• Title/Summary/Keyword: 하순

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Spatial Pattern Analysis for Distribution of Migratory Insect Pests at Paddy Field in Jeolla-province (전라도 지역 논벼에서 비래해충 개체군 분포의 공간패턴분석)

  • Park, Taechul;Choe, Hojeong;Jeong, Hyoujin;Jang, Hojung;Kim, Kwang Ho;Park, Jung-Joon
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.57 no.4
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    • pp.361-372
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    • 2018
  • Migratory insect pest populations migrate from the southern China to Korea through jet streams. In Korea, 5 major migratory insect species are important, i.e. Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, Laodelphax striatellus, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Mythimma separate, which are damages to the major crops, rice. This study was conducted from late July 2016 to early September 2016 and from July 2017 to August 2017 in rice paddy of Jeolla-province. C. medinalis and M. separata collected using pheromone traps, while N. lugens, S. furcifera and L. striatellus collected using 3 methods (visual surveys, sweeping surveys, sticky traps). SADIE (Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs) among geostatistics was used to analyze migratory insect pests. SADIE was used to analyze spatial distribution and index of aggregation $I_a$, index of clustering $V_i$, $V_j$ were used to investigate the spatial distribution. Also, the clustering indices were mapped as red-blue plot. C. medinalis and M. separata showed different distribution based on SADIE spatial aggregation analysis and red-blue plot analysis. Initial spatial distributions of L. striatellus and other planthoppers were differed for sampling location and time.

Evaluating Pesticides for Controlling Apolygus spinolae and A. lucorum Mirid Bug Population Patterns in Jujube Orchards in Boeun, Chungbuk (충북 보은지역 대추나무의 장님노린재 발생 특성 및 활용 가능한 살충제 선발)

  • Lee, Seongkyun;Kang, Hyo-Jung;Lee, Kyeong Hee;Oh, Ha Kyung;Park, Heesoon;Shin, Hyunman
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.58 no.3
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    • pp.197-202
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    • 2019
  • Jujube tree farms need effective methods of pest control to reduce damage caused by mirid bugs. In this study, we measured the density of mirid bug populations in jujube trees and tested the efficacy of various insecticides. We observed seasonal density patterns, where nymphs were observed from early May to the middle of July; and adults were observed from the end of May to the middle or end of July. Furthermore, we measured the density of two types of mirid bug species, Apolygus spinolae and A. lucorum. Among 45 damaged jujube trees, the dominant species of mirid bugs was A. spinolae (89%). We tested 7 types of insecticides to control mirid bug populations, including pyrifluquinazon, deltamethrin, diazinon, dinotefuran, etofenprox, fenitrothion, and bifenthrin, showing over 80% efficacy. Thus, in this study, we showed that using insecticides was effective for controlling mirid bug populations on jujube trees.

Weather Effect and Response of Promoted Rice Varieties on Fusarium Infection in Paddy Field (벼 붉은곰팡이병 감염에 대한 기상조건의 영향과 장려품종의 반응)

  • Lee, Theresa;Jang, Ja Yeong;Kim, Jeomsoon;Ryu, Jae-Gee
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.313-320
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    • 2018
  • Fusarium infection rate of the paddy rice grain after harvest seemed to be influenced by the average temperature from late July (before heading) to the end of September (during ripening). In case of 2010 and 2013 in which average temperature of the same period was similar, Fusarium infection was related to cumulative precipitation, cumulative precipitation days, and precipitation durations over two days. The distribution ratio of Fusarium species complex isolated from paddy rice grains after harvest was 57% in 2010 and 45% in 2013 for Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC), 35% and 50% for Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex, and 8% and 5% for Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC). The distribution ratios of FGSC and FFSC were higher in 2010 than 2013. Among the total 26 promoted rice varieties, the 'Mihyang' showed resistant response against the natural infection with Fusarium species belonging to FGSC and the varieties of 'Nampyeong', 'Hi-ami'and 'Younghojinmi' showed resistant response against the natural infection with overall Fusarium pathogens. Majority of the promoted rice varieties could not be classified for resistance or susceptibility. These results are valuable as basic data to determine the resistance and susceptibility of rice variety against Fusarium spp. infection in the field.

Effectiveness of Net Traps and Clove Oil in Controlling Large Black Chafers Beetle (Holotrichia parallela ) in Organic Pear Orchards (유기재배 배 과수원에서 그물망과 정향유 처리가 큰검정풍뎅이 방제에 미치는 영향)

  • Seo, Ho-Jin;Choi, Eu Ddeum;Song, Janghoon
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.58 no.2
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    • pp.159-164
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate whether leaf damage in pear orchards caused by large black chafer beetles can be controlled through net traps and clove oil treatment. In June 2017, we measured large black chafer beetle population density and leaf damage rates in two orchards, located in Boseong and Hampyeong, under three treatments: net, net plus clove oil, and control. In order to evaluate the effect of net position on the adult beetles, nets were placed outside the orchard and along the upper and lower parts of a horizontal trellis. The adult beetle population density was 20.4 to 34.7% lower in the net alone treatment, and 21.1 to 38.1% lower in the combined net and clove oil treatment than in the control. The adult beetle population density was 10.9-14.4 times higher outside the orchard and 5.1 to 9.1 times higher in the upper parts of the horizontal trellis than in the lower parts of the horizontal trellis. Leaf damage under both the net only and net plus clove oil treatments was significantly lower than that in the control at both sites. Therefore, intensive net installation around orchards may be a practical organic alternative to prevent leaf damage caused by large black chafer beetles.

Skin Anti-aging and Anti-wrinkle Effects of Pinus koreaiensis Seed Oil (해송자 오일의 피부 항노화 및 주름 개선 효과)

  • Kim, Hyung-Mook;Kim, Tae-Jun;Im, Dong-bin;Ha, Sun-Bong;Kim, Ee-Hwa;Cha, Byung-Sun;Heo, Hyo-Jin;Brito, Sofia;Lee, Yong-Moon;Bin, Bum-Ho;Kwak, Byeong-Mun
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2021
  • Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigated the anti-aging and anti-wrinkles effects of the pinus koreaiensis seed(PKS) oil. Methods : The anti-oxidant effect was performed by beta-carotene bleaching assay and the intracellular proteome was analyzed expression of each 15 proteins by 2-D electrophoresis. And fatty acid was analysed by gas chromatography. Anti-wrinkle effect was analyzing human skin by the PRIMOS system. Results : Fatty acid analysis of PKS oil has shown oleic acid was 49.7% and linoleic acid was 34.1%. And the antioxidant effect was about 125% compared with alpha-tocoperol(0.1%) by beta carotene bleaching assay. In 2D PAGE analysis, fifteen protein changes in five mechanisms which was collagen synthesis pathway, MMPs, ECM-cell interaction, cytokine, antioxidant enzymes were analyzed. In case of anti-wrinkle effect was proved in vivo by analyzing human skin by the PRIMOS system. The analysis results of eye wrinkles for 4 weeks showed an improvement effect of over 6%. Conclusions : In this study, the amount of protein change in the five mechanism through the cell experiment and the skin anti wrinkle efficacy by the human in vivo test were investigated. As a result pinus koreaiensis seed oil by supercritical extraction could be used as a anti-aging and anti-wrinkle substance for the skin.

Morphological and Genetic Species Identification in the Chironomidae Larvae Found in Tap Water Purification Plants in Jeju (제주 정수장에서 출현한 깔따구과 유충의 형태 및 유전학적 분석)

  • Kwak, Ihn-Sil;Park, Jae-Won;Kim, Won-Seok;Park, Kiyun
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.54 no.3
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    • pp.240-246
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    • 2021
  • The Chironomidae is a benthic macroinvertebrate commonly found in freshwater ecosystems, along with Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera, which can be used for environmental health assessments. There are approximately 15,000 species of Chironomidae worldwide, but there are limited studies on species identification of domestic Chironomidae larvae. In the present study, we carried out species classification of the Chironomidae larvae that found in Jeju's tap water purification plants using morphological characteristics and genetic identification based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of the mitochondrial DNA. Body shape, mentum, antenna, mandible in the head capsule, and claws were observed in the larvae for morphological classification. Analysis of 17 larvae collected from faucets and fire hydrants of domestic tap water purification plants revealed the presence of two species, including 14 Orthocladius tamarutilus and 3 Paratrichocladius tammaater. These results will aid the use of the criteria information about species classification of the Chironomidae for water quality management in water purification plants and diversity monitoring of freshwater environments.

Status of Fusarium Wilt Incidence on Summer Radish and Etiological Characteristics of the Causal Fungus in Korea (고랭지 여름 무에서 시들음병 발생 현황과 병원균의 병원학적 특성 연구)

  • Hong, Sung Kee;Ko, Hyoungrai;Choi, Hyo-Won;Lee, Youngkee;Kim, Jeomsoon
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.256-263
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    • 2020
  • Incidence of Fusarium wilt was surveyed in fields of summer radish in Gangwon province in Korea in 2018 and 2019. The disease started in early July and spread rapidly in hot summer of late July and August and in severe case, reached up to 80% in a field in Gangneung area. Symptoms in the seedling stage include poor growth and browning of internal tissue of root. During mid-growth, the leaves of diseased plant turned yellow over time, the surface of the roots changed from white to blackish, and the vascular tissues turned brown. A total of 23 isolates was obtained from the diseased plants and identified as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani by elongation factor-1α and intergenic spacer sequence analysis. Pathogenicity of the isolates was tested by artificial inoculation to the radish and other plants. All the isolates tested were pathogenic to radish plant, although there were differences in virulence on radish 11 cultivars. However, the isolates were not virulent to other plants except some cruciferous vegetables including Brussels sprouts, rocket, stock, and turnip. The results of pathogenicity test showed that it is necessary to rotate with crops other than cruciferous vegetables in order to prevent Fusarium wilt from radish fields.

Occurrence Status of Whitefly Populations in Major Domestic Cultivation Areas of Tomatoes (국내 주요 토마토 주산지에서 발생하는 가루이류 발생현황)

  • Seo, Mi Hye;Cho, Young Sik;Yang, Chang Yeol;Yoon, Jung Beom
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.59 no.4
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    • pp.411-416
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    • 2020
  • Whitefly populations found in heated tomato greenhouses were monitored across three locations in Korea (Nonsan and Buyeo, Chungnam Province; Iksan, Jeonbuk Province) from November to May during the 2015 -2018 growing seasons. From May to October, surveys were conducted in Jangsu (Jeonbuk Province), where retarding cultivation was performed. Whitefly populations were classified and quantified by location and year. The dominant species were Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). The species populations were mixed, but the frequency of occurrece of B. tabaci was higher than that of T. vaporariorum. Although whitefly populations started to increase in late March, they sharply increased in May and the highest population density was observed at the end of the harvest season. Therefore, the management of greenhouse tomato whiteflies through monitoring should begin in early March. In the case of retarding cultivation, the management of whitefly populations should be implemented in June, before the density of whitefly populations increases.

Investigation of the Ptimum Transplanting Date for Floury Endosperm Rice to Reduce the Viviparity Rate (쌀가루 가공용 벼 품종의 수발아 발생 감소를 위한 적합 이앙시기 설정)

  • Hwang, Woon-Ha;Choi, Meong-Gue;Jeong, Jae-Hyeok;Lee, Hyen-Seok;Yang, Seo-Yeong;Lee, Chung-gun
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.66 no.4
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    • pp.289-296
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    • 2021
  • This study aimed to analyze the optimal transplanting date of the floury endosperm rice varieties Hangaru, Seolgeang, Singil, and Baromi2 allowing to reduce the viviparity rate. The viviparity rate rapidly increased with the mean temperature during the ripening stage. Therefore, to reduce the viviparity rate, we calculated the optimum heading date based on the safe heading date limit in each area so that the ripening stage occurred at lower temperatures. hen, the effects of changes in heading date were monitored by recording the transplanting date and the temperature during the growth period. The transplanting date was highly correlated with the number of heading days in the field. Therefore, the optimum transplanting date was calculated according to the transplanting date in each area. When the accumulated temperature was 700℃, if floury rice was transplanted at the optimum transplanting date, the mean temperature was approximately 20℃. When the accumulated temperature was 900℃, the mean temperature was approximately 18℃. Under these conditions, the viviparity rates of Hangaru, Seolgeang, and Singil rice were lower than 10%. However, Baromi2 showed a high viviparity rate. These results suggest that the viviparity rate of Hangaru, Seolgeang, and Singil rice can be reduced by transplanting at the optimum transplanting date. However, further research is required for pinpointing the optimum transplanting date of Baromi2 rice.

A Possible Development of Mulching Dry Drill Seeded Rice Cultivation by Biodegradable Film (탄소배출 저감을 위한 생분해 필름이용 벼 멀칭건답직파재배기술 개발 가능성 연구)

  • Park, K.H.
    • Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.49-57
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    • 2021
  • As the world marks the adoption of the landmark Paris Agreement on climate change, a promising movement for carbon neutrality is taking shape. This agreement would be needed to build a truly global coalition for carbon neutrality by 2050. Greenhouse gas(GHGs) emissions from agriculture come from livestock such as cows, agricultural soils and rice production has been reported by 10% in 2019. Rice cultivation would be reduced a GHGs and thus this research has conducted to minimize the emission of greenhouse gas with the mulching methodology using a biodegradable film in dry hill seeded rice and to conserve the environment through a cultural and ecological weed control instead of chemicals. We have developed the 5th mulching dry hill seeder with the biodegradable film to determine the possibility of stable rice cultivation. There were so many difficulties and constraints in the field operations such as film mulching, hill seeding and effective weed control. The mulching dry hill seeder was so good performance in the 5th trial but the biodegradable film tested was so faster in terms of biodegradation before the heading stage of the rice plant and thus there was not highly effective weed control which is ongoing research with a good performance since 2020.