This study conducted to examine the effects of a GMO education(n=108 university students). Although the experience of encountering GMO was 84.3%, awareness was moderate or lower for 76.9%, 62% were unaware of GMO labeling, and 44.4% had no previous education on GMO. After the education, GMO positive perceptions, specifically in terms of improving work efficiency(p<0.05), negative perception(p<0.001), and GMO knowledge increased significantly(p<0.05). The need for expanding GMO labeling (p<0.05) and adjust to 0.9%(exclusion criteria) for labeling(p<0.001) increased significantly. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the need and willingness to accept a price increase for the full labeling system(p<0.01), with a significant increase in the willingness to pay up to 20%(p<0.05). The pre-contemplation stage showed a significant decrease(p<0.001). The preparation and behavior and maintenance stage showed a significant increase(p<0.001). Based on these findings, it is suggested that GMO education be implemented to provide accurate information and emphasize the necessity of consumers' right to know and choose through the implementation of the full labeling system of GM foods.

In this paper, the Artificial Intelligence Space(AI-Space) for human-robot interface is presented, which can enable human-computer interfacing, networked camera conferencing, industrial monitoring, service and training applications. We present a method for representing, tracking, and objects(human, robot, chair) following by fusing distributed multiple vision systems in AI-Space. The article presents the integration of color distributions into particle filtering. Particle filters provide a robust tracking framework under ambiguous conditions. We propose to track the moving objects(human, robot, chair) by generating hypotheses not in the image plane but on the top-view reconstruction of the scene.

Contemporary power systems demand efficient and sustainable technologies. Single-phase induction motors, while widely used, face efficiency challenges due to inherent rotor losses. Proposed solutions include the Line-start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (LSPMSM), leveraging permanent magnets for enhanced energy density but facing demagnetization and cost issues. Alternatively, the Line-start Synchronous Reluctance Motor (LSRM) operates as a hybrid motor without permanent magnets, reducing rotor losses and potentially improving efficiency. This paper focuses on designing an LSRM rotor for air conditioner compressors, analyzing start-up characteristics and efficiency through finite element analysis. A comparative study with single-phase induction motors provides insights for future motor technology selection, balancing efficiency and other requirements.

The current public survey performance review extracts samples according to the set screening ratio, and examines the extracted samples to determine the suitability or inadequacy of the survey performance. The examiner directly judges the survey performance submitted by the performer, and extracts it in consideration of various field conditions and topography for each subject. However, it is necessary to secure fairness in the examination as it is extracted with different extraction methods for each subject and the judgment of the examiner. Accordingly, in order to automate sampling for public survey performance review, the detailed sampling criteria of the reviewer were investigated to prepare a volume calculation table, and the automation of sampling using Python was studied. In addition, by reviewing items that can and cannot be automated, the application of the automated decision tree algorithm of sampling was reviewed.

Super app is an application that provides a variety of services in a unified interface within a single platform. With the acceleration of digital transformation, super apps are becoming more prevalent. This study aims to suggest service enhancement measures by analyzing the user review data before and after the transition to a super app. To this end, user review data from a payment-based super app(Shinhan Play) were collected and studied via topic modeling. Moreover, a matrix for assessing the importance and usefulness of topics is introduced, which relies on the eigenvector centrality of the inter-topic network obtained through topic modeling and the number of review recommendations. This allowed us to identify and categorize topics with high utility and impact. Prior to the transition, the factors contributing to user satisfaction included 'payment service,' 'additional service,' and 'improvement.' Following the transition, user satisfaction was associated with 'payment service' and 'integrated UX.' Conversely, dissatisfaction factors before the transition encompassed issues related to 'signup/installation,' 'payment error/response,' 'security authentication,' and 'security error.' Following the transition, user dissatisfaction arose from concerns regarding 'update/error response' and 'UX/UI.' The research results are expected to be used as a basis for establishing strategies to strengthen service competitiveness by making super app services more user-oriented.

Halloysite nanotube (HNT) has a nanotube structure with the chemical formula of Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O and is a natural sediment of aluminosilicate. HNT has been used as additive to improve the mechanical properties of epoxy composites with exchange of amine group as a terminal functional group using huge amount of organic solvents. In order to save time and simplify complicated procedures, a dry coating machine was designed and used for amine group exchange in previous research. For better applications, it was conducted with different parameters and with scale up settings. Best condition was found to reduce usage of solvent, time and man power.

This study is about the organizational justice of fire service agency for organizational commitment and motivation of firefighters. The research data were collected from 355 firefighters nationwide using the On-nara Administrative Work Management System 2.0. The statistical processing method of the research data was analyzed using the statistical program SPSS 28.0. The study results showed that the overall level of firefighters' perception of organizational justice was slightly lower than normal, with an average score of 2.85. Regarding gender, male firefighters were more likely to believe that the organization was injustice than female firefighters. In addition, organizational justice was found to be lower among fire sergeants by rank and first aiders by responsibility.

Epoxy resins are widely used in various fields due to their high adhesion, mechanical strength, and solvent resistance. However, as the volume decreases during the hardening process and the cooling process after hardening, stress is generated and when an external force is applied, the brittle material exhibits destruction behavior. To complement this, research has been conducted using inorganic nanofillers such as halloysite nanotube(HNT). HNT has a nanotube structure with the chemical formula of Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O and is a natural sediment of aluminosilicate. It has been used as additive to improve the mechanical properties of epoxy composites with exchange of amine group as a terminal functional group. In order to simplify complicated procedures of common wet method, a dry coating machine was designed and used for amine group exchange in previous research. In this study, they were applied as filler in epoxy composites, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength and flexural strength of composites were examined.

The purpose of this study is to prepare basic data to help college students adapt to college life by grasping the effects of mentoring skills, self-concept, career decision-making self-efficacy, and major satisfaction on college life adaptation. To achieve the purpose of the study, data were collected from January 17 to January 27, 2024, targeting college students from one university in C city located in G-do. The survey was conducted online. As a result of the study, the mentoring function of the subjects averaged 4.11 points (out of 5 points), the self-concept was 4.29 points (out of 5 points), the career decision-making self-efficacy was 4.04 points (out of 5 points), the major satisfaction was 4.45 points (out of 5 points), and the college life adaptation was 3.91 points (out of 5 points). The factor that most influenced the subject's adaptation to college life was career decision-making self-efficacy, followed by self-concept, mentoring function, and major-art field. The explanatory power of the model was 70.2%. Specifically, the higher the career decision-making self-efficacy, the higher the self-concept, and the higher the mentoring function, the higher the adaptation to college life. Educational intervention programs (non-curricular programs) are needed to adapt to college life for college students, and subsequent studies need to examine the effects of the developed programs.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different washing solvents and washing methods on the flexural strength of 3D printed temporary resin. A bar(25 × 2 × 2 mm) was produced with a layer thickness of 50 ㎛ using an LCD-type 3D printer and divided into 15 groups(n = 10, each) according to washing solution(IPA; 99% isopropyl alcohol, TPM; 93% Tripropylene glycol monomethylether, ETL; Ethanol, TWC; Twin 3D Cleaner, and DNC; DIO navi Cleaner) and washing method(Dip; Dip washing, Ultra; Ultrasonic washing, and Auto; Automated washing). All groups were washed for 5 minutes, and post-cured for 5 minutes using a UV LED light curing machine. The Flexural strength was measured using a three-point bending test using a universal testing machine. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD post hoc test, Kruskal-Wallis test and post-hoc by Bonferroni-Dunn test(𝛼=.05) were performed depending on whether the normality test was satisfied. In all washing solvents except TPM and DNC, the Dip group showed the lowest flexural strength values, while the Auto group showed the highest flexural strength values except for DNC. Additionally, the washing solution showed completely different flexural strength values depending on the washing method.

Silicon carbide materials undergo an oxidation reaction in a high-temperature oxidizing environment and show different characteristics depending on the test temperature and time. In particular, the added oxides form a secondary phase within the sintering process and exhibit different oxidation characteristics depending on the added sintering materials. Therefore, to evaluate the oxidation characteristics, the weight of the test piece and the thickness of the oxidation layer were observed, and the structure and oxidation characteristics of the material were analyzed using SEM. SEM observation showed that an oxide layer was formed on the surface of the liquid sintered silicon carbide material after it was oxidized at 1200 ℃, 1300 ℃, and 1400 ℃ for 10 hours, respectively. Then, a bending test was performed at each temperature on the test piece with the oxidation layer formed to evaluate the change in flexural strength. The strength was 466.6 MPa at 1200 ℃, 363.1 MPa at 1300 ℃, and 350.8 MPa at 1400 ℃. Al₂O₃-SiO₂ oxidized at 1200 ℃ for 10 hours showed an increase in strength of about 21.0 MPa compared to the data before the oxidation test.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the productivity of multilayered modular housing units during the prefabrication phase. Additionally, it shows the results of productivity analysis conducted using the Web Cyclone technique. Initially, an review of literature and prior studies helped outline the comprehensive manufacturing process of laminated modular apartments, examining the range of minimum, average, and maximum work durations along with workforce size. Subsequently, the productivity of the multilayered apartments' prefabrication was assessed using the Web Cyclone technique, focusing on the workflow, duration, and personnel involved. This analysis also included a comparison of productivity against the initial plan based on the outcomes of a sensitivity analysis.

This study analyzes trends and characteristics of the machine tool remanufacturing industry and proposes a standard process that considers environmental impact assessment during the remanufacturing process. First, trends in remanufacturing and environmental regulations are reviewed. And the current status of the machine tool remanufacturing industry and cases of national R&D projects related to machine tools are analyzed. Machine tool remanufacturing has a high resource saving effect, and remanufacturing is carried out as a finished product rather than as a part. And the scope of remanufacturing work is very wide due to the performance improvement of the machine and the addition of features. In order for the machine tool remanufacturing industry to be competitive, it is necessary to create products with high added value. In addition, in order to respond to international environmental regulations, it is necessary to secure related data by conducting an environmental impact assessment together during remanufacturing.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing learning satisfaction of nursing students in online non-face-to-face classes during COVID-19 pandemic. 138 undergraduate nursing students were recruited from C nursing colleges of C city in Gyungnam. Data was collected using a self-reported online-questionnaire from 5 January to 18 January, 2022. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 27.0 program using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Factor influencing learning satisfaction among undergraduate nursing students on online non-face-to-face classes during COVID-19 pandemic were teaching presence(presence of teacher)(𝛽=.43, p<.001), instructional quality(content qualities)(𝛽=.41, p<.001), Satisfaction of nursing major(satisfaction)(𝛽=.13, p<.001). instructional quality(interface)(𝛽=.12, p=.036), which explained about 85.3% of total variance(F=192.78, p<.001). Therefore, in order to improve class satisfaction in online non-face-to-face classes, it is necessary to operate classes that prioritize the presence of teacher so that learners can recognize and trust the presence of teacher by passionately professional performing. And, among instructional quality, we should be strengthen the usefulness of learning materials, content factors related to tests and assignments, and strive to improve satisfaction of nursing major. In addition, it is necessary to prepare and operate classes that fully consider the interface factors related to the manual composition and system convenience for online classes among the quality factors of classes.

The purpose of radiological Dispersal Device(RDD) is to kill people by explosives and to cause radiation exposure by dispersing radioactive materials. And It is a form of explosive that combines radioactive materials such as Co-60 and Ir-192 with improvised explosives. In this study, we tested and evaluated whether it was possible to read the internal structure of an explosive using X-rays in a radioactive explosive situation. The improvised explosive device was manufactured using 2 lb of model TNT explosives, one practice detonator, one 9V battery, and a timer switch in a leather briefcase measuring 41×35×10 cm³. The radioactive material used was the Co-60 source used in the low-level gamma ray irradiation device operated at the Advanced Radiation Research Institute of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. The radiation dose used was gamma ray energy of 1.17 MeV and 1.33 MeV from a Co-60 source of 2208 Ci. The dose rates are divided into 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 Gy/h, and the exposure time was divided into 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes. Co-60 source was mixed with the manufactured explosive and X-ray image reading was performed. As a result of the experiment, the X-ray image appeared black in all conditions divided by dose rate and time, and it was impossible to confirm the internal structure of the explosive. This is because γ-rays emitted from radioactive explosives have higher energy and stronger penetrating power than X-rays, so it is believed that imaging using X-rays is limited By blackening the film. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for research and development of X-ray imaging that can read the internal structure of explosives in radioactive explosive situations.

This study aims to suggest service improvement opportunities by analyzing user review data of the top three OTT service apps(Netflix, Coupang Play, and TVING) on Google Play Store. To achieve this objective, we proposed a framework for uncovering service opportunities through the analysis of negative user reviews from OTT service providers. The framework involves automating the labeling of identified topics and generating service improvement opportunities using topic modeling and prompt engineering, leveraging GPT-4, a generative AI model. Consequently, we pinpointed five dissatisfaction topics for Netflix and TVING, and nine for Coupang Play. Common issues include "video playback errors", "app installation and update errors", "subscription and payment" problems, and concerns regarding "content quality". The commonly identified service enhancement opportunities include "enhancing and diversifying content quality". "optimizing video quality and data usage", "ensuring compatibility with external devices", and "streamlining payment and cancellation processes". In contrast to prior research, this study introduces a novel research framework leveraging generative AI to label topics and propose improvement strategies based on the derived topics. This is noteworthy as it identifies actionable service opportunities aimed at enhancing service competitiveness and satisfaction, instead of merely outlining topics.

This study used Korea's cause of death statistical data to identify the scale and characteristics of deaths from respiratory diseases in Jeollabuk-do over the past five years ('18~'22). The average number of deaths due to respiratory diseases in Jeollabuk-do over the past five years was approximately 11.5% of all deaths, and pneumonia accounted for 81.0% of deaths due to respiratory diseases. Deaths from respiratory diseases were highest among men, those in their 80s, those who were widowed, and those with elementary school education. The highest number of deaths by occupation were skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers, but when standardized by age, the highest number of deaths were among technicians and related workers. The main place of death due to respiratory diseases was found to be medical institutions. In order to reduce the occurrence and death of respiratory diseases, it is necessary to establish resident health promotion and disease management health policies that reflect regional characteristics.

Metaheuristics' impact is profound across many fields, yet domestic financial portfolio optimization research falls short, particularly in asset allocation. This study delves into metaheuristics for portfolio optimization, examining theoretical and practical benefits. Findings indicate portfolios optimized via metaheuristics outperform the Dow Jones Index in Sharpe ratios, underscoring their potential to enhance risk-adjusted returns significantly. Tabu search, in comparison to Simulated Annealing, demonstrates superior performance by efficiently navigating the search space. Despite these advancements, practical application remains challenging due to the complexities in metaheuristic implementation. The study advocates for broader algorithmic exploration, including population-based metaheuristics, to refine asset allocation strategies further. This research marks a step towards optimizing portfolios from an extensive array of financial assets, aiming for maximum efficacy in investment outcomes.

In many regions of Korea, including the Four Major Rivers, the seriousness of the problem of algal blooms due to eutrophication of water quality is being raised.In this study, in order to solve these social problems, we manufactured a filter using natural mineral fusion (red illite, zeolite, germanium ceramic, selenium ceramic, carbon ceramic) and independently developed a tank system for green algae experiments to observe and determine the stages of change in water quality. In order to study ways to improve water quality through quantitative analysis, 1 ton of severely polluted green algae water from the Nak dong River region was stored in a water tank and exposed to ultraviolet rays in the same environment as the Nak dong River. Then, the same environment as the Nak dong River was created. The results were derived from a 5-week water quality test. The results of this experiment confirmed that green-colored cyano bacteria were significantly reduced just by the turbidity results. The results were obtained through a request to the Korea Testing & Research Institute located in Changwon-si, Gyeong sang nam-do. CI-(chlorine ion) and NH3-N(ammonia nitrogen) had the effect of saving every week. The device used in this study was made of natural minerals free of heavy metals that are harmless to the human body and nature through long-term consideration and exploration to kill and prevent various strains living in water. Green purification system using natural hydrogen generating mineral filter were effective a non-chemical and physical methods. The results of this study are one way to contribute to the serious problems caused by green algae in many countries, and will contribute to the water quality environment by preventing the waste of environmental resources, improving the health of the people, and increasing the ability to purify environmental water quality at home and abroad.