• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.75-82
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• 2013

This study is a basic study to develop standards and foundations for the establishment of traditional Korean gardens and aims to understand the current status of their components and expression methods and identify problems by investigating Korean gardens developed overseas. Nine sites were selected for field surveys and monitoring assessments. The results suggest: Overall, there is a lack of popular generality and temporal characteristics among these gardens, as they are mere reproductions of historical elements. There have also been errors of traditional and experimental interpretations. In terms of design aspects, traditional gardens are primarily compilations of landscape elements and certain ornamental features. In terms of landscape, they tend to be insufficient in parlaying appropriate spatial scales and experiential hierarchies; they also lack considerations of the context of neighbouring landscapes. In terms of guidance and information delivery, there is a worldwide lack, in general, of recognition of Korean gardens, given the broad variety of names attached to them; therefore, name standardization is recommended. In terms of development, management, and use, it is essential that designers suggest plant types, as well as alternatives, that match the characteristics of a given space; a receptive attitude vis-$\grave{a}$-vis the characteristics of their use is required.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.597-612
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate how teachers recognize the differentiation of gifted education in invention to gifted education in science. An online survey was conducted to more than 500 hundred school teachers to ask (1) if gifted education in invention is necessary as an independent area of gifted education, (2) if gifted education in invention should be differentiated in identification, education programs, councelling, facilities and so on to gifted education in science, and (3) what problems gifted education in invention are facing and how we can promote gifted education in invention. Findings by this study are like the following: 1. Almost all teachers, regardless of whether their duty is related to gifted education in invention or not, recognized the necessity of gifted education in invention as an independent area of gifted education, especially from gifted education in science. 2. Teachers recognized the differentiation of gifted education in invention in diverse aspects of gifted education, like identification, educational programming, and so on, especially to gifted education in science. 3. Teachers recognized the shortage of trained teachers as the most critical obstacles to gifted education in invention, and also thought training programs for teachers as the most important means that can promote gifted education in invention.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.59-70
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• 2016

Packaging is thought to contribute to the consumers' purchasing choice of the powdered infant formula products. In Asian market, the products of international and local brands are competing. Evaluation and analysis of food package functions for a variety of brand products will be helpful for the innovative packaging development. Thus, the packaged products of powdered infant formula were collected in Chinese, Indonesian and Korean supermarkets as a typical Asian market and examined in terms of main food packaging functions. Metal cans were the most dominant type of big size package (800-1000 g) while flexible bags were often the common one of medium size (400 g). In general, convenience function was provided in forms of easy opening device and portioning take-out spoon. Information on primary and secondary shelf lives was given besides nutritional facts and use instruction for communication function. The combination of $N_2$ and $CO_2$ was usually employed to protect powdered infant formula in rigid packages, whereas only $N_2$ was used to protect product in most flexible packages.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.39-47
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• 2010

The coastal area is the place where two conflicting values provide opportunities for recreation, tourism and conservation of the natural environment. Most of these coastal areas have been disregarded in terms of tourism because of the high value placed on natural resources. Management strategy has usually been first on the priority list of natural. resources. However, due to the significant number of visitors, the Important-Satisfaction Analysis(ISA) was applied as a mean of complement since the 1970s. This study analyzed the difference between visitor satisfaction and the importance of the main management strategy targeting visitors to Sun-cheon Bay Ecological Park on weekdays and weekends. Results show that Sun-cheon Bay Ecological Park and the city government have paid a lot of attention and invested a lot of money, but efficiency of publicity didn't come up to their afford. Therefore, we should prepare information facilities, public education facilities and human power. Also needed are visitors' temporal-spacial control to set specific programs and a guide for information education control. It means visitors' company forms change depends on weekday and weekend. In addition, a breeding space for birds should be built for observation, education and exhibition to help meet visitor expectations. Visitors' positive satisfaction might be provided in establishing strategy as a very important measure in limited area. In conclusion, this study might be provided as preliminary data when the management strategy and related guidelines are established through the management priority of coastal regions where importance and satisfaction conflict.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.31-31
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• 2011

1990년 이후 공산체계인 구소련과 동구권이 몰락하고 세계적으로 탈냉전의 변화와 우리의 민주정부 수립 후 햇빛정책 등에도 불구하고 북한은 적화통일을 포기하지 않고 작년 11월에 연평도에 포격을 가하여 민간인과, 군이 2명이 사망하는 사건이 발생 하였다. 또한 북한의 공격은 과거의 포탄공격뿐만 아니라 미사일이나 화생방과 같은 생화학물질 탑재 가능한 공격이 예상된다. 이에 대비 정부에서는 고정시설의 화생방 방호는 일단유사시에 국민의 생명과 재산을 보호하는데 필수요소로서 집단보호개념에 도입하고 있으며, 현재 각 중요 대피시설 및 지자체의 기존 대피시설을 개인방호, 탐지, 제독, 운용절차를 포함한 실태파악 및 재래식 탄을 포함한 통합적인 조치를 마련하고 있다. 작년 2010년 11월 연평도에서의 북한 포격이후 우리는 서해5도나 접경지역 주민과 그리고 근접거리의 서울시민들이 안전하게 포격으로부터 피난 할 수 있는 민방위대피소에 대한 문제점이 대두되고 대책방안을 요구하고 있다. 소방방재청 기준에 따르면 직격(直擊) 핵폭탄을 제외한 화생방, 재래식 무기 공격에 견딜 수 있는 시설은 '1등급 대피시설'인데 서울에는 한 곳도 없다. 고층건물의 지하 2층 이하나 지하철, 터널 같은 2등급 대피시설도 폭격은 견딜 수 있지만 화생방 공격에는 취약하다. 지하상가 등 건축물의 지하층, 지하차도나 보도는 그보다 더 취약한 3등급이며 단독 주택의 지하층처럼 방호 효과가 떨어지는 곳이 4등급이다. 2등급으로 분류된 대피소의 경우 분류만 되어 있을 뿐 장기간 대피시 시민들이 사용 할 수 있는 거주공간이 아닌 임시 대피로서의 역할만 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 민방위 기본법에 따라 지하에 $3.3m^2$ 당 4명 이상이 대피할 수 있는 규모의 공간을 갖추기만 하면 대피시설로 볼 수 있는 현 문제점과 1등급에서 4등급으로 나뉘어져있는 민방위 대피소와 대피소가 있지만 피난공간으로서의 역할과 구조적으로 안전한가에 대한 국내외 실태 분석을 통하여 분석한 결과 우리는 서해5도 대피시설의 반 이상이 무용지물이고 접경지 또한 피난시에 피난장으로서의 대피소가 난방이나, 구급품과 식구 시설 등이 구비가 되어 있지 않고 대피시설로 지정한곳이 간판이나 안내시설이 없다. 외국의 경우 스위스는 연방정부의 관리책임으로 전쟁이나 핵 확산에 따른 화생방 업무 전담팀을 두고 있으며, 방독면은 개인 방호물자로서 전국민 100% 보유하고, 각가정이나 건축, 시설물의 경우 화생방 표준 대피시설 설치관련 규정 마련 시행하고 있다. 대피시설은 화생방 방호가 가능한 지휘부용 대피시설과 일반 주민대피용 시설을 구분하여 설치운영하고 있으며, 전국에 650만개를 설치하고 있다. 결론은 대피시설이 북한 공경시 피난시설로의 활용방안을 모색 등급구분에 따른 현실적용 수정과 기존 대피소 보강과 재선별이 필요하고, 신축시 설계 표준설계안 그리고 기존의 대피소에 대한 보수, 보강방법 가이드라인과 장기간 거주에 대한 설비구축 등과 국민 대홍보등을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.243-251
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• 2007

Purpose : This study was conducted to assess the surgical outcomes of limbal lensectomy with or without anterior vitrectomy for the management of lens subluxation. Materials and Methods : The medical records of 20 consecutive patients (33 eyes) with lens subluxation who had undergone limbal lensectomy with or without anterior vitrectomy from February 1999 to January 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. Results : All the patients, except one high axial myopic patient, were implanted with scleral sutured posterior chamber intraocular lens. We evaluated the preoperative, postoperative visual acuity and postoperative complications and compared the results in group I (limbal lensectomy with anterior vitrectomy, 27 eyes) to those in group II (limbal lensectomy without anterior vitrectomy, 6 eyes). The preoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 0.21 and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was improved by 2 lines or more in all 27 eyes in group I, and in 5 eyes in group II (p>0.05). The most frequent postoperative complication was intraocular lens dislocation in four eyes (14.8%) in group I alone. No retinal detachment occurred in either group, even in patients with high myopia. Conclusion : Limbal lensectomy without anterior vitrectomy improved visual acuity similarly to limbal lensectomy with anterior vitrectomy without significant increase of postoperative complications. This results of this study suggest that anterior vitrectomy is not necessarily required for the management of lens subluxation.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.131-136
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to improve the performance of hybrid energy harvesting block merge the vibrations and the pressure developed in the previous study. The power generation performance of the energy block improved in this manner was measured and compared with the energy performance of the products previously developed. In previous models, the center has placed a piezoelectric, the two sides had arranged a vibration applying electromagnetic inducing type. Improved model was disposed three in a row of three unit modules for one block. We change the design in the following way. That is, a unit module has been placed the upper piezoelectric body, the lower portion were arranged three electron donation. In laboratory conditions, the power generation performance evaluation results of the improved energy block is as follows. Once when the vibration, power generation was determined to 1.066W. When compared with previous studies, and power generation performance is improved up to 235%. When the vibration in a row 5, power generation was determined to 1.830W. When compared with previous studies, the performance is improved to 177%. The purpose of developing a hybrid energy block is intended to produce electricity by the pressure and vibration when a vehicle passes through the energy block installed in the car park the mouth portion. Electricity produced will try to take advantage of for the purpose of operating a guiding beacon and LED signage in the parking lot entrance. Therefore, it is determined that there is a need in the experiment to compare the performance of the power generation in the field.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.642-653
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to measure the factor of determination on satisfaction level of the Goksung Simchung Festival. Goksung Simchung Festival has been held since 2000, and Goksung Simchung Festival 2004, which is the fifth, is holding soon. Simchung Festival has unique aspect that it is organised various experience programs and items which stress the importance of "environment" in Seomjin river and Simchung's "Hyo (filial piety)". A study is analysed through research that is consisted of satisfaction factors' items of 17 local festival visitor to study factors of determination of local festival visitor's satisfaction level. This research data is analysed statistical techniques, which are multivariate regression analysis, factor analysis, and reliability analysis, and extracted 4 factors, which are souvenir and food, content of the festival, convenient facilities, and publicity work. In conclusion, the festival is likely to attract more tourists and make them satisfied if better content of the festival is provided. Therefore, most of the tourists need to becoming cleared lo be satisfied due to its values of culture recognition through various contents of the festival. fun factors, and experience programs, So the manager and the director should have continual attention to satisfaction factors of local festival.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.163-172
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• 2016

The aim of this study is to investigate the geological features distributed in the northwest coast, Goheung Gun as a geological field course of all levels. The study area is about 1.6km coast in direction of northwest from Sumundong ferry to Jangsun beach. The learning contents of the geology units in science textbooks from elementary school to high school was analyzed and, geomorphology and geology of study area was investigated for this study. In this study area, lots of geomorphology and geology elements related to the learning contents of the geology units in science textbooks were founded such as gravel beach, sea cliff, granite, rhyolite, andesite, gneiss, sedimentary rocks, fault, unconformity, stratification, cross bedding, graded bedding, intrusion structure, vein, dyke, plant fossil and spheroidal weathering. Characteristically, strata, stratification, granite, sedimentary rocks(conglomerate, sandstone, mudstone and shale), fault, plant fossil and weathering phenomenon were commonly involved with the learning contents of the geology units in elementary school science, middle school science and high school earth science I, II. This area is to be recommended as a site of geological field course for all students from elementary school to high school, as various field work materials for geological learning were distributed and, geological observation trail of about 400m in length for observation of strata and so on was installed along the coast in direction of the northwest from Sumundong ferry.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.59-75
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• 2021

This study aims to establish a foundation for autonomous driving on campus and communication of abundant university information in the HCI environment in a VR environment where college freshmen can freely travel around campus facilities. The purpose of this study is to develop a three-dimensional VR-style campus tour system to establish a media environment to provide abundant university information guidance services to freshmen in non-face-to-face situations. This study designed a three-dimensional virtual reality campus tour system to solve the problem of discontinuity in which VR360 filming space does not lead to space like reality, and to solve many problems of expertise in VR technology by constructing an integrated production environment of tour system. We aim to solve the problem of inefficiency, which requires a large amount of momentum in virtual space, by constructing a GUI that utilizes the motion of the field of view focus. The campus environment was designed as a three-dimensional virtual reality using a three-dimensional graphic design. In non-face-to-face situations, college freshmen freely transformed the HMD VR device, smartphone, FPS operation mode of the gyroscope sensor. The design elements of the three-dimensional virtual reality campus tour system were classified as ①Visualization of factual experiences, ②Continuity of space movement, ③Operation, automatic operation mode, ④Natural landscape animation, ⑤Animation according to wind direction, ⑥Actual space movement mode, ⑦Informatization of spatial understanding, ⑧GUI by experience environment, ⑨Text GUI by building, ⑩VR360, 3D360 Studio Environment, ⑪Three-dimensional virtual space coupling block module, ⑫3D360-3D Virtual Space Transmedia Zone, ⑬Transformable GUI(VR Device Dual Viewer-Gyro Sensor Full Viewer-FPS Operation Viewer) and an integrated production environment was established with each element. It is launched online (http://vautu.com/u1) by constructing a GUI for free driving mode and college information screens to adapt to college life for freshmen, and designing an environment that can be used simultaneously by current media such as PCs, Android, and iPads. Therefore, it conducted user research, held a development presentation, a forum on excellence in university innovation support projects, and applied it as a system on the website of a particular university. College freshmen will be able to experience university information directly from the web and app to the virtual reality campus environment.