• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.77-86
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• 2009

According to the research, Personal Interaction is defined that players are solving several problem to achieve goals. And if Personal Interaction is effectively done, players can get optimal experience as fun. This study analyze what kinds of extrinsic and intrinsic reward affect player's flow experience. In the result of this study, the state of flow was felt when players were aware of opportunities for personal interaction. And the personal interaction could be motivated either to achieve the high cognitive performance or by providing the equity of distribution of the objective performance in order to examine players' cognitive performance.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.67-90
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• 2016

This study examines whether there is any significant relation between executive compensation and future firm performance for the Korean export manufacturing small and medium-sized firms. We sorted the whole sample firms into the sub-groups of 10 deciles by firm size and the KSIC standard. We found the following empirical results. First, Korean export manufacturing small and medium-sized firms typically showed lower or even negative profitability in terms of return on equity and operating profit ratio to sales. Foreign equity ownership is very low with an average of 3.77%. Second, for the firms with higher ratio of excess executive compensation to asset had lower future firm performance. It implies that the typical owner-manager in Korean export manufacturing SMEs earns excess pay, but do not contribute much to firm performance. Third, as for future cumulative abnormal returns for future one- and three-year periods, firms with higher owner-executive pay had lower returns compared with firms with lower pay. So the stock market investors set a lower value on them. Fourth, there is a positive relation between excess executive pay and executive overconfidence, and it implies that owner-CEOs with higher pay may become overconfident, thereby lowering future firm performance somehow.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.77-85
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• 2014

This study investigate the youth perceived importance of entrepreneurship education program on the self leadership strategy. The findings are as follows: First, the creativity category of entrepreneurship education were positively related with behavior focused self leadership, natural reward self leadership strategy and constructive thought self leadership. Second, the management category of entrepreneurship education were positively related with natural reward self leadership strategy. Third, the patent category of entrepreneurship education were positively related with behavior focused self leadership and constructive thought self leadership. Consequently, when the youth recognized the importance of management, creativity and patent category, the level of self control, self reward and self efficacy were increased.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.977-986
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the general transfer effects of Thinking Science program on the problem solving with compensational reasoning of the elementary school students. For this study, 156 5th grade and 138 6th grade students were selected from four elementary schools. The students were tested with SRT(Science Reasoning Task) and compensational reasoning task. Statistically significant gains on the development of compensational reasoning were shown by the experimental group implemented with Thinking Science activities compared to the group implemented with compensation activity only. The achievement of the experimental group was higher than that of the compensation activity group in solving problem with compensational reasoning, specially for the boys and students in both the mature concrete and the concrete generalization stage. The results of this study implied that implementation of Thinking Science program related to several formal reasoning were effective for the development of reasoning ability as a general-transfer.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.225-239
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• 2014

An effect of reward program related to promotional activity has the limitation of being concentrated on a short-term performance or of inducing temporary re-purchase. Accordingly, this study verified the influence of reward method upon consumers' response recovery centering on interactive effects of reward timing and reward intensity, in order to expand a research of dissatisfaction situation. As for the objective of this study, first, the aim is to verify the difference in the influence of economic, non-economic, and combined rewards, which are reward methods of dissatisfaction situation, upon consumers' cognitive response recovery and emotional response recovery. Second, the aim is to confirm a moderating role of reward timing and reward intensity in the effect of consumers' response recovery according to reward methods. To design a research, the perfect factor design between subjects in 3X2X2 was used. As a result of major research, first, there was a difference in the influence upon consumers' response recovery depending on reward methods. Second, the influence of reward method upon consumers' response recovery had a difference depending on reward timing. Third, the influence of reward method upon consumers' response recovery had a difference depending on reward intensity. Consumers' response recovery level was confirmed to have the greatest influence in the combined reward. This study has a significance in newly applying the reward timing, in the dissatisfaction situation which is addressed in the general reward program. Through this study, the aim was to support the empirically analytical results of prior researches and to expand its role in several angles.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.245-265
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• 2017

Recently, studies on cognitive control revealed that the optimal level of control is determined on the basis of reward and cost. The value of reward can be subjective and therefore, the optimal control strength can vary accordingly. The inconsistent effect of aging on cognitive control can be the result of flexible adjustment of control signal strength made by the older subjects. In other words, the elderly people maintains the ability to set the optimal level of control, which is known as the function of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. On the other hand, the age-related decline in cognitive control is obvious in rule maintenance and inhibition, which has to do with the function of lateral prefrontal cortex. In this study, we had young and old adults perform go-no go task and compared the behavioral and neural results for different reward conditions. Both age groups showed the best performance and the largest ERN amplitude when the reward was most appealing to them. And there was no age effect in ERN amplitude even though older adults' d' and accuracy was inferior to younger participants. These findings suggest that the effect aging on different cognitive control processes can be asymmetric.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.604-616
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyze the development of the compensational thinking by the compensation activities of 'Thinking Science' program. The 138 students were sampled in elementary schools and were divided into two groups, the experimental group of 74 students and the control group of 64 students. Both the compensation activities of the 'Thinking Science' program and a regular science curriculum were implemented to the experimental group, while only a regular science curriculum to the control group. Both experimental and control group were pre-tested with Science Reasoning Task II and compensational thinking test I and were post-tested with compensational thinking test II. This study revealed that the types of strategies used in compensation problem solving were categorized as illogical explanation, rule automation, proportionality, explanation in qualitative terms, additive quantification, inverse proportionality and were related to the context of the items. It was found that compensation activities of the 'Thinking Science' program were effective on the development of the compensational thinking.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.374-385
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of implementing internal marketing on the internal satisfaction and on the cognitive organization performance in the K-water by using the logistic regression analysis. The results of test are as follows. First, three internal marketing factors such as reward system, education and training, and internal communication have a significant influence on employee's job satisfaction of the K-water. Second, two internal marketing factors such as education and training, and internal communication have a significant influence on organization performance of the K-water. In conclusion, internal marketing enhances job satisfaction and organization performance, and satisfied employees provide good customer service, thus resulting in enhanced customer satisfaction and improved organization performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.313-334
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting the sharing of research data of science and technology researchers. Data was collected through a survey of 198 science and technology researchers. Independent variables in this study included perception, openness in communication, collaboration, and trust. Latent variable was selected as reward system and dependent variable was research data sharing. The results of analysis of structural equation modeling showed that perception were found to have a positive impact on reward system for data sharing for research. Other factors such as trust, openness in communication and collaboration were not statistically significant in their affect on reward system for data sharing. Finally, reward system was identified as the influential factor on research data sharing.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.409-420
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• 2018

The decision to actively reveal oneself as a consumer on social media depends on whether the focus is more on positive rewards than negative threats associated with self-presentation, that is, who the other party is in that relationship. The audience of self-presentation could also be divided into expressive and instrumental ties: work partners can be classified as an audience of instrumental ties, whereas school friends can be regarded as an audience of expressive ties. This study accordingly predicted that people would focus more on prevention of negative threats than positive reward, exhibiting defensive self-presentation in relationships with strong instrumental ties because the fallout from negative threats due to failed self-presentation have a more detrimental effect than a positive reward from successful self-presentation. The empirical findings thereby indicated that as the proportion of coworkers increased among Facebook friends, the mediation effect through defensive self-presentation increased, whereas such effect through acquisitive self-presentation decreased.