• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.278-289
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• 2023

Background: Linezolid has been widely used in the treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. However, there are limitations to use it such as long treatment, because of related side effects, even adequate treatment period has been needed for remission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Method: The meta-analysis was performed based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. To choose literatures, systematic literature reviews were conducted with databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Results: Efficacy and safety of Linezolid were determined by 85% (95% CI=79~89%, p<0.05) in the sputum culture conversion and 55% (95% CI=45~64%, p<0.01) in side effects related to linezolid, respectively. In addition, I² was estimated by 72%. In the subgroup analysis, efficacy and safety by dose and region were analyzed. In the subgroup analysis, compared with the linezolid dose in groups greater than 600 mg/day and less than 600 mg/day, this study showed 85% (95% CI 79~90%, p>0.05) in 206 patients and 82% (95% CI 73~89%, p<0.05) in 297 patients, respectively. Also, in the subgroup analysis, adverse effects caused by linezolid occurred more than 50% of treated patients. Conclusion: Therapeutic efficacy of linezolid for MDR-TB patients was confirmed regardless of the initial dose of linezolid, especially for sputum culture conversion and it was recommended that the dose of linezolid has been more effective below 600 mg/day. However, it should be necessary to closely monitored for safety issues since serious side effects possibly occurred by administration of long period treatment.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.211-215
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• 2011

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-like isolate was collected from Raphanus sativus (cv. Choon-hyang), which showed mosaic symptoms. The isolate was confirmed to a strain of CMV by host responses in Vigna unguiculata, Chenopodium amaranticolor and Gomphrena globosa, by viral genome composition with RT-PCR and PCR-RFLP, and by serological analysis. Symptom developed by the strain of CMV was severe in Nicotiana benthamiana, N. glutinosa, N. tabacum (cv. Samsun, cv. Xanthi), Cucumis melo (cv. Early hanover), Cucumis sativus (cv. White wonder), Capsicum annuum (cv. Chung-yang and cv. Geum-top), but mild symptom was developed in Raphanus sativus (cv. Choon-hyang), Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis (cv. Bul-Am No. 3), and B. juncea (cv. Daenong Jukgot). Newly isolated strain of CMV could infect diverse crops including Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae and Brassicaceae. We designated the new strain of CMV as Gn-CMV based on the novel infectivity of Brassicaceae. In double-stranded (ds) RNA analysis, Gn-CMV consisted of 3.3, 3.0, and 2.2 kb genomes likewise other strains of CMV. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed 28 kDa of the CMV coat protein. By restriction enzyme mapping using Cac8I, ClaI and MspI of RT-PCR products indicated that Gn-CMV belongs to CMV subgroup I.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.213-221
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• 1993

In this paper, we will show that the multiplicative group G in a finite ring R with identity 1 has a (B, N)-pair satisfying the following conditions; (1) G=BNB where B and N are subgroups of G. (2) B.cap.N is a normal subgroup of N and W = N/(B.cap.N), is generated by a set S = { $s_{1}$, $s_{2}$, .., $s_{k}$} where $s_{i}$.mem.N/(B.cap.N), $s_{i}$$^{2}$.iden.1 and $s_{i}$.neq.1. (3) For any s.mem.S and w.mem.W, we have sBw.contnd.BwB.cup.BswB. (4) We have sBs not .subeq. B for any s.mem.S. When G, B, N and S satisfy the above conditions, we say that the quadruple (G, B, N, S) is a Tits system. The group W is called the Weyl gorup of the Tits system.ystem.m.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.491-501
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• 1998

If N is any cartesian product of a closed simply connected n-manifold $N_1$ and a closed aspherical m-manifold $N_2$, then N is a codimension 2 fibrator. Moreover, if N is any closed hopfian PL n-manifold with $\pi_iN=0$ for $2 {\leq} i < m$, which is a codimension 2 fibrator, and $\pi_i N$ is normally cohopfian and has no proper normal subroup isomorphic to $\pi_1 N/A$ where A is an abelian normal subgroup of $\pi_1 N$, then N is a codimension m PL fibrator.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2002

We describe a riboprinting scheme for identification of unknown Acanthamoeba isolates at the species level. It involved the use of PCR-RFLP of small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (riboprint) of 24 reference strains by 4 kinds of restriction enzymes. Seven strains in morphological group I and III were identified at species level with their unique sizes of PCR product and riboprint type by Rsa 1. Unique RFCP of 17 strains in group II by Dde I. Taq I and Hae III were classified into: (1) four taxa that were identifiable at the species level. (2) a subgroup of 4 taxa and a pair of 2 taxi that were identical with each other. and (3) a species complex of 7 taxa assigned to A. castellanii complex that were closely related. These results were consistent with those obtained by 18s rDNA sequence analysis. This approach provides an alternative to the rDNA sequencing for rapid identification of a new clinical isolate or a large number of environmental isolates of Acanthamoeba.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.144-149
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• 1996

To develope the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) using Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus (SeNPV), we characterized the polyhedrin of SeNPV. The SeNPV polyhedra was irregular and composed of the major protein molecular weight of 30 kDa determined by electronmicroscopy and SDS-AGE analysis, respectively. The nucleotid suquences of 876 bases including the coding region of polyhedrin gene was determined and it was revealed that the polyhedrin gene is located within Xho I 3.0Kb and Nco I 6.0 Kb by Southern blot analysis, respectively. Also, the Xho I 3.0 Kb and the Nco I 6.0 Kb fragments were cloned and restriction enzyme map of these clones were determined.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.109-114
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• 2002

To evaluate the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of the phytoplasmas associated with water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica DC) disease in Korea and Japan, their 16S rDNA was analyzed. DNAs extracted from water dropworts collected in Korea (Kyongnam province) and Japan (Chiba prefecture) affected by witches' broom and yellows were subjected to PCR using phytoplasma-specific primers, which amplified a 1.4-kbp fragment that included the 16S rDNA. Phytoplasmas were characterized by RFLP analysis using AluI, HaeIII, HhaI, KpnI, MseI, and RsaI restriction enzymes and by sequence analysis of the PCR products. The mater dropwort witches'broom (WDWB) and water dropwort yellows (WDY) 16S rDNA sequences were identical and closely related to onion yellows (OY, 99.9% identity), which belong to the aster yellows (AY) 16S-subgroup. However, the KpnI RFLP analyses clearly distinguished the WDY and WDWB phytoplasmas from the OY phytoplasma. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA showed that WDWE and WDY phytoplasmas are members of a relatively homogeneous group that evolved from a common ancestor.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.149-157
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• 2023

Phytoplasmas were discovered in diseased Elaeocarpus sylvestris trees growing on Jeju Island that showed symptoms of yellowing and darkening in the leaves. Leaf samples from 14 symptomatic plants in Jeju-si and Seogwipo-si were collected and phytoplasma 16S rRNA was successfully amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction using universal primers. The sequence analysis detected two phytoplasmas, which showed 99.5% identity to 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' and 'Ca. P. malaysianum' affiliated to 16SrI and 16SrXXXII groups, respectively. Through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses using the AfaI (RsaI) restriction enzyme, the presence of two phytoplasmas strains as well as cases of mixed infection of these strains was detected. In a virtual RFLP analysis with 17 restriction enzymes, the 16S rRNA sequence of the 'Ca. P. asteris' strain was found to match the pattern of the 16SrI-B subgroup. In addition, the phytoplasmas in the mixed-infection cases could be distinguished using specific primer sets. In conclusion, this study confirmed mixed infection of two phytoplasmas in one E. sylvestris plant, and also the presence of two phytoplasmas (of the 16SrI and 16SrXXXII groups) in Jeju Island (Republic of Korea).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.57-70
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of the modified live vaccines against canine Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) and canine parainfluenza virus (CPIV) in puppies by nasal administration. A total of 24 puppies were classified as 3 groups consisting of 8, and each one was divided into two subgroups; vaccinated (n=4) and unvaccinated (n=4). Group I, group II and group III were challenged with Bb, CPIV, and Bb+CPIV, respectively. In group I vaccinated puppies (n=4) were experimentally challenged with Bb 2 weeks after vaccination and unvaccinated puppies (n=4) were experimentally challenged with Bb alone. The same methods of the above were applied for group II and group III. We carried out several studies including serum tests, isolation, and histopathological examination. The vaccinated puppies showed higher antibody titers than unvaccinated puppies and the titer sustained during the experimental period. In the isolation test, recovery period was shorter in the vaccinated subgroup than in the other. In clinical signs, the unvaccinated puppies showed the typical signs of tracheobronchitis (coughing, nasal and occular discharge), but another subgroup showed delayed incidence and mild clinical signs. The typical gross lesions and histopathological findings were observed in the unvaccinated puppies. In immunohistochemical findings, the vaccinated puppies showed little intensive in reaction for CPIV antigen than the other. It could be concluded that intranasal vaccination of modified live Bb and CPIV vaccine to puppies is effective to prevent canine infectious tracheobronchitis.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.3 s.86
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• pp.373-379
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• 1998

Rhizoctonia solani [Thanatephorus cucumeris (frank) Donk], one of the major soil-borne plant pathogens with world-wide distribution, can cause great damages on various crops. In Korea, sheath blight on rice caused by this pathogen is the major concern, and active studies on this pathogen have been performed. However, most of these studies were concerned with pathogenicity of the isolates instead of molecular analyses of different AGs of R. solani. Therefore, in this study, thirty isolates of Rhizoctonia solani collected from various sources were used for the analyses of genetic relationships among themselves and for the rapid anastomosis grouping with RAPD method. As a result, thirty isolates of known and unknown AGs were grouped into five subgroups and each group included AG-1, AG-2, AG-3, AG-4, and AG-5. RS-1 isolate was found to be closely related to AG-5. Isolates RS-4, RS-14, RS-17, and RS-16 were found to be closely related to AG-2-2(III B). Isolate RS-13 was closely related to AG-4, isolates RS-8 and RS-10 were closely related to AG-1(I B), and isolates RS-7 and RS-21 were closely related to AG-2-2(IV). Isolate RS-19 was closely related to AG-1(I C), and isolates RS-3, RS-5, RS-18, RS-6, and RS-15 were found to be closely related to AG-1.