• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.53-73
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• 1997

대부분의 조직들은 그 조직의 생존과 발전을 위해 장기 전략 계획과 동시에 운영 을 위한 구체적 단기 계획(예 : 생산 계획)을 항상 수립 또는 조정하고 있다. 특히 장기적인 관점에서의 이익 극대화와 생존을 위해 수립되거나 조정된 장기 전략 계획을 효과적으로 달 성하기 위해서는 실제 그 전략을 수행하기 위한 단기 계획에 대한 전략 계획 결과의 일관되 고 지속적인 반영이 필수적이다. 그러나 단기 계획 수립 시점에서 전략 목표나 전략 계획의 내용을 단기적으로 실현 가능한 이익 관점에서 양적으로 구체화하여 평가하기 어려운 현실 적 이유로 인해 대부분의 경우 객관적으로 측정 가능한 단기 이익을 극대화하는 방향으로 단기 계획을 수립하는 것이 보통이다. 따라서 이러한 단기 계획의 수립은 장기 전략 계획과 의 불일치를 가져오게 되며 궁극적으로 기업의 장기적 이익 극대화와 생존에 불리한 결과를 초래할 수도 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 장기전략 계획이 구체적인 단기 계획에 있어 어떤 구체적이고 명시적인 의미나 결과를 가지게 되는지를 파악할 수 있는 체계를 모형화 하고, 이를 바탕으로 장기 전략 계획을 달성하기 위해 혹은 장기 전략 계획의 변화가 발생 했을 경우 이에 따른 단기 계획에의 일관된 조정을 수행할 수 있는 방법론을 개발 제시하고 자 한다. 본 연구에서는 이를 위해 장기 전략 계획으로는 포트폴리오(Portfolio) 계획 모형을 가정하고 있으며, 단기 계획 수립은 최적화 모형(예 : 선형계획법)을 사용하는 것을 전제로 하여 신경망 기반 응용최적통제(Adaptive Optimal Control)기법을 통해 포트폴리오 모형을 전략 목표를 위한 최적화 모형의 통제 및 조정을 수행함으로써 전략 계획에 의한 단기 계획 조정을 달성하고자 한다. 본 연구에서 제시한 방법론은 장기 전략 목포를 달성하기 위한 일 관적인 기군에 따른 적절한 단기 계획의 통제가 가능하다는 것을 보여주었으며 나아가서 장 기 전략 목표와 단기 이익간의 체계적인 상호 교환적 절충의 가능성 역시 경험적으로 증명 하고 있다. 이는 대부분의 기업 환경에 적용되어 현대의 빠른 기업 환경 변화에 대응하기 위한 전략 계획의 변화를 신속하고 효과적으로 단기 계획에 반영할 수 잇는 방법을 제시함 으로써 기업의 전략 목표 달성에 중요한 역할을 담당할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.375-394
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the transition of mathematical representation in Joseon mathematics, which is focused on numbers and operations, letters and expressions. In Joseon mathematics, there had been two numeral systems, one by chinese character and the other by counting rods. These systems were changed into the decimal notation which used Indian-Arabic numerals in the late 19th century passing the stage of positional notation by Chinese character. The transition of the representation of operation and expressions was analogous to that of representation of numbers. In particular, Joseon mathematics represented the polynomials and equations by denoting the coefficients with counting rods. But the representation of European algebra was introduced in late Joseon Dynasty passing the transitional representation which used Chinese character. In conclusion, Joseon mathematics had the indigenous representation of numbers and mathematical symbols on our own. The transitional representation was found before the acceptance of European mathematical representations.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.33-62
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• 2020

The current air transportation industry is facing a lot of changes not only in the quantitative growth of the market, but also in the legal aspects. For many years, the Warsaw Convention has contributed to the uniform discipline of civil carriers' legal liabilities arising from international aviation accident and has fulfilled the duties of legal guardians for the development of the air transport industry. In the process, however, the consumer interests of the air transport industry did not have much protection compared to other industries. In response, the Montreal Convention has effected for protecting the interests of aviation consumers, and there are numerous legal changes around the world to protect aviation consumers like passengers. The mental damages of airline passengers arising from the accident can also be understood as part of the protection of air consumers. Considering that the US Federal Court has dealt with the recognition of mental damages for air passengers since the early 1990s. However, Korean judicial precedent still excludes mental anguishes from the scope of damage compensation. From this point of view, it is considered academically meaningful to analyze the latest case of the US federal court. Recently, the United States Court of Appeal for the Sixth Circuit in Doe v Etihad Airways applied a different interpretation against the traditional opinion: passengers could not recover for mental distress unless that mental distress resulted from a bodily injury sustained in an airplane accident. The background of the court's conclusions can be explained in many ways, among other things, unlike the Warsaw Convention the new international rule, Montreal Convention is recognizing the importance of ensuring protection of the interests of consumers in international carriage by air and the need for equitable compensation based on the principle of restitution.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.225-234
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• 2001

Technically, the connotation of Typography is more than embodiments which are associated with records, keeping and expressions in languages. Therefore, it reflects a variety of social aspects based on cultures. The tendencies of modem Typography that have been confusing originate from the reaction caused by, what's called, cynical Rationalism - as a kind of characteristic. Nowadays, modem Typographic is required that it experience a new turning point with challenge and innovation. In association with the fact, it tends to be more local, compromised, dialectal, multi-cultural and anti-aesthetic. Moreover, there are multilateral tendencies concerned with generations and wealth & poverty. Consequently, the situation of modem Typographic which was regarded as an immovable role is now needed to change. The vernacular trends of Typographic changing with newer aspects is not always optimistic - it may be failure. However, at least, the experiments of it have expanded the range of modem Typographic. Therefore, the ultimate goal will be to obtain, what's called, potential data some of which are unknown to us.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.11-26
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• 2013

Designing large parks such as Yongsan Park requires the open-ended process-oriented design approach in complex layers rather than the conventional self-completed master plan method. This study aims to examine the characteristics of process-oriented design in the eight invited entries of "International Competition for the Master Plan of the Yongsan Park, Korea"(2012). For this purpose, it analyzed each entry according to three criteria: objects of process-oriented approach, time factor and its features of phasing plan, and presentation method of the process. This analysis can not only critically review the current level of the process-centered design methodology but also suggest strategic future directions for Yongsan Park. The objects of process-oriented design in the eight works were order of physical space development, restoration process of ecosystem, recovering process of publicity, and economic operation and management. Main considerations in the objects were connections to adjacent urban fabrics, links to regional green and water system, reuse of existing buildings and infrastructures in the site. The temporal criteria of the phasing plan had two aspects. One was planning a certain time and period, and the other was just establishing an order of phases. Most of the presentation method of process was the phasing plan, but some of the entries suggested a scenario plan. The eight works of "International Competition for the Master Plan of Yongsan Park" did not attempt process-oriented designs entirely and completely. Rather, they tried to introduce the phasing plan as part of a process-centered design. Also, they took an eclectic approach between master plan and process-oriented design instead of rejecting the conventional master plan approach.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.6 s.92
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• pp.55-64
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• 2006

Pedestrians and vehicle users ate competing for limited space in urban streets. Therefore, strategical planning and design should be considered to balance the needs placed on urban streets. The study suggested a way to put this concept in to practice by comparing level of service(LOS) of pedestrians and vehicles in the planning and design stage. Also. the study considered the priority among two users basing on the land use characteristics and the functional hierarchy of the streets. In order to overcome the lack or prediction or survey of pedestrian demands in design process, new pedestrian LOS applicable to sidewalk design was suggested based on the comfort linked with the physical limitation. The comparison of the suggested way and the existing way provided at the end of the paper.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.46-57
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• 2018

Fashion is a cultural element expressing general and common aesthetic awareness in a relevant region in the relevant times. On the aspect that shoes are also a part of fashion reflecting the unique aesthetic awareness of Korea, this paper aims to analyze the aesthetic awareness contained in the aesthetic features observed in the traditional boots. The aesthetic features in terms of the form were the balanced usage of each element including curves, straight lines, simple shapes, contrast colors and materials, and the application and ideological significance as the symbol of social position and status in terms of the contents. Aesthetic awareness pursues the beauty of moderation through the compromise between curves and straight lines, as both elements accept each other's features and keep balance without inclination to one element. Next, solid and void are naturally expressed by appropriately adjusting the expression on colors, materials and shapes through the harmony of composure and techniques. While traditional boots were used as the sign indicating social position and status as the unity of spirit and a thing, they pursue the value of rhythmic vitality by giving spiritual meaning to a thing.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.312-334
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• 2009

Advanced countries including OECD member countries focus on the Open Innovation strategy to strengthen their national science and technology innovation capability and to promote the utilization of its outcome. Numerous relevant researches are proceeded in these days, however, just few researches exist in the defense science and technology innovation fields. Therefore, the paper tries to apply Open Innovation concept to the national defense science and technology fields based on the change of defense environments and its problems. For this reason, the paper also presents the theoretical framework of defense Open Innovation and future directions for the purpose of strengthening the national defense science and technology innovation capability and expanding its outcomes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.1C
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• pp.149-156
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• 2004

In this paper, novel power-aware motion estimation is proposed for low-power multimedia communication. In the video compression, motion estimation dominates the total power consumption, where better performance usually requires more power consumption. Among several motion estimation algorithms with different performance and power, the proposed motion estimation adaptively selects the optimal algorithm during run-time, considering the trade-off between performance and power. The proposed motion estimation can be easily applied to various motion estimation algorithms with negligible computation or hardware overhead. According to simulation results, the proposed motion estimation reduces the power consumption to 1/15.7~1/5.6 without performance degradation, when compared to the conventional algorithms.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.71-79
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• 2004

Packet-type data transmission is characterized by the continuous transmission of massive data with relatively constant rate. In such transmission, the dynamic power consumed on buses is influenced by the sequence of transmitted data. A new coding scheme called Sequence-Switch Coding (SSC) is proposed in this paper. SSC reduces the number of bus transitions in the transmission of packet-type data by changing the sending order of the data. Some simple algorithms are presented, In. The simulation results show that SSC outperforms the well-known Bus-Invert Coding with these algorithms. SSC is not a specific algerian but a method to reduce the number of bus-transitions. There could be lots of algorithms for realizing SSC. The variety of SSC algorithms provides circuit designers a wide range of trade-off between performance and circuit complexity.