DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Differences in Uncanny Valley Phenomenon by Languages Using Social Media Data

Social Media Data를 이용한 Uncanny Valley 현상의 언어권 별 차이 분석

  • Received : 2018.01.27
  • Accepted : 2018.03.15
  • Published : 2018.04.30

Abstract

Objective: The present study investigated different perceptions of the uncanny valley phenomenon according to linguistic and cultural differences and difference in user sentiment concerning android and artificial intelligence (AI). Background: The uncanny valley phenomenon is recognized as an important design factor that must be considered in robots, androids, computer graphics, and animation production fields. Method: English, Japanese, and Korean tweets on Android and AI were collected. Sentiment analysis and text analysis were performed on this social media data. Results: The results showed that English users have higher rate of negative responses to androids that have appearances similar to humans compared to Japanese users; the English users use more negative expressions (adjectives). Conclusion: This implies that uncanny valley phenomenon can vary according to linguistic and cultural differences in participants and that these linguistic and cultural differences must be considered when researching and applying the uncanny valley phenomenon. Application: The results of this study could be used as empirical and quantitative data for developing design guidelines of human-friendly androids and CG contents that overcome uncanny valley phenomenon.

Keywords

References

  1. Aaron, S., Robot Replicants Gather with Their Originals In World's Creepiest Reunion (video), SingularityHUB, 2011, http:// singularityhub.com/2011/04/06/robot-replicants-g7ather-with-their-originals-in-worlds-creepiest-reunion-video/ (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  2. BRIC Plus, Meet Chihira Aico: The World's First Female Humanoid, BRIC+, 2015, http://www.bricplusnews.com/affairs/meetchihira-aico-the-humanoid/ (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  3. Burleigh, T.J., Schoenherr, J.R. and Lacroix, G.L., Does the uncanny valley exist? An empirical test of the relationship between eeriness and the human likeness of digitally created faces. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 759-771, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.11.021
  4. Choi, C.H., Jang, P.S. and Seo, M.S., Digital Design Process of Marine Leisure Boat Using Human Sensibility Evaluation, Journal of the Ergonomic Society of Korea, 29(4), 693-699, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2010.29.4.693
  5. David, S., Deep Reinforcement Learning, Google Deep Mind Official Blog, 2016, https://deepmind.com/blog (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  6. Gamer, M., Lemon, J., Fellows, I. and Singh, P., irr: Various coefficients of interrater reliability and agreement. R package version 0.84, 2012.
  7. Harrison, J. and Harrison, M.J., Package 'RSelenium', 2014, http://johndharrison.github.io/RSOCRUG/#1 (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  8. Ishiguro, H., ATR Homepage, http://www.geminoid.jp/en/index.html (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  9. Jang, P.S., An Experimental Approach to Uncanny Valley Hypothesis. Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, 26(1), 47-53, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2007.26.1.047
  10. Jung, K.T., Sensibility and Preference Evaluation for Character Design, Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, 26(1), 63-69, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2007.26.1.063
  11. Jang, P.S., Jung, W.H. and Hyun, J.S., Effect of Abstraction and Realism on Uncanny Valley in 3D Character Model. The Journal of Digital Convergence, 14(10), 277-285, 2016. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2016.14.10.277
  12. Kelly, K., Beyond the Uncanny Valley, The Technium, 2012, http://kk.org/thetechnium/archives/2012/01/beyond_the_unca.php (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  13. Kim, D.G., Kim, H.Y., Kim, G.Y, Jang, P.S., Jung, W.H. and Hyun, J.S., Exploratory Understanding of the Uncanny Valley Phenomena Based on Event-Related Potential Measurement, Korean Journal of the Science of Emotion and Sensibility, 19(1), 95-110, 2016. https://doi.org/10.14695/KJSOS.2016.19.1.95
  14. Kim, H.H. and Jang, P.S., Differences in Sentiment on SNS: Comparison among Six Languages. Journal of Digital Convergence, 14(3), 165-170, 2016. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2016.14.3.165
  15. Landis, J.R. and Koch, G.G., The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 159-174, 1977.
  16. Masahiro, M., The Buddha in the Robot: A Robot Engineer's Thoughts on Science and Religion, 1989.
  17. MacDorman, K.F., Androids as an experimental apparatus: Why is there an uncanny valley and can we exploit it. In CogSci-2005 Workshop: Toward Social Mechanisms of Android Science (pp. 106-118), 2005.
  18. MacDorman, K.F., Vasudevan, S.K. and Ho, C.C., Does Japan really have robot mania? Comparing attitudes by implicit and explicit measures. AI & Society, 23(4), 485-510, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-008-0181-2
  19. McCurry, J., South Korean woman's hair 'eaten' by robot vacuum cleaner as she slept. The Guardian, 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/feb/09/south-korean-womans-hair-eaten-by-robot-vacuum-cleaner-as-she-slept (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  20. Mori, M., Bukimi no tani [The uncanny valley]. Energy, 7(4), 33-35, 1970. (Translated by Karl F. MacDorman and Takashi Minato in 2005) within Appendix B for the paper Androids as an Experimental Apparatus: Why is there an uncanny and can we exploit it?. In Proceedings of the CogSci-2005 Workshop: Toward Social Mechanisms of Android Science (pp. 106-118), 2005.
  21. Rundle, M., South Korean Woman's Hair 'Eaten' By Robot Vacuum Cleaner. Huffpost Tech, 2015, http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk /2015/02/09/robot-vacuum-cleaner-hair_n_6643640.html (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  22. Saygin, A.P., Chaminade, T., Ishiguro, H., Driver, J. and Frith, C., The thing that should not be: predictive coding and the uncanny valley in perceiving human and humanoid robot actions. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (2011): nsr025.
  23. SentiStrength Homepage, About SentiStrength, 2016, http://sentistrength.wlv.ac.uk/#About (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  24. Singer, P.W., Wired for war: The robotics revolution and conflict in the 21st century. Penguin, 2009.
  25. Statista Inc., Number of monthly active Twitter users worldwide from 1st quarter 2010 to 1st quarter 2016 (in millions), Statista, http://www.statista.com/statistics/282087/number-of-monthly-active-twitter-users/ (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  26. Steckenfinger, S.A. and Ghazanfar, A.A., Monkey visual behavior falls into the uncanny valley. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(43), 18362-18366, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0910063106
  27. Stevens, D., Tintin, So So. Slate, 2011, http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/movies/2011/12/adventures_of_tintin_review_spielberg_s_-motion_capture_adventure_has_its_charms_but_it_s_no_raiders_.html (retrieved June 19, 2016).
  28. Twitter, Inc., The Streaming APIs Overview, 2016, https://dev.twitter.com/streaming/overview (retrieved June 19, 2016).