• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between satisfaction with fundamental nursing skills practicum, confidence in fundamental nursing skills performance and learning flow, and examined factors influencing satisfaction with practicum programs of fundamental nursing skills in face-to-face and online classes for nursing students amid COVID-19. Methods: The subjects of the study were 229 junior nursing students from two colleges of nursing located in D and C city, respectively. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson's correlation and hierarchical multiple regression, using SPSS/WINdows 23.0. Results: The subjects' satisfaction with practicum showed a high positive correlation with confidence in performance (r=.55, p<.001) and learning flow (r=.70, p<.001) in face-to-face classes, and their satisfaction with practicum showed a high positive correlation with confidence in performance (r=.56, p<.001) and learning flow (r=.73, p<.001) in online classes. The factors affecting the subjects' satisfaction with practicum were learning flow (β=.51, p<.001) and confidence in performance (β=.30, p<.001) for face-to-face classes, and motivation for application (β=.14, p=.034), learning flow (β=.58 p<.001) and confidence in performance (β=.19, p=.015) for online classes. These factors explained 53% and 60% of the satisfaction with practicum in face-to-face classes (F=23.07, p<.001) and online classes (F=20.66, p<.001), respectively. Conclusion: Learning flow and confidence in performance should be considered when developing learning strategy programs to improve nursing students' satisfaction with fundamental nursing skills practicum in both face-to-face and online classes.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.612-628
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• 2001

본 논문은 절차지향 소프트웨어로부터 클래스와 상속성을 추출하기 위한 방법론을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법론은 모든 경우의 객체 후보군으로부터 정의된 클래스 후보군과 그들의 상속성을 생성하여 클래스 후보군과 영역 모델 사이의 관계성과 유서 정도를 가지고 최고 또는 최적의 클래스 후보군을 선택하는데 초점을 둔다. 클래스와 상속성 추출 방법론은 다음과 같은 두드러진 특징을 가지고 있다. 정적(속성)과 동적(메소드)인 클러스터링 방법을 사용하고, 클래스 후보군의 경우는 추상화에 초점을 두며, m개의 클래스 후보군과 n개의 클래스 후보 사이의 상속 관계의 유사도 측정 즉, 2차원적 유사도 측정은 m개의 클래스 후보와 n개의 클래스 후보 사이의 전체 그룹에 대한 유사도를 구하는 수평적 측정과 클래스 후보군들에서 상속성을 가진 클래스의 집합과 영역 모델에서 같은 클래스 상속성을 가진 클래스 집합 사이의 유사도를 위한 수직적 측정방법이 있다. 이러한 방법론은 최고 또는 최적의 클래스 후보군을 선택하기 위해 제공학 전문가에게 광범위하고 통합적인 환경을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.111-125
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• 2000

This paper presents cross-national perspectives on challenges in implementing current mathematics education reform ideals. This paper includes detailed qualitative descriptions of mathematics instruction from unevenly successful second-grade classrooms both in Koran and in the U. S with regared to reform recommendations. Despits dramatic differences in mathematics achivement between Korean and the U.S student. problems in both countries with regard to mathematics education are perceived to be very similar. The shared problems have a common origin in teacher-centered instruction. Educational leaders in both countries have persistently attempted to change the teacher-centered pedagogy to a student-centered approach. Many teachers report familiarity with and adherence to reform ideas, but their actual classroom teaching practices do not reflect the full implications of the reform ideals. Given the challenges in implementing reform, this study explored the breakdown that may occur between teachers adoption of reform objectives and their successful incorporation of reform ideals by comparing and contrasting two reform-oriented classrooms in both countries. This comparison and contrast provided a unique opportunity to reflect on possible subtle but crucial issues with regard to reform implementation. Thus, this study departed from past international comparisons in which the common objective has been to compare general social norma of typical mathematics classes across countries. This study was and exploratory, qualitative, comparative case study using grounded theory methodology based on constant comparative analysis for which the primary data sources were classroom video recordings and transcripts. The Korean portion of this study was conducted by the team of four researchers, including the author. The U.S portion of this study and a brief joint analysis were conducted by the author. This study compared and contrasted the classroom general social norms and sociomathematical norms of two Korean and two U.S second-grade teachers who aspired to implement reform. The two classrooms in each country were chosen because of their unequal success in activating the reform recommendation. Four mathematics lessons were videotaped from Korean classes, whereas fourteen lessons were videotaped from the U.S. classes. Intensive interviews were conducted with each teacher. The two classes within each country established similar participation patterns but very different sociomathematical norms. In both classes open-ended questioning, collaborative group work, and students own problem solving constituted the primary modes of classroom participation. However in one class mathematical significance was constituted as using standard algorithm with accuracy, whereas the other established a focus on providing reasonable and convincing arguments. Given these different mathematical foci, the students in the latter class had more opportunities to develop conceptual understanding than their counterparts. The similarities and differences to between the two teaching practices within each country clearly show that students learning opportunities do not arise social norms of a classroom community. Instead, they are closely related to its sociomathematical norms. Thus this study suggests that reform efforts highlight the importance of sociomathematical norms that established in the classroom microculture. This study also provides a more caution for the Korean reform movement than for its U.S. counterpart.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.111-126
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary habits and nutrient intakes of school-aged children participating in extracurricular classes, to with regards to class schedule. Three-hundred and two students from Seoul were selected and classified into two groups. One group attended extracurricular classes less than 12.43 hours per week, which was determined as the average number of hours per week(AELT, n=147). The other group attended extracurricular classes more than 12.43 hours per week(AEMT, n=155). The average student age in both the AELT and AEMT groups was 11.9 years, respectively. In terms of height and weight, there were no significant differences between the two groups. AELT received significantly more hours of sleep than AEMT(p<0.01), and there were significantly more responses with regard to lack of sleep in the AEMT group than in the AELT group(p<0.05). In a survey on 17 clinical symptoms regarding health, the AEMT group had significantly higher response rates than the AELT group in the following sections: no appetite (p<0.001), dizziness(p<0.001), headache(p<0.01), tiredness(p<0.01), cold symptoms(p<0.05), and sore eyes(p<0.05). Meal time irregularity was significantly higher than AEMT than in AELT(p<0.05). Approximately 50% of the subjects were picky eaters, and 40% and 20% skipped breakfast or dinner, respectively. The average energy intakes for AELT and AEMT were 2122.2 kcal and 2061.5 kcal, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. AEMT consumed significantly lower quantities of protein, animal fat, vitamin $B_6$, calcium, and phosphorus(each p<0.05) as compared to the AELT group. Beverage intake was significantly higher in AEMT than AELT(p<0.05). The number of hours in extracurricular classes showed a significant negative correlation with the intakes of protein, animal protein, animal fat, vitamin $B_6$, folate, calcium, plant calcium and phosphorus(each p<0.05). The number of hours in extracurricular classes also showed a significant negative correlation with soy foods intake(p<0.05). These results suggest that continuous and systematic nutritional education should be performed in order to prevent and improve the unbalanced diets and problematic of dietary habits that may result in students due to attendance in extracurricular classes.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.99-124
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• 2017

The structure theorems [3, 6, 21] for the classes of perfect ideals of grade 3 have been generalized to the structure theorems for the classes of perfect ideals linked to almost complete intersections of grade 3 by a regular sequence [15]. In this paper we obtain structure theorems for two classes of Gorenstein ideals of grade 4 expressed as the sum of a perfect ideal of grade 3 (except a Gorenstein ideal of grade 3) and an almost complete intersection of grade 3 which are geometrically linked by a regular sequence.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.1958-1969
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• 1996

This paper proposed a new approach to adaptive call admission control based on a neural network for multiple service classes with different quality of service (QoS) in the ATM-based Broadband Integrated Services Digital Networks. the proposed method extend Hiramatsu's neural network based "leaky pattern table" method for the single QoS[1, 2, 3] to deal with multiple services with different QoS by constructing multiple pattern tables based on each service's acceptance or rejection at the call set-up requests, and by simultaneously controlling each service's QoS according to the target QoS of the service and the trunk capacity. Computer simulation results on two service classes with different traffic characteristics and different cell loss rates as QoS, highlight good performance and effectiveness of the proposed call admission controller for multiple service classes.e classes.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.700-702
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• 2007

We present a relevance feedback approach based on multi-class support vector machine (SVM) learning and cluster-merging which can significantly improve the retrieval performance in region-based image retrieval. Semantically relevant images may exhibit various visual characteristics and may be scattered in several classes in the feature space due to the semantic gap between low-level features and high-level semantics in the user's mind. To find the semantic classes through relevance feedback, the proposed method reduces the burden of completely re-clustering the classes at iterations and classifies multiple classes. Experimental results show that the proposed method is more effective and efficient than the two-class SVM and multi-class relevance feedback methods.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.98-105
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• 2022

This study's purpose is to suggest a pedagogical method based on using animated movie in liberal arts English classes and to examine the direction that using animated movie as learning material should take. To this end, in this study, the content understanding and expression concentration stages using animated movie are presented. After students learned in class through animated movie, two tests were conducted to investigate the change in learners' acquisition of English expressions. As a result, subjects' learning of English expressions showed a significant improvement over time. An open-ended questionnaire was also conducted to ascertain learners' satisfaction level and their perceptions of classes using animated movie, with learners' satisfaction found to be high overall (77.1%). Students identified the reasons for their high satisfaction rate as the following: "fun and a touching story", "beneficial composition of textbooks", "efficient teaching methods", "sympathetic topics", and "appropriate difficulty". When using video media in class, instructors should maximize and leverage the advantages of video media, which are rich both in context and in their linguistic aspects.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.397-416
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• 2016

This study analyzed the quality of mathematics classes with observations using the instrument, MQI(Mathematical Quality of Instruction). Class recordings and interviews were conducted on 2 pre-service teachers and 4 in-service teachers. This study recorded and analyzed 3 or 4 classes for each mathematics teacher by using revised MQI. There were a total of 8 raters: 2 or 3 raters analyzed each class. MQI has four dimensions: Richness of the Mathematics, Working with Students and Mathematic, Errors and Imprecision, Student Participation in Meaning-Making and Reasoning. In the dimension of 'Richness of Mathematics', all teachers had good scores of 'explanations of teacher' but had lower scores of 'linking and connections', 'multiple procedures or solution methods' and 'developing mathematical generalizations.' In the dimension of 'Working with Students and Mathematics', two in-service teachers who have worked and having more experience had higher scores than others. In the dimension of 'Errors and Imprecision', all teachers had high scores. In the dimension of 'Student Participation in Meaning-Making and Reasoning', two pre-service teachers had contrast and also two in-service teachers who hadn't worked not long had contrast. Implications were deducted from finding to improving quality of mathematics classes.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제1권
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• pp.7-33
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• 1990

Bechhofer and Tamhane(1981) developed a theory of optimal incomplete block designs for comparing several treatments with a control. This class of designs is appropriate for comparing simultaneously $p{\geq}2$ test treatments with a control treatment (the so-called multiple comparisons with a control (MCC) problem) when the observations are taken in incomplete blocks of common size $K{\<}p+1$. In this paper we want to extend to partially BTIB designs with two associate classes for the MCC problem. We propose a new class of incomplete block designs that are partially balanced with respect to test treatments. Because the class of designs that we consider is larger than the class of designs in Bechhofer and Tamhane and provides us with designs that improve on the optimal designs in their class. We shall use the abbreviation PBTIB to refer to such designs. We study their structure and give some methods of construction. Also we describe a procedure for making exact joint confidence statements for the MCC problem in PBTIB Designs with two associate classes. We study Optimality, Admissibility considerations in PBTIB designs with two associate classes.