• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.155-161
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to provide information on goal setting for elementary oral-health education. The subjects in this study were 513, fourth and sixth graders from an elementary school located in the city of Iksan, north Jeolla province. It investigated the interrelation of the knowledge regarding the oral health of the elementary school student and conduct and with afterwords it got a same conclusion.: 1. The oral health knowledge degree of the investigation object people in 14 perfect score is not high is not with 8.77, the school girl oral health knowledge degree is higher the south student and than it was visible the difference which considers. 2. Also the student one recording oral health knowledge degree which is school dental health education experience appeared highly, considers statistically the difference which it was visible. 3. Oral health behavior degree the result which it investigates at 5 Likert scales, the whole average is not high was not with 3.13, it followed considers the difference which it was visible in grade. 4. The student one recording oral health behavior degree where the oral health knowledge is high appears highly, it was visible the difference which oral health knowledge and conduct considers. 5. Oral health knowledge and oral health behavior and school dental health education experience was a just fanshaped higher officer and the oral health knowledge degree was high and highly the possibility of knowing the burden there was also oral health behavior. 6. Relationship without the necessity of school oral health disappointment necessity and the oral healthy charge teacher was recognizing in gender and grade.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.273-283
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the potential of the use of the Classroom Response System (CRS), a kind of new ICT medium, in a quiz problem-solving oriented high school life science class. To find the usefulness of CRS as a teaching and learning strategy, the CRS group (n=34) sent prompt individual answers to the teachers' questions using the CRS terminal (Clicker), and the teacher then asked additional reasons of the individuals and gave personalized feedback. In the control group (n=35), the CRS was not used while the teacher asked overall questions and gave feedback in an undifferentiated way. As a result, the CRS increased students' interest and concentration during class, but there were no significant differences in study achievement between the two groups. However, there were significant differences between the medium-level groups when the two groups were divided into smaller ones based on their pre-scores. We suggest that, for effective use of the CRS for diagnostic and formative assessment, teachers should develop a teaching and learning strategy that can produce appropriate questions of various levels in advance, investigate the exact reasons for students' answers, and give customized feedback by individual as much as possible.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.107-115
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• 2006

As the use of computers and the Internet become more commonplace, many children are using the Internet. The Internet is rapidly permeating into the daily lives of elementary school students. There are some positive effects of using the Internet: it helps children's studies and communication skills and relives stress. However, some negative effects are arising, such as aggressive behavior caused by Internet games, sleeping disorders, and Internet addiction. The goal of this disquisition was to find out how an upper class of elementary school children are using the Internet and also the degree of their Internet addictions. The effects that Internet addiction had on various aspects, such as on the individual, family, and school were observed. In the individual aspect, self-respect, self-control, awareness of stress, depression, and personal taste were observed. In the aspect of family, communication with parents, the nursing behavior of parents, family functions, friendliness within the family, and the family's emotional support were observed. In the aspect of school, relationships with teachers, relationships with friends, study activities, compliance to rules and participation in events were observed. By analyzing each cause of Internet addiction, this disquisition hopes to help prevent Internet addiction and to support educational guiding about Internet addiction of elementary school children.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.84-98
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• 2011

The study investigated the linguistic characteristics of middle school students' writing on the themes of earth science through analysis of its genre and register. Data for analysis included $7^{th}$ grade and $9^{th}$ grade students' writings about 'global warming' and 'classification of rocks'. The results of this study include: First, many students were not accustomed to writing in genre, especially exposition genre. Second, in terms of ideational meaning, the material verbs representing action or doing were more dominant than relational verbs that are related to the attribute or definition of things, and additional logical relations were predominant. Third, regarding interpersonal meaning, agents, emotions, subjective opinions appeared in the writings and students did not express their ideas conclusively and revealed feelings of doubt and uncertainty about their knowledge. Fourth, as for textual meaning, most students listed fragments of information using additional conjunctions in simple structures and were not accustomed to writing texts with organizing structures, logical patterns, cohesion, and coherence. From these results, we argued that the scientific writings should be emphasized in science learning that aims to foster scientific literacy. In addition, we discussed the necessity of improving science teachers' perceptions on scientific writing as well as setting up a specific plan in the national curriculum.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to find the contribution of Dado education to personality development among female high school students in Korea. The personality development was measured with the change in emotional stability. consideration. politeness. and temperance before and after a series of Dado education program to 16 female high school students for ten times (20 hours). A significant improvement in the students personality was found. Students perceived their positive internal and external changes through this program and their mothers were favorable to the personality development of their children after the Dado education. This study implies that Dado education can be a valuable means for personality development in youth. A suggestion was made for teachers and curriculum developers to apply Dado education into school curriculum and extracurricular activities.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.89-106
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to find out differences of the causes of mathematics anxiety in elementary school students according to the Grades and sex, and to find out which causes have more influence on achievement of mathematics and how much it is. For this purposes, the problems of this study are defined as follows: First, are there any differences in the influences of each super-causes and sub-causes of mathematics anxiety according to the Grades? Second, are there any differences in the influences of each super-causes and sub-causes of mathematics anxiety according to the sex? Third, what relation do the super-causes of mathematics anxiety have to the achievement of mathematics? The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, mathematics anxiety is much more affected by the internal cause like the cause of student attitude than the external cause like the causes of circumstance and the cause of teacher. Second. mathematics anxiety is much more affected by a direct experience like the causes of a shortage of time and the causes of student interest than indirect experience like the causes of teacher's authority and the causes of the application of daily life. Third, the causes of circumstance and parent's attitude. its sub-cause, have greater influence on the female group than on the male group. Fourth, in the middle Gradess, the female group is more affected by the cause of student attitude and the cause of circumstance than the male group, but in the higher Grades. the differences disappear and those two become common causes of anxiety. Fifth, As the students go up to the next Grades in school, the cause of teacher, the characteristic of the curriculum and the cause of prejudice have more influence on the mathematics anxiety. Sixth, the causes of teacher, the causes of mathematical curriculum and the causes of student attitude among super-causes of mathematics anxiety have a negative effect on the achievement of mathematics. But the causes of circumstance have a positive effect on it. And also, the causes of mathematical curriculum among super-causes is much related to the causes of teacher and the causes of circumstance.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.59-70
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• 1996

장안초등학교는 한국전쟁 이후인 1955년에 개교된 초등학교이다. 처음에는 8학급의 가교사시설에 18학급으로 편성되어 초기부터 시설이 양적으로 부족하였다. 또한 이 지역의 학생수 증가로 거의 매년에 걸쳐 학급수의 증가와 교실증축이 함께 이루어 졌다. 현재 건물의 건립년도를 살펴보면 1965년 6월에 처음 신관 1층 부분이 건설되어 70년대와 80년대에 걸쳐 꾸준히 증축되어 왔으며, 대지 동측의 별관은 1993년 12월에 건설된 새건물로, 학교교사 건물이 30년된 건물과 최근의 건물이 함께 공존하고 있다. 철근콘크리트 건물이 구조적으로는 100년도 견딘다 하지만 실제로는 약 30년이면 콘크리트의 산성화가 가속화되면서 구조적으로 안전하지 못하다는 학설이 인정되어, 최근 30년이 경과된 학교 건축의 재건축이 사회적 문제로 대두되고 있다. 실제로는 25년이상 경과된 건물에서도 구조적인 하자가 발생하는 예 가 많아 교육부에서는 대체로 25년이상 경과된 건물에 대하여 재건축을 실시하고 있다. 장안초등학교는 20년에서 30년 경과된 건물이 많은 부분을 차지하는 관계로 재건축이 실시되는 예이다. 아직까지 사용이 가능하다고 판단되는 건물은 본관의 남측부분의 교사(1983년 증축)과 신관의 우측부분(1985년 9월 23일 증축)과 별관(1993년 12월 14일 신축)교사동을 들수 있다. 때문에 이 부분에 대하여 철거할 것인가 혹은 그대로 사용할 것인가에 대한 의견이 있어, 최종적으로 별관은 그대로 사용하는 것을 원칙으로 하고 본관 남측부분은 가장 마지막 건설시기에 철거하고 신관 우측부분은 규모가 작아 철거하기로 하였다. 학교건축은 다른 일반건물과는 달리 교육이라는 기능을 충분히 발휘할수 있는 공간구성이 필수적이라 할수 있다. 여기서 말하는 교육이란 예전의 주입식 교육이 아니라 21세기를 바라보는 정보화 세계화를 지향하는 교육으로 학생 개개인의 창의성과 자주성을 발휘시킬수 있는 교육이라는 점에 대하여 의견은 없을 것이다. 이러한 교육이란 다양한 교육방법을 전제로 하며 하나의 학년을 하나의 학습그룹으로 생각하는 것은 중요한 출발점이 될 것이다. 한 학년의 그룹을 교대상의 기본으로하여 이러한 그룹에 대하여 일제학습, 그룹학습, 팀티칭, 개별학습이 이루어 질수 있는 공간을 제공하는 점을 본 장안초등학교 기본계획에서 출발점으로 하였다. 물론 학교전체 학생을 콘트롤할 수 있는 교육방법도 존재한다. 선진 외국의 예를 살펴보면 아동의 능력별 교육을 위하여 무학년제(Non-Grade)를 도입하는 경우도 있지만 아직 우리나라에서는 학급단위가 중요시되고 있다. 이 학급단위는 교육단위이면서 생활지도 단위이기도 하다. 이러한 점을 인식하여 학교건축의 간장 기본 단위가 되는 보통교실 계획을 보통교실과 오픈스페이스를 연속시킨 유니트로 계획하여 일제학습, 그룹학습, 팀티칭, 개별학습 등이 이루어 질수 있도록 하였다. 실제로는 36학급을 계획할 경우, 한학년의 6개 학급이 하나의 공통된 공간내에 그룹핑 되는 것이 바람직하지만(제3안의 배치에서 제안하여 보았지만 북측교실, 오픈스페이스의 통로화등의 문제점이 있었다), 그 규모가 너무 커서 3개학급을 하나의 유니트로 하였다. 물론 한학년이 동일한 층에 배치시켜 서로의 관련성을 높게 하였다. 특별교실 계획은 보통교실과의 관련성과 장래 지역개방의 역할을 고려하여 계획하여야 할 것이다. 장안 초등학교의 경우는 별관을 그대로 사용 한다는 조건이 있기 때문에 기존의 편복도 형식의 교실에서는 보통교실 계획의 어려움이 있어 특별 교실동으로 고려하였다. 때문에 지역개방에 대해서는 문제점을 안고 있다. 체육관은 기준령에는 권장시설로 되어 있지만 학교시설에 필수적인 시설이라 생각한다. 체육은 국민건강에 직결되기 때문이다. 또한 체육관 건설은 실외체육 실내체육에 대응할 뿐 아니라 학교 행사등에 유용히 사용되기 때문에 더욱 필요시설이라 할수 있겠다. 또한 지역개방을 위하여 정문 혹은 후문 가까이에 배치시키는 것은 필수적이다. 별관, 체육관, 운동장, 후문측에 12학급용의 단독건물 등의 기본적인 제약조건을 고려하여 배치하자면 자연히 교실동들이 분산되는 결과를 낳게된다. 이러한 각각의 교사동을 A동을 중심으로 구름다리로 연결하여 동선의 불편함을 해소시켰다. 주차장은 후문 가까이에 약 10정도의 주차공간이 확보가능하다. 이외에는 운동장을 사용하는 방법과 체육관의 1층부분을 필로티로 하여 그곳에 20대 정도 주차시키는 방안이 있다. 주차는 많을수록 편리는 하겠지만 제한된 대지에 모두 만족 시켜주기는 불가능하다. 공공용의 주차와 소방에 필요한 동선이 요구된다. 특히 도심주차난을 생각할 때는 차라리 적극적으로 지하주차장을 계획하는 방안이 있을 것이다. 마지막으로 현재 67학급은 초대형 규모로 초등학교 규모로는 적합하지 못하다. 장래를 고려하여 48학급에서 최종적으로 36학급으로 계획하였으나 한동안은 67학급이 그대로 유지될 것으로 보인다. 신설 초등학교가 가까운 시기에 개교될 것을 기대한다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2000

The Science Gifted Education Center of Chongju National University of Education used the chemical experiments for selecting gifted children in the area of science. There are two kinds of experiments, 'the observing the dissolution of cube sugar (Exp1)' and the guessing the concentration of solutions (Exp2)'. Students basic skills of observation, problem recognition and the ability using the models were verified through Exp1. Exp2 was used to verify the practical problem solving skill of children. Besides, the affective facts of the interests, adhesive power of the problems were evaluated through the teacher abservation. The evaluation using experiments turned out to be valuable for the identification of the gifted children who have the creativity, originality, and fluency in the field of science.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.319-327
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• 2005

With the advent of computers and network, the Internet(World Wide Web) is becoming more prevalent than ever before. The ICT and the policy of the development of information technology are also applied to the elementary school environment. In the elementary school field, we can easily find that children have different web-site preferences based on gender. There is a lot of research about adult gender issues for the purpose of customer analysis to increase business profits. However, there is little research about the gender factor in web-based instruction or educational web sites. Elementary school children are beginning to experience the Internet. In this study, we consider the analysis of the use and perception of the Internet based on gender differences, and discuss concrete guidelines in regards to elementary school pupil and therefore create Web Based Instruction or Educational Web Contents.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.109-121
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• 1997

A lot of educators claim that the open education should be performed in elementary classroom, but it is true that they do not suggest the specific direction of practicing open education in case of mathematics subject. Although a project lesson is recommended, there is little case that suggests the direction of practice and the evaluation method of project lesson. Therefore this study searchs for the possibility of practicing open education in elementary mathematics classroom by reviewing the portfolio assessment and suggesting the specific case of applying the portfolio assessment to project lesson. A portfolio is a folder in which is recording solution process, student's self reflection, and teacher's comment, about topics and problems more than one. Students can see their own varying aspects and recognize their own merits and demerits, sincerities, and potentialities by portfolio assessment. Futheremore, teacher can both grasp the student's cognitive situation and give them the professional advice about the cognitive development. That is, they can perform the instruction underlining the learner's ability and personality, by identifying what Vygotsky calls 'the proximal zone of development' through portfolio assessment. Consequently, portfolio assessment is an alternative evaluation method for integrating process and product of learning, and can be used as an important tool for developing the learner's potential possibility of self-realization.