• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.581-609
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• 2013

Students' learning processes and mathematical levels should be correctly diagnosed in many different methods of assessment to help students learn mathematics. The study developed the model for the process-based assessment while using manipulatives in the middle school in order to improve problem solving, reasoning and communication which are emphasized in 2009 reformed curriculum as the areas of mathematical process. Identifying the principles of assessment, we created the assessment model for each area and carried out a preliminary study. Based on this, we revised the representative items and the observation checklist and then conducted a main study. Through the results of assessment, we found that students' thinking processes were well presented in scoring rubric for their responses on each item. It meant that the purpose of the assessment as a criterion-referenced test was achieved.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.43-49
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• 2019

The wired and wireless Internet is a useful window to easily acquire various types of media data. On the other hand, the public can easily get the media data including the object to which the personal information is exposed, which is a social problem. In this paper, we propose a method to robustly detect a target object that has exposed personal information using a learning algorithm and effectively block the detected target object area. In the proposed method, only the target object containing the personal information is detected using a neural network-based learning algorithm. Then, a grid-like mosaic is created and overlapped on the target object area detected in the previous step, thereby effectively blocking the object area containing the personal information. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm robustly detects the object area in which personal information is exposed and effectively blocks the detected area through mosaic processing. The object blocking method presented in this paper is expected to be useful in many applications related to computer vision.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.173-184
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• 2014

The ability to need information-oriented society is the convergence ability based in information ability. A new curriculum is demanded by new technology and circumstance to need the core ability. Korea Association of Information Education have studied a new curriculum and suggest a new plan that content of information education classified by 'computer system', 'SW production' and 'convergence activities'. Therefore, we studied on convergence activities of K-9. In this paper we firstly suggested concept of convergence ability as activities to use ICT, information communication ethics and robot. We nextly suggested object to achieve, teaching-learning methods and evaluation methods of convergence activities. We expect the curriculum we suggested about convergence activities will contribute to training talented individuals.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.14-22
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• 2012

Introduction : The purpose of scholarly paper is to review of motor learning concepts and to examine in integration of motor learning research finding in occupational therapy services for adults with hemiplegia. Body : The principles of motor learning is stage of learning, type of task, practice and feedback. Depending on stage of learning, therapist need to apply of the principles. In early stage of learning, therapists should be promote patient's awareness about therapeutic goals, task performance environment and how to perform. Whole practice, blocked practice and constant practice improve performance skill. In the latter stage of learning, therapists have to design a intervention protocol for patient to use the implicit feedback. Random practice and open task facilitates performance skills. Conclusion : When establishing the a intervention plan for adults with hemiplegia, therapists should systematically developed the principles of motor learning. Intervention program must be established by applying the principles of motor learning in accordance with the learner's level of task performance, and modified depending on the therapeutic progress.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.693-711
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• 2009

One of the most important objectives in science education is to develop students' science literacy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relevance between biology instructional objectives in the 7th curriculum taught in elementary and secondary schools. For this study, 7 major parts in each grade were analyzed including cell, the form and function of plants, the form and function of animals, genetics, diversity, evolution, ecology, and environment. The strand map of instructional objectives is completed that represents the relation between the objectives. The summary of the results from this study is as follows. First, the concept about cells is not fully covered in lower grades including elementary schools. While the concept of energy metabolism is repeatedly covered, there is no concept of energy covered in learning the concept of energy metabolism in elementary schools. Second, the textbooks in elementary and middle schools have main concepts about the form and function of plants while those in high schools don't. The concept related to the part of the form and function of animals is repeatedly involved in the curriculum throughout the elementary, middle, and high schools. Third, the concepts such as genetics and evolution are involved in higher grades since these concepts are abstract ones. The part of genetics and evolution as well as diversity has no connection between grades in schools, so the development of "notion between" is necessary to relate these concepts with each other. Fourth, the 4 parts of diversity, ecology and environment, evolution, and the form and function of plants are covered in limited grade levels. The results of the relevance of gene in lesson goals will play an important rein as the primary material in developing the connection between textbooks in which lesson goals are closely related to each other throughout all grade levels in elementary, middle and high schools.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.107-115
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• 2023

This study was conducted to test the effect of flipped learning on academic self-efficacy, achievement goal, cognitive engagement of nursing students. This study used a one group pre-post test design. Participants were 91 students who were taking the health and physical assessment in nursing. The flipped learning was provided for 5 times (10 hours). The data of 91 people who agreed to the study and responded to the pre and post questionnaires were analyzed. Data were collected between September 26 and November 25, 2022. Data were analyzed by frequencies, paired t-test using SPSS WIN 24.0. The results showed that self-efficacy of learning(t=-5.445, p<.001), and cognitive engagement(t=-2.120, p=.035) increased significantly. As a result of the study, it was proved that flipped learning is effective for self-efficacy of learning and cognitive engagement. But it is necessary to conduct repeated studies due to limitations in research design, and to explore ways to utilize various teaching-learning strategies to improve the learning ability and clinical performance of nursing students.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.164-183
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop a STEAM program based on reverse engineering. To achieve the purpose of this study, STEAM program was developed on the subject of autonomous vehicle. The results of this study are summarized as follows. The program was developed based on STEAM program development model based on reverse engineering. Developed in a five step procedure (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation) with the subject of autonomous vehicle. First, in the analysis step, we explored the definition, goal, content area, and teaching and learning methods of STEAM based on reverse engineering. We extracted the goals and content areas to be included in the educational program. Second, in the design step, topics were selected through consultation with experts. At this time, based on the linkage between the 2015 revised curriculum and the STEAM curriculum, we selected and organized educational goals and learning contents. Third, in the development step, we developed a teacher 's guidebook and student' s textbook, and applied the program to 71 students in the second grade of OO middle school in Seoul. Fifth, at the evaluation stage, the evaluation was made by experts and students based on the program that was implemented, and revised and supplemented based on the results.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Strengthening self-directed learning ability is established as one of the goals of gifted education in Korea. In addition, it should be noted that self-directed learning can be realized in variety of ways as favorable conditions and environments are fostered to provide gifted education utilizing program. in the recent days. But, gifted learning programs for programming are programmed for information gifted student. Therefore, we have analyzed in this study the effects of improvement on self-directed learning ability of mathematically gifted student through class utilizing app inventor program for self-directed learning ability. Built up from the 4th and 5th grade to elementary math one class for gifted children complete by making math quiz, we use the app inventor to activity. The result of experiment showed very significant difference in the post-survey to less than .002 in the pre-survey in terms of three domains, which are intrinsic motivation, the openness of learning opportunities and autonomy which corresponds to sub-elements of self-directed learning ability. We could verify from the result of the study that mathematically gifted student learning program utilizing app development activity have positive effects on self-directed learning ability of mathematically gifted students.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.363-369
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• 2010

Demonstration-based learning has the advantage that a user can easily teach his/her robot new task knowledge just by demonstrating directly how to perform the task. However, many previous demonstration-based learning techniques used a kind of attribute-value vector model to represent their state spaces and policies. Due to the limitation of this model, they suffered from both low efficiency of the learning process and low reusability of the learned policy. In this paper, we present a new demonstration-based learning method, in which the relational model is adopted in place of the attribute-value model. Applying the relational instance-based learning to the training examples extracted from the records of the user demonstrations, the method derives a relational instance-based policy which can be easily utilized for other similar tasks in the same domain. A relational policy maps a context, represented as a pair of (state, goal), to a corresponding action to be executed. In this paper, we give a detail explanation of our demonstration-based relational policy learning method, and then analyze the effectiveness of our learning method through some experiments using a robot simulator.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.373-376
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• 2004

최근에 뇌파를 이용하여 컴퓨터와 통신하거나 기기를 제어할 수 있는 이른바 뇌-컴퓨터 인터페이스BCI(Brain-Computer Interface)에 대한 연구가 대두되고 있다. 이러한 BCI 연구의 궁극적 목표는 다양한 정신상태에 따른 뇌파의 특성을 파악하여 컴퓨터나 기기 등을 제어하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 움직임과 관련 있는 10～12Hz의 mu파 영역에서의 ERD/ERS를 계산하였고, 그 결과 왼쪽과 오른쪽 손의 움직임을 상상할 때에 운동과 관련된 기능이 집중되어 있는 일차운동영역(primary motor area)의 mu파에서 ERD/ERS의 차이가 나타남을 발견하였다 또한, RLS방법을 사용한 Adaptive Autoregressive Model 계수의 특징을 추출을 하였으며, 이를 신경망으로 학습시켜 인식률을 비교하였다.