• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.1-25
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify pre-service teachers' Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) about decimal calculation. A written questionnaire was developed dealing with decimal calculation. A total of 152 pre-service teachers from 3 universities were selected for this study; they had taken an elementary mathematics teaching method course and had no teaching experience. The results were as follows: First, with regard to the method of decimal calculation, most pre-service teachers were familiar with algorithms introduced in the textbook. But with regard to the meaning of decimal calculations, they had difficulties in understanding decimal multiplication or decimal division with decimal number. Second, pre-service teachers recognized reasons of errors as well as errors patterns that student might make. But this recognition was limited mainly to errors related to natural number calculation. Third, pre-service teachers frequently commented about decimals algorithms, picture models, the meanings of decimal calculations, and connections to natural number calculations. Many of them represented the meanings of decimal calculations through picture models as to help students' understanding, while they just mentioned algorithms or treated decimal calculation as natural number calculations with decimal point.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.415-438
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine what aspects of mathematical activities in elementary school mathematics textbooks pre-service school teachers pay attention to in the process of didactic transposition. To do this, the third grade students of the College of Education were asked to analyze the activities of the elementary mathematics textbooks and then select a lesson activities as needed to modify or supplement the activities. As a result of the study, in the process of revising textbook activities for mathematics lessons, pre-service teachers pay attention to whether the textbook activities provide concrete activities, whether they induce student motivation, and whether there is overlap between classes activities. For the didactic transposition of textbook activities for mathematics lessons, pre-service teachers were able to comprehensively utilize relevant curriculum documents such as national curriculum and teachers' manual for checking the goals and achievement standards and lesson objectives.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.153-162
• /
• 2017

This study examined elementary pre-service teachers' (PSTs') perceived preparedness of high-leverage practices (HLPs) in mathematics teaching. Eighty-one elementary PSTs who enrolled in four sections of an elementary mathematics methods course at a Midwestern University in the United States participated in a survey that inquired their self-reported confidence and competence levels on HLPs. This study specifically investigated the comparison between PSTs' perceptions of HLPs and the mathematics teacher educators' expectations. Findings show several glaring differences between the PSTs' perceptions and experts' perceptions in regards to the complexity of some HLPs. This study suggests that initial teacher training programs should include more specific investment in PSTs' insights into details of each teaching practice in mathematics by deliberate decompositions.

• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.52 no.2
• /
• pp.231-245
• /
• 2013

MTEBI는 미국에서 초등 예비 교사들의 수학 교수 효능감을 측정하는데 자주 이용되는 척도이다. 이 연구의 목적은 MTEBI를 한국의 중등 예비 교사들에게 사용하는 것이 적합한지를 탐색하는 것이었다. 이를 위하여, 미국에 있는 대학원에 다니며 영어와 국어 둘 다 말할 수 있는 박사 학생 두 명이 MTEBI를 브리슬린의 이론대로 국문으로 번역하였고, 그 뒤에 한국에 있는 다수의 수학 교사 교육자들이 번역된 척도를 면밀하게 검토하였다. 한글판 척도를 먼저 작은 표본에서 초벌 실험하였는데, 두 개 문항이 도구의 신뢰도와 타당도를 현저하게 떨어뜨렸다. 본 연구에서는 이 두 개의 유용하지 못한 문항을 대신할 두 개 문항을 더한 23개 문항으로 구성된 척도에 대하여 정규성, 신뢰도, 요인 타당도 등을 658명의 표본에서 검사하였다. 초벌 연구에서 발견된 두 개의 유효하지 않는 문항은 본 연구에서도 역시 그와 같아서, 그 두 문항은 척도에서 제거되었다. 최종적으로 얻어진 21 문항 척도는 한국의 예비 수학 교사들의 수학 교수 효능감을 측정하는데 적합한 척도이다. 앞으로, MTEBI 한글판을 이용하여 한국에서 교사 효능감에 대한 연구가 활발하게 일어나기를 기대한다.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.115-134
• /
• 2017

It is necessary to understand the characteristics of each type of division problems in other to help students develop a rich understanding when they learn each type of division problems. This study focuses on a specific type of division problems; a quotitive division as finding a scale factor in enlargement context. First, this study investigated via survey how 4th-6th graders and preservice and inservice elementary teachers solved a quotitive division relating to scaling problem. And semi-structured interviews with preservice and inservice elementary teachers were conducted to explore what knowledge they brought when they tried to solve enlargement quotitive division problems. Most of participants solved the given quotitive division problem in the same way. Only a few preservice and inservice teachers interpreted it as a proportion problem and solved in a different way. From the interviews, it was found that different conceptions of context and decontextualization, and different conceptions of times (as repeated addition or as a multiplicative operator) were connected to different solutions. Finally, three issues relating to teaching enlargement quotitive division were discussed; visual representation of two solutions, conceptions connected each solution, and integrating quotitive division and proportion in math textbooks.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.317-328
• /
• 2011

We analyzed errors committed by Korean prospective elementary teachers in finding and interpreting quotient and remainder within measurement division of fractions. 65 prospective elementary teachers were participated in this study. They solved a word problem about measurement division of fractions. We analyzed solutions of all participants, and interviewed 5 participants of them. The results reveal many of these prospective teachers could not tell what fractional part of division result means. Thses results suggest that teacher preparation program should emphasize interpreting calculation results within given situations.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.39-65
• /
• 2013

This study intended to draw some suggests for the development of mathematics teachers' expertise through the comparison research of pre-service and in-service teachers' PCK about questioning in elementary mathematics class. For this purpose, questionnaire survey was conducted to some pre-service and in-service teachers about the PCK concerning the way how questioning during mathematics class. This survey revealed the following implications. First, from the perspective of mathematics classroom, it is still more important the practical knowledge about how to teach which is evolutionally developed passing through the experience and currier of teaching than theoretical knowledge itself. Comparing the teachers' PCK about the two related knowledge types of mathematics contents, in case of procedural knowledge related PCK it was more asked of teachers' expertise than the case of conceptual knowledge related PCK. Thirdly, in case of learners' incorrect answer, for the desirable teaching it should be a questioning focused on whether there being or not the systematic among the learners' incorrect answer, and in case of appreciating the learners' understanding about the presently taught contents the questioning should be constructed considering the relevant contents early learned.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2019

In this study, prospective teachers were involved in arranging the teaching sequence of multiplication and division of fractions and decimal numbers based on their experience and knowledge of school mathematics. As a result, these activities provided an opportunity to demonstrate the prospective teachers' perception. Prospective teachers were able to learn the knowledge they needed by identifying the differences between their perceptions and curriculum. In other words, prospective teachers were able to understand the mathematical relationships inherent in the teaching sequence of multiplication and division of fractions and decimal numbers and the importance and difficulty of identifying students' prior knowledge and the effects of productive failures as teaching methods.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.419-443
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the problem solving strategies of ordinary students, gifted students, pre-service teachers, and in-service teachers with the 'chicken and pig problem,' which has multiple strategies to obtain the solution. For this study, 98 students in the 6th grade elementary schools, 96 gifted students in a gifted institution, 72 pre-service teachers, and 60 in-service teachers were selected. The researcher presented the "chicken and pig" problem and requested them the solution strategies as many as possible for 30 minutes in a free atmosphere. As a result of the study, the gifted students used relatively various and efficient strategies compared to the ordinary students, and there was a difference in the most used strategies among the groups. In addition, the percentage of respondents who suggested four or more strategies was 1% for the ordinary students, 54% for the gifted students, 42% for the pre-service teachers, and 43% for the in-service teachers. As suggestions, the researcher asserted that various kinds of high-quality mathematical problems and solving experiences should be provided to students and teachers and have students develop multi-strategy problems. As a follow-up study, the researcher suggested that multi-strategy mathematical problems should be applied to classroom teaching in a collaborative learning environment and reflected them in teacher training program.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.349-360
• /
• 2016

This cross-national study examines the similarities and differences between Korean and U.S. pre-service teachers' views on equitable mathematics teaching. Pre-service teachers enrolled in mathematics education courses at the two sites (Korea, n=51; U.S., n=33) were administered a survey consisting of the following: (a) items about pre-service teachers' views on equity relative to mathematical ability, classroom policies and practices, and access to learning opportunities, (b) items about pre-service teachers' agreement in their views on recommended practices, and (c) items about participants' past learning experiences in an equitable learning environment as students. Similarities were found between the sites regarding the following: (a) advocating for equitable mathematics teaching, and (b) conceptualizing equitable teaching as a way to support the learning of less capable students. Differences were found with regard to nurturing growth mindsets in mathematics; positioning toward equal opportunities and outcomes in learning; and relating to grouping as collaborative learning strategies.