• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.397-401
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• 2003

Digitalis purpurea L. is a medicinal herb and have been used to congestive heart failure, mycocardial infarction, edema, angina etc. A protocol has been developed for in vitro propagation of adventitious shoot buds directly from leaf segments of D. purpurea Leaf explants of D. purpurea directly formed shoot buds when cultured on a MS medium supplemented with $2\;mg/l$ BA and $0.1\;mg/l$ IAA for 5 weeks. Adventitious shoots were multiplied by subculturing on the $B_5$ medium and shoot elongation was developed by subculturing on the WPM medium. Root formation from the shoot regenerated was achieved on MS basal medium containing 1 mg/ IBA.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.601-607
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• 2003

Osteoblast-like cell morphology, proliferation, and differentiation were examined in variation with biomaterials. Cells were cultured on TiO$_2$, Ti, 3Y-TZP, HA (Hydroxyapatite) and Thermanox was used as a control specimen. Generally, all specimens have similar cell morphology within the same time interval. However, cells on HA seem to be more thicker than those on TiO$_2$, Ti, 3Y-TZP and cell overlapping was detected very frequently on HA. In case of cell proliferation and differentiation, bioactive material such as HA could help osteoblast-like cell proliferate and provoke a sharp increase of ALP. On the other hand, whether the substrate material is a bioinert ceramics or metal, it does not so strongly affect the cell attachment, proliferation. and differentiation.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.649-656
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• 2008

The current study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism of action of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) on proliferation and differentiation of pig preadipocytes. The preadipocytes were isolated from the backfat of new-born female pigs and cultured in serum-deprived medium in the presence and absence of recombinant native IGFs or recombinant mutant IGFs that have reduced affinity for binding to both type-1 IGF receptors and insulin receptors. Fifty ng/ml of either IGF-I, [Leu60]IGF-I, IGF-Ⅱ or [Leu27]IGF-Ⅱ were included in the media in which preadipocytes were cultured for 4 days. IGF-I, [Leu60]IGF-I, IGF-Ⅱ and [Leu27]IGF-Ⅱ stimulated proliferation of pig preadipocytes by 39%, 8%, 25% and 2% respectively, as measured by increased numbers of cells. This indicates that both IGF-I and -II promote replication of pig preadipocytes by actions mediated either by type-1 IGF receptor or insulin receptor. IGF-I, [Leu60]IGF-I, IGF-Ⅱ and [Leu27]IGF-Ⅱ stimulated differentiation of pig preadipocytes by 50%, 17%, 37% and 30%, respectively, measured as glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase activity. Reducing the affinity of IGF-I for type-1 IGF receptors or insulin receptors significantly reduced the differentiation response. However, the differentiation response to [Leu27]IGF-II was not significantly different from the response to IGF-II. This shows that IGF-I and IGF-Ⅱ promote cell differentiation by different receptor-mediated mechanisms. IGF-II promotes differentiation of pig preadipocytes by actions that do not involve either type-1 IGF receptors or insulin receptors. These actions therefore appear to be mediated by binding of IGF-II to type-2 IGF receptors(also known as cation-independendent mannose-6-phosphate receptor[CIM6P/IGF2 receptor]). This is the first study to find evidence that IGF-II promotes differentiation of preadipocytes from any animal species by actions mediated by CIM6P/IGF2 receptors. In summary, this study shows that IGF-I and IGF-Ⅱ promote differentiation of pig preadipocytes by mechanisms that involve different cellular receptors.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.6 s.67
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• pp.967-974
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• 2004

The osteoblastic cell activity is important for born formation, thus, this study was performed to investigation of that the effect of edible sources, Rubus coreanus Miquel (RCM), on the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic like cell. The effects of RCM extract on cell proliferation were measured by MIT assay. At 1, $10\;{\mu}g/mL$ of RCM extract treated, that were elevated of cell proliferation to 103 and $142\%$ via control, respectively. And the cell differentiation were measured as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity at 3, 9, 18, and 27 days. As the results, the $10\;{\mu}g/mL$ was increased ALP activity more than 2.6 times compared with control, 1.4 times via positive control at 27th day (p<0.05). The optical concentration of RC extract was rechecked by ALP staining and Alizarin Red staining for investigation of the induction of ALP activity, nodule formation by mineralization. mRNA expression analysis showed that the RCM $(10\;{\mu}g/mL)$ increased in SOX9 as well as ALP in MC3T3-E1 cells. These results suggest that RC extract was stimulates the MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and differentiation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1329-1336
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• 2019

Subventricular zone (SVZ) in the brain contains neural stem cells (NSCs) which self-renew and differentiate to neurons and glial cells during postnatal period and throughout adulthood. Since fate decision to either proliferation or differentiation has to respond to intracellular and extracellular conditions, many intrinsic and extrinsic factors are involved. Among them, mitochondria have been reported to participate in fate decision of NSCs. In our previous report, we showed that long-term treatment of a mitochondrial inhibitor rotenone greatly inhibited neurogenesis. In this study, we examined the effects of short-term treatment of rotenone on SVZ NSCs. We found that (1) even one-day treatment of rotenone significantly reduced neurogenesis and earlier time points seemed to be more sensitive to rotenone, (2) a number of Mash1+ transit amplifying cells was decreased by one-day treatment of rotenone, (3) short-term treatment of rotenone eliminated most of the differentiated Tuj1+ neurons and Olig2+ oligodendrocytes, while glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)+ astrocytes were not affected, and (4) sulfiredoxin 1 (Srxn1) gene expression was increased after one-day treatment of rotenone, indicating activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) pathway. All these results confirm that functional mitochondria are necessary during differentiation to neurons or oligodendrocytes as well as maintenance of neurons after differentiation. Also, these data suggest that temporary exposure to mitochondrial inhibitor such as rotenone might have long-term effects on neurogenic potential of NSCs.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.301-306
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• 2005

Conditions for efficient organogenesis and plant regeneration from Dianthus gratianopol suspension cultured cells were established. Shoot-forming calli of glossy surface, pale green and knobby type were selected from leaf explant-derived calli and were suspension-subcultured every week in CP liquid medium with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BAP. Combinations of 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BAP, and 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BAP were effective for the induction of regenerative callus from the suspension cultured cell clusters. Multiple shoot primordia were initiated from the green spots of these regenerative callus and formed shoots on MS medium with 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L PAA. Shoot regeneration frequency (calli regenerating at least one shoot) was about 87%. For plant regeneration, proliferated shoots were excised and transferred to MS medium with 0.1 mg/L NAA for root initiation after 9 weeks of culture. The regenerants were potted in soil and formed the flowering buds and petals. Also, adventitious shoots were formed from the excised green shoot primordia of regenerative callus and these shoots proliferated successfully and regenerated to whole plants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2005

A series of experiments were performed to establish regeneration system through friable embryogenic callus (FFC) of Lilium longiflorum 'Nellie White'. Only hard and regular callus was induced from bulb scales on medium containing 2.0 mg/L dicamba and $30{\sim}90$ g/L sucrose. The induced hard callus was subcultured on medium with 2.0 mg/L dicamba and 30 g/L sucrose, and used as a material for induction of FEC. In order to induce FEC, induced hard and regular callus was chopped into $1{\sim}2\;mm$ segments, and re-cultured on medium with 2.0 mg/L dicamba and 90 g/L sucrose. FEC was induced from chopped hard calli by the subcultures of two months interval. The induction rate of FEC was enhanced when hard callus was subcultured on same medium. FEC was proliferated more than 5 times on medium with $1.0{\sim}2.0\;mg/L$ dicamba and 90 g/L sucrose. Bulblet differentiation from FEC was very favorable on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L BA, 1.0 mg/L NAA and 30 g/L maltose, but many differentiated bulblets were changed to vitrificated ones. The differentiation of normal bulblets was most effective on medium containing $0.5{\sim}1.0\%$ activated charcoal and 30 g/L sucrose.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.593-598
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• 2007

The current study was undertaken to determine the effects of sex steroid hormones(estrogen, testosterone and 19-nortestosterone) on differentiation and proliferation of pig preadipocytes. The preadipocytes were isolated from the backfat of new-born female pigs by collagenase digestion. 10－8M and 10－7M sex steroid hormones were treated to the cultured preadipocytes. Sex steroid hormones treated during the early stage of cell growth did not affect differentiation and proliferation of preadipocytes. However, testosterone and 19- nortestosterone treated during the late stage of cell growth stimulated differentiation of pig preadipocytes.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.366-370
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• 1993

This study was conducted to determine the optimum culture conditions for inducing callus and regenerating plantlets from cultured leaf tissues of Aralia elata. Young leaf tissues(1cm) of A. elata plant were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-D and Thidiazuron. Embryogenic callus was induced along the leaf veins, more efficiently on the medium containing 1.0mg /1 Thidiazuron in 4 weeks after culture initiation. Calli were subcultured to proliferate on MS media containing 2, 4-D, Dicamba, Picloram, and Thidiazuron. Callus was better proliferated on the medium containing Dicamba than on the others.. However, callus subcultured on the medium containing Thidiazuron was more embryogenic and light green-colored, of which some showed embryoid-like structure on the surface. Hormone-free medium was more efficient to regenerate plantlets than media supplemented with Kinetin, BA, and Thidiazuron.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.158-164
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• 2013

The most frequently encountered problems at fixture-implantation sites are lack of adequate bone and proximity to anatomic structures. It is generally accepted that growth factors play an essential role in the healing process and tissue formation, and they have become the focus of grafting materials research. The granules in platelets contain high concentrations of various growth factors. In particular, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a second-generation platelet concentrate that allows the production of fibrin membranes enriched with platelets and growth factors from an anticoagulant-free blood harvest. This study investigated the in vitro effects of PRF on osteoblasts, in terms of the key cellular functions, and especially the effects on two growth factors, the homodimer of platelet-derived growth factor subunit B (BPDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}1$, which are associated with wound healing and regeneration (i.e., proliferation and differentiation). The following parameters were investigated: PDGF-BB and TGF-${\beta}1$ levels in PRF, cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, type 1 collagen synthesis, and the expressions of osteoblast differentiation markers (ALP and runt-related transcription factor 2) and bone matrix proteins (type 1 collagen). The release of autologous growth factors from PRF was maintained for a reasonable period of time, and exerted positive effects on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. The use of PRF thus appears to be a promising method for enhancing bone healing and remodeling.