• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.336-344
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• 2013

In this paper, we characterize the intuitionistic fuzzy ${\delta}$-continuous, intuitionistic fuzzy weakly ${\delta}$-continuous, intuitionistic fuzzy almost continuous, and intuitionistic fuzzy almost strongly ${\theta}$-continuous functions in terms of intuitionistic fuzzy ${\delta}$-closure and interior or ${\theta}$-closure and interior.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.290-295
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• 2012

Due to importance of the concepts of ${\theta}$-closure and ${\delta}$-closure, it is natural to try for their extensions to fuzzy topological spaces. So, Ganguly and Saha introduced and investigated the concept of fuzzy ${\delta}$-closure by using the concept of quasi-coincidence in fuzzy topological spaces. In this paper, we will introduce the concept of ${\delta}$-closure in intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces, which is a generalization of the ${\delta}$-closure by Ganguly and Saha.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2010

A T$_1$ topological space X is called an almost GP-space if every dense G$_{\delta}$-set of X has nonempty interior. The behaviour of almost GP-spaces under taking subspaces and superspaces, images and preimages and products is studied. If each dense G$_{\delta}$-set of an almost GP-space X has dense interior in X, then X is called a GID-space. In this paper, some interesting properties of GID-spaces are investigated. We will generalize some theorems that hold in almost P-spaces.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제101권1호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2012

산불피해강도와 함께 가장자리 관련지역은 생태계회복에 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있으나 연구가 미미한 상황이다. 따라서 이 연구는 산불피해강도와 가장자리 효과의 복합적 영향에 의한 산불 후 식생의 초기 반응을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 산불피해강도 즉 ${\Delta}NBR$는 삼척지역의 산불전과 후의 인공위성 이미지를 이용하여 계산되었다. 산불피해지는 231개의 $1-km^2$ 격자 단위로 구분하였으며, 격자들은 산불피해강도와 가장자리 지역의 포함 유무에 따라 4개의 그룹으로 재분류되었다. 4개의 그룹은 저강도 산불피해강도의 산불피해지 내부지역(그룹 A), 저강도 산불피해강도의 산불피해지 가장자리 지역(그룹 B), 고강도 산불피해강도의 산불피해지 내부지역(그룹 C), 고강도 산불피해강도의 산불피해지 가장자리 지역(그룹 D)을 포함한다. 4개 그룹 간 식생재생변화(${\Delta}NDVI$)는 T-test로 비교되었으며, 고강도 강도지역의 그룹 C(${\Delta}NDVI$ = 0.047)와 D(${\Delta}NDVI$ = 0.059)가 저강도 연소강도지역의 그룹A(${\Delta}NDVI$ = -0.039)와 B(${\Delta}NDVI$ = -0.036)에 비해 상당히 높은 식생재생을 보였다. 또한 동일 산불피해강도 지역에서 산불피해지 가장자리 지역이 내부지역에 비해 높은 식생재생변화가 관찰되었다. 즉 산불피해지 가장자리 지역의 그룹 B(${\Delta}NDVI$ = -0.036)와 D(${\Delta}NDVI$ = 0.059)는 산불피해지 내부지역의 그룹 A(${\Delta}NDVI$ = -0.039)와 C(${\Delta}NDVI$ = 0.047)에 비해 높은 식생재생변화를 보여주었다. 따라서 산불피해로 인한 이차적 피해를 최소화하고 연소된 산림의 회복을 위해 산불피해지 내부지역에 대한 적절한 회복전략이 요구된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.783-792
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• 2014

The binding interaction between a hemolytic peptide ${\delta}$-lysin and a zwitterionic lipid bilayer POPC was investigated through a series of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. ${\delta}$-Lysin is a 26-residue, amphipathic, ${\alpha}$-helical peptide toxin secreted by Staphylococcus aureus. Unlike typical antimicrobial peptides, ${\delta}$-lysin has no net charge and it is often found in aggregated forms in solution even at low concentration. Our study showed that only the monomer, not dimer, inserts into the bilayer interior. The monomer is preferentially attracted toward the membrane with its hydrophilic side facing the bilayer surface. However, peptide insertion requires the opposite orientation where the hydrophobic side of peptide points toward the membrane interior. Such orientation allows the charged residues, Lys and Asp, to have stable salt bridges with the lipid head-group while the hydrophobic residues are buried deeper in the hydrophobic lipid interior. Our simulations suggest that breaking these salt bridges is the key step for the monomer to be fully inserted into the center of lipid bilayer and, possibly, to translocate across the membrane.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.285-300
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• 2019

This research focuses on the characterization of an ordered semigroups (OS) in the frame work of generalized bipolar fuzzy interior ideals (BFII). Different classes namely regular, intra-regular, simple and semi-simple ordered semigroups were characterized in term of $({\alpha},{\beta})$-BFII (resp $({\alpha},{\beta})$-bipolar fuzzy ideals (BFI)). It has been proved that the notion of $({\in},{\in}{\gamma}q)$-BFII and $({\in},{\in}{\gamma}q)$-BFI overlap in semi-simple, regular and intra-regular ordered semigroups. The upper and lower part of $({\in},{\in}{\gamma}q)$-BFII are discussed.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.357-368
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• 2012

We introduce the concepts of fuzzy ${\delta}$-interior and show that the set of all fuzzy ${\delta}$-open sets is also a fuzzy topology, which is called the fuzzy ${\delta}$-topology. We obtain equivalent forms of fuzzy ${\delta}$-continuity. More-over, the notions of fuzzy ${\delta}$-compactness and fuzzy locally ${\delta}$-compactness are defined and their basic properties under fuzzy ${\delta}$-continuous mappings are investigated.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 1985

B.M. Munshi and D.S. Bassan defined and developed the concept of super continuity in [5]. The concept has been investigated further by I. L. Reilly and M. K. Vamanamurthy in [6] where super continuity is characterized in terms of the semi-regularization topology. Super continuity is related to the concepts of .delta.-continuity and strong .theta.-continuity developed by T. Noiri in [7]. The purpose of this note is to derive relationships between super continuity and other strong continuity conditions and to develop additional properties of super continuous functions. Super continuity implies continuity, but the converse implication is false [5]. Super continuity is strictly between strong .theta.-continuity and .delta.-continuity and strictly between complete continuity and .delta.-continuity. The symbols X and Y will denote topological spaces with no separation axioms assumed unless explicity stated. The closure and interior of a subset U of a space X will be denoted by Cl(U) and Int(U) respectively and U is said to be regular open (resp. regular closed) if U=Int[Cl(U) (resp. U=Cl(Int(U)]. If necessary, a subscript will be added to denote the space in which the closure or interior is taken.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집E
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• pp.456-462
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• 2001

Comprehensive numerical computations are made of a homogenous spin-up in a cylindrical cavity with a time-dependent rotation rate. Numerical solutions are acquired to the governing axisymmetric cylindrical Navier-Stokes equation. A rotation rate formula is ${\Omega}_f={\Omega}_i+{\Delta}{\Omega}(1-{\exp}(-t/t_c))$. If $t_c$ is large, it implies that a rotation change rate is small. The Ekman number, E, is set to $10^{-4}$ and the aspect ratio, R/H, fixed to I. For a linear spin-up(${\epsilon}<<$), the major contributor to spin-up in the interior is not viscous-diffusion term but inviscid term, especially Coriolis term, though $t_c$ is very large. The viscous-diffusion term only works near sidewall. But for spin-up from rest, when $t_c$ is very large, viscous-diffusion term affects interior area as well as sidewall, initially. So azimuthal velocity of interior for large $t_c$ appears faster than that of interior for relatively small $t_c$. However, the viscous-diffusion term of interior decreases as time increases. Instead, inviscid term appears in the interior.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.1831-1844
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• 2016

In this paper, we improve the full-Newton step infeasible interior-point algorithm proposed by Mansouri et al. [6]. The algorithm takes only one full-Newton step in a major iteration. To perform this step, the algorithm adopts the largest logical value for the barrier update parameter ${\theta}$. This value is adapted with the value of proximity function ${\delta}$ related to (x, y, s) in current iteration of the algorithm. We derive a suitable interval to change the parameter ${\theta}$ from iteration to iteration. This leads to more flexibilities in the algorithm, compared to the situation that ${\theta}$ takes a default fixed value.