ 2 years and 3 ~ 5 years old, respectively, did not meet the recommended potassium intake. The frequently consumed foods of young children 1 ~ 2 years old were milk, white rice, apple, curd yogurt, and egg, and those of 3 ~ 5 years old children were milk, white rice, apple, egg, and mandarin. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used to provide basic data for the nutritional education of mothers and teachers and assist in the development of sustainable dietary programs for young children.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.107-127
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in children's reading abilities of environmental print and phonological awareness by children's age and the relationship between children's reading abilities of environmental print and phonological awareness. The subjects were 90 children, 3 to 4 years of age. The Children's Reading Abilities of Environmental Print Scale (CRAEPS) developed by Son (2012) and Phonological Awareness Scale (PAS) revised by Choi (2007) were used to measure children's reading ability of environmental prints and phonological awareness. The results of this study were as follows: Firstly, 4-year-olds performed significantly better than 3-year-olds on the environmental print reading tasks. Also, 4 year-olds scored significantly higher than 3-year-olds in syllable counting, syllable deletion, and phoneme substitution. Secondly, children's scores on the environmental print reading tasks were positively correlated with phonological awareness. In other words, the 3-year-olds who could read environmental prints better got higher scores in syllable counting and the 4-year-olds who could read environmental prints better got higher scores in syllable counting, syllable deletion, and phoneme substitution.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.680-685
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• 2015

The purpose for this study is to research the perception of happiness among the kindergarten young children. The subjects were kindergarten young children of 6, 7 years old in Kwangju. The finding of this study were as follows : 1. kindergarten young children of 6, 7 years old considered that the most important elements of happiness to have a positive mind, to be loved. And kindergarten young children of 7 years old perceived spend time with family as happiness. 2. 'the most moment when you feel happy" perceived that the most important elements of happiness were to be loved, play with children and to spend time with children. 3. 'To be happy' perceived that the most important elements of happiness were the relationship of parents and friends. Especially, seven years old children perceived to be able to do self-development. Therefore, I suggested it is necessary to study a program of young children's happiness, a program of parent's participation for young children's happiness in kindergarten, and a program of young children' career education.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.153-157
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• 2012

본 연구는 수 과학의 과정중심 통합 활동이 유아들의 과학적 탐구능력과 태도에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고 현장에서의 효율적인 교수학습 및 환경구성을 마련하는데 연구의 목적을 두고 있다. 연구대상은 전라북도 I시에 위치한 W대학 부속 유치원 만3세 만5세 유아 89명을 대상으로 각 연령별 주제를 선정하여(만3세 유아는 알, 콩, 열매, 과자, 만5세 유아는 공룡, 감자, 물, 그림자, 색깔이라는 주제 선정) 수 과학의 과정중심 통합 활동을 실행하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS for Windows 프로그램을 이용하여 대응표본 t검증을 실시하였다. 수 과학의 과정중심 통합 활동을 실시한 결과 과학적 탐구 능력과 과학적 태도를 구성하고 있는 각 하위 요인들이 연령별, 성별로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 수 과학 과정중심 통합 활동이 만3세 5세 유아들에게 긍정적인 영향을 주는 활동임을 시사하고 있다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.52-59
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• 2012

Children develop their language skill rapidly between age 3 and 5. To meet the child's language development through a variety of experiences, it is necessary to develop age-appropriate contents. So it needs to develop various contents using speech interface for children, but there is no speech database of korean children. In this paper, we develop speech database of 3 to 5 years old children in korean. For collecting accurate children's speech, child education experts examine in the speech database development process. The words for database are selected from MCDI-K in two stage and children speak a word three times. Such collected speech are tokenized by child and word and stored in database. This speech database will be transferred through web and, hopefully, be the foundation of development of children-oriented contents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.292-304
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• 2021

Purpose: This study investigated the association between the mothers' use of home meal replacement (HMR) in their children's meals and the diet quality of their young children. Methods: Three hundred and thirty-seven mothers with five-year-old kindergartners in Sejong city participated in the survey from June to July 2020. The questionnaire consisted of the status of HMR use in children's meals and questions for assessing the nutrition quotient for preschoolers (NQ-P). The subjects were classified into three groups according to the frequency of HMR use in children's meals: using HMR more than three times a week (high-frequency group; [HG], n = 65), one-two times a week (moderate-frequency group; [MG], n = 145), and less than once a week (low-frequency group; [LG], n = 130). Results: The mothers' mean age was 38.3 years. The average monthly cost of purchasing HMRs was highest at 200,000-300,000 won in HG, 50,000-100,000 won in MG, and less than 50,000 won in LG (p < 0.001). The consumption frequency of processed meats, fast foods, processed beverages, and sweet & fatty snacks was significantly higher in the HG group than the other groups. The mean NQ-P score was 60.5 in HG, 63.0 in MG, and 64.5 in LG, showing a significant difference (p < 0.01). In the sub-score according to the three areas, there were no significant differences in balance and environment among the three groups. In the moderation area, however, the score was 44.1 in HG, 51.3 in MG, and 57.5 in LG Group, showing a significant difference (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The increase in HMR use was related to the decreased diet quality in the overall and moderation areas of children's diet. These results support the importance of nutrition education for mothers, which aims to reduce their children's access and exposure to processed foods, such as HMR.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.470-479
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• 2012

This study was designed to investigate and analyze children's preference on animation characters according to age and gender of the subjects, by surveying 255 children aged from 3 to 5. The animation characters were represented in pictures, and the reasons of preference were collected through individual interview with the children. The $x^2$ verification of SPSS 18.0 Window statistic program was used to verify the difference in preference. As a result, children aged from 3 to 5 showed higher preference on animations produced in foreign countries than the ones produced in Korea, as Korean animations and foreign-country animations had preference rate of 35.7% and 64.3%, and Korean characters and foreign-country characters had preference rate of 22.4% and 77.6% respectively. Depending on the age of children, there was significant difference among animation characters that the children prefer ($x^2=302.474^{***}$, P<.001), and it was shown that children at the age of 3 showed preference on 'Pororo' of Pororo the Little Penguin, children at the age of 4 on 'Tayo' of Tayo the Little Bus and 'Amu' of Shugo Chara, and children at the age of 5 on 'Shin Chan' of Crayon Shin Chan. It was also revealed that there was significant difference among animation characters according to the gender of children ($x^2=120.864^{***}$, P<.001); boys preferred 'Pororo' of Pororo the Little Penguin the most, followed by 'Doraemon' of Doraemon, 'Thomas' of Thomas and Friends and 'Tayo' of Tayo the Little Bus, and girls preferred 'Pororo' of Pororo the Little Penguin the most, followed by 'Apple' of Little Princess, 'Amu' of Shugo Chara and 'Loopy' of Pororo the Little Penguin. Through this study, it is hoped that the development of children animation would advance further, and that this study could be used as the preliminary resource.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.511-521
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to review the perspective on early childhood language education by analyzing language activities specified in the Teacher's guide to Nuri Curriculum for Children between Age 3 to 5. In the pursuit of this purpose, 966 language educational activities suggested in 32 guidebooks(10 for age 3, 11 for age 4, 11 for age 5 - divided by life themes) have been chosen as the analysis object and analyzed based on the following category; subordinate scope, and activity type. This analysis showed that children aged 3~5 start their language activities in the order of talking, listening, reading and writing (under the subordinate scope category), and favors activities in the order of 'fairy tale/poem', 'story telling' and 'verbal section'. In conclusion, it has been proven that each category is concentrating on 1~2 activities and the proportion varies depending on the age. Based on the above result, we intend to examine the current situation of language education and use this study as the preliminary data to provide a proper direction for early childhood language education.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.177-198
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• 2015

This study is aimed at a comparison analyzing the contents of child 'safety education' in Three-four-year-old Nuri curriculum manual for teachers related activity type and activity form, life theme based on the criteria of analysis. First, the number of contents of child 'safety education' included in the 3 year old Nuri curriculum manual for teachers was 136, and among them, 71(52.2%) were from in big and small group activity. Total 124 contents were in 4-year old group and showed 58(46.8%) contents in big and small group activity. Second, it was identified that the Three-four-year-old Nuri curriculum handled highest number of child 'safety education' activities. Twenty-five activities from 'appliances' among a total of 127 child 'safety education' activities were included and included 21 activities in contents of 'safety for object, tool, and apparatus.' Thirty-three activities among 'health and safety' among a total of 131 child 'safety education' activities were included and it was identified that the highest number of child 'safety education' activities were conducted in 'safety for disease' contents. It will be hope to suggest some of the providing child 'safety education' of Three-four-year-old in education field, and to provide basic data for planning and suggesting directions for various training related to child safety education. Moreover, this study intends to provide basic data for composing necessary manual and program for child 'safety education' and to provide basic data for expanding the safety experience facility.