Objective: The purpose is to develop smart shoes with sensors that help prevent musculoskeletal disorder of individual workers using ICT convergent technology. Background: This study intended to develop an intelligent shoe platform for analysis of musculoskeletal disorder prevention by analyzing working conditions and postures of musculoskeletal disorder, securing biomechanical database on characteristics of consumers demanding prevention of musculoskeletal disorder, and developing hardware module and platform. Method: The positions of the pressure sensors in the smart shoe were cells 3, 5, 28, 29, and 30 on the fore-foot, cells 70 and 71 on the mid-foot, and cells 83, 84, 90, and 92 on the rear-foot; the module was inserted in the rear-foot area. For the sake of weight reduction and impact absorption, injection phylon was used. Rubber materials were used for the outside of the outsole to prevent slippage. For easy insertion of the module, the vera and the eyelids on the upper were designed to be long and deep. After the shoemaking process was finished, a translucent mesh material was used for easy removal of the midsole. Results: By doing so, inserting the module became easier; the module's accuracy and pressure dispersion improved as well. Conclusion: Working postures that induce musculoskeletal disorder can be analyzed easily by adding smart function to work shoes through existing smart devices. Application: The system can be utilized as a solution to prevent and manage musculoskeletal disorder more efficiently.

Objective: The present study investigated different perceptions of the uncanny valley phenomenon according to linguistic and cultural differences and difference in user sentiment concerning android and artificial intelligence (AI). Background: The uncanny valley phenomenon is recognized as an important design factor that must be considered in robots, androids, computer graphics, and animation production fields. Method: English, Japanese, and Korean tweets on Android and AI were collected. Sentiment analysis and text analysis were performed on this social media data. Results: The results showed that English users have higher rate of negative responses to androids that have appearances similar to humans compared to Japanese users; the English users use more negative expressions (adjectives). Conclusion: This implies that uncanny valley phenomenon can vary according to linguistic and cultural differences in participants and that these linguistic and cultural differences must be considered when researching and applying the uncanny valley phenomenon. Application: The results of this study could be used as empirical and quantitative data for developing design guidelines of human-friendly androids and CG contents that overcome uncanny valley phenomenon.

Objective: This study explored the optimal level of color and light level for crime prevention environment design (CPTED) focusing on pedestrian emotions in night environment. Background: As a solution to reduce the crime that occupies the highest proportion of various social unrest factors, the crime prevention environment design (CPTED) technique is being used. Method: Color (21 levels) and light (3 levels) were selected as efficient design factors to reduce the fear of crime. Five pairs of emotional words related to 'fear of crime' were derived. We provided the nighttime alley environment composed of various combinations of color and light using the simulator. The participants answered the questionnaire composed of 7 points of Likert scale. Results: There was a difference in fear of crime according to color in all emotional lexical pairs. Also, in all emotional lexical pairs except one pair, female showed higher fear of crime than male. Conclusion: This study suggested the optimal combination of color and light in alley environment. Color (19), (20), and (21) showed low fear of crime in all light levels. Color (17) showed low fear of crime in Light (Blue). And color (18) showed low fear of crime in Light (Blue) and Light (Orange). In particular, color (8), (11), and (16) did not show low fear of crime, but they showed low fear of crime when it matched light (Blue). Application: From the point of view of integrating color and light in crime prevention environment design, the combination of color and light proposed in this study is highly recommended.

Objective: This study aims to identify the past and current situations through literature review on how Big Data is utilized in the medical field, and to suggest ergonomic implications and directions of big data technology in the medical field in the future. Background: As the investment on the medical treatment and medical service is expanded and the amount of medical information is increased due to introduction of electronic medical records, utilization of Big Data technology in medical field is increasing. Method: The articles from academic journals, conference proceedings, and professional publications published after year 2000 were searched using such data bases as DBPia. The literature to be studied was searched by keywords of "medical", "health", "healthcare", "big data", "medical data", and their combinations. Results: The parties using medical Big Data were classified into three ones, including the customers or patients using medical services, the medical institutions providing medical services, and the national or public institutions. In addition, we classified personal information problems, which all three parties should consider in common. Conclusion: Customers, medical institutions, national or public institutions can benefit from the use of medical Big Data in making various decisions. It is also necessary to take measures to solve the problem of leakage of personal information by using Medical Big Data. Application: It will be applied to guide the direction of research to safeguard personal information safely while valuing the Big Data that will lead the development of medical field.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the expert prediction method for estimating the delay factors and the delay time of the nozzle dam installation and removal tasks. Background: The radiation managers of nuclear power plants have tried to find the delay factors to reduce the delay time of the nozzle dam installation and removal tasks, one of the highest radiation dose tasks performed during the scheduled preventive overhaul period of nuclear power plants. Method: Five experts on nozzle dam installation and removal tasks estimated relative weights for delay factors and the delay time of the task using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. In the experiment using the steam generator water chamber mockup simulator the maximum delay time was measured from the difference between the longest and the shortest performance time of the tasks repeated by the three skilled workers. Results: Some unexpected events during the simulation trial lead to a low statistical correlation between the estimated delay time and the measured delay time of the nozzle dam installation and removal tasks. Expert estimations using the AHP method could not reflect the accidental event such as an unexpected excessively tightening of the bolts on the nozzle dam making the performance time prolonged. Conclusion: The estimates on the delay time using the AHP method were limited in usefulness but the debriefing results showed that the estimates of the delay factors predicted well the real situation of the nozzle dam installation and removals tasks. Application: The AHP method for delay factor estimation might be usefully applied to the other high radiation dose overhaul tasks of nuclear power plants such as refueling, reactor water clean-up, works for decommissioning and so on.

Objective: This study aims to understand the accident characteristics of the foreign workers in domestic chemical industry and to present analytic results for basic guidelines on accident prevention. Background: It is known that foreign workers constitute greater portion of workers in industries that are dirty, difficult and dangerous especially chemical and construction industries. Method: This study analyzed the data of 2,272 workers in the chemical industry that have been approved as on-duty industrial accidents in 2015. The accident characteristics of foreign workers and Korean workers were analyzed in view of worker-related factors and accident-related factors. Results: There is no difference by nationality in the distribution of gender of the injured. The distribution of the injured according to nationality was found to be different in age, size of employment, type of employment, work experience, days of the week, time of the day, events or exposures, agent, type of injury, natures of injury and illnesses, injured body part. Conclusion: Foreign workers show a much higher proportion of injuries than Korean workers in the chemical industry. Comparing to the Korean injured, the foreign injured are employed by small size company and work on weekends and night or early in the morning more often. In addition, machine operating job is the major cause of the accidents and hand/wrist injuries constitute major portion of the injured body part. Application: The results of this study can be used as baseline data to devise systematic measures to prevent accidents for the foreign workers in the domestic chemical industry.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of occupational injuries and illnesses in social welfare facilities recognized as industrial accident compensation workers. Background: Although the elderly population is increasing, there is a lack of research on the analysis of accident characteristics for workers in the social welfare facilities. Method: This study analyzes the characteristics of 560 injuries and illness at the social welfare facilities in 2015. Results: The results showed that 93.6% were female, and injured persons with > 50 years consisted of 86.8% of all accidents. There was a significant difference in distribution of injuries and illnesses by age group. Conclusion: Most of the injured persons occurred in the social welfare facilities are older female workers. Thus, it is necessary to accommodate the characteristics of older female workers for producing suitable workplaces. Application: The results of this study can be used as basic data for establishing preventive policy reflecting the characteristics of accidents.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop risk assessment matrices for building cleaning jobs and to suggest preventive measures against unacceptable risks with high risk of accidents to reflect them in accident prevention policy and to induce safety work of field workers. Background: In order to prevent industrial accidents, the risk assessment for the occupation type should be preceded. Based on the results, it is necessary to establish and implement the accident prevention measures for the dangerous work that has a high possibility of accidents and large damages in case of occurrence. Method: In this study, a risk assessment matrix was derived by analyzing 1,645 building cleaner accident data approved as a work related injuries in 2015. Based on the results of risk assessment, Measures for the prevention of accidents by risk work were suggested. Results: The 16 risk factors were found during the building cleaners' working, the most dangerous hazards of them were slipping on the floor (or the stairs) and falling on the ladder. Conclusion and Application: The results of the risk assessment matrix analysis using the accident data for occupational cleaning workers and the suggestion of the accident prevention measures for the high risk work can be useful for suggesting the safe working methods of the workers in the building cleaning workers concentrated on the aged female workers.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop new method for detecting feigned memory impairment using theta oscillation of electroencephalogram (EEG). Background: It is estimated that many people claim feigned memory impairment after an accident for financial gain. Although recognition memory tests was used to detect feigned memory impairment, it has been shown that examinees can easily manipulate the test results. There are new studies to suggest new methods using event-related potential (ERP) to detect feigned memory impairment. However, the discrimination accuracy of these methods was not sufficient. Method: Thirty participants took a recognition memory test during both malingering and amnesia model condition while their EEGs were recoding. EEGs were recorded from F3, Fz, F4, Cz, P3, Pz, and P4 sites. Event-related potential (ERP) old/new effects were calculated from the difference between ERPs for old and new words. Theta wave was extracted from EEG using 4~8Hz band-pass filter, and event-related (ER) theta old/new effects were calculated from theta wave. Results: The big difference between two conditions was observed in ERP old/new effects and ER theta old/new effects measured at Cz and P3 site. The correlation between ERP old/new effect and ER theta old/new effect was as low as .22. The detection accuracy of feigned memory impairment was 74.4% when using only ERP old/new effect, and was 72.1% when using only ER theta old/new effect. When both were used, the accuracy increased to 83.7%. Conclusion: ERP old/new effect and ER theta old/new effect reflect different aspects of recognition memory. Therefore, using both effects will increase the accuracy of the detection of feigned memory impairment. Application: The results of the study will help to develop standardized tests for detecting feigned memory impairment.