• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.159-169
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• 1992

This study attempted to analyze the psychological anxiety of middle-aged men who expect to retire in order to bring up the problems of present retirement system, and suggest more desirable solutions connected with social welfare. The subjects of this study consisted of "non retirement group", aged 40-44(N=70) and "retirement group", aged 50-54(N=60) who were full-time employees in the small and medium enterprizes. The psychological anxiety levels of the two groups were assessed by the Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) composed of 40 items. The major findings are as follows. There were significant differences in both trait and state anxiety between the two groups. The retirement group reported the higher level of both trait and state anxiety than the non retirement. And there was significant difference in "increased anxiety level by retirement"(state anxiety-trait anxiety) between the two groups. The retirement group reported the higher level of increased anxiety than the non retirement group. The state anxiety of the retirement group was significantly different by the retirement-related factors such as health state, the presence or absence of leisure activity and plan for later life, etc. The opinion of the two groups on the present retirement system was generally negative. The two groups prefered the voluntary retirement to involuntary retirement and considered that the retirement time must be prolonged to the age of 60 or 65.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.131-141
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was designed to determine the effects of middle-aged men's family functionality and self-efficacy on their retirement anxiety, in order to produce methods to alleviate this anxiety, including providing basic information for devising programs that help middle-aged men get better adjusted to and increase their awareness about retirement. Methods: For data collection, the study surveyed 364 middle-aged men who were residing in B Metropolitan City from February. 10 to 25, 2017. Results: This study found that the primary factor influencing middle-aged men's retirement anxiety is self-efficacy, for which the explanatory power for the surveyed men's retirement anxiety was 52.0%. In contrast, family functionality had no effect on retirement anxiety. Conclusions: To make middle-aged men less anxious about retirement, a variety of programs must be created and implemented that help them improve their self-efficacy prior to retirement. Furthermore, these men should be provided with educational and intervention programs that facilitate their adjustment to retirement and increase their awareness about retirement.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.175-185
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of care stress for older patients, self-perceptions of aging, and anxiety about aging on preparation for retirement in clinical nurses. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which participants were 222 nurses who had at least six months of work experience and were involved in caring for older patients in the last six months at the work site. Data were collected from August to September, 2020 using an online survey questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: The mean level of preparation for retirement in the participants was moderate (3.21 out of 5 points). Among the sub-domains of preparation for retirement, financial preparation had the lowest score. Self-perceptions of aging and aging anxiety were significant predictors for retirement preparation in nurses, accounting for 16% of the variable's total variance. Conclusion: A greater level of preparation for retirement was associated with a positive perception of aging and a decreased level of aging anxiety in the clinical nurses. Further research should focus on exploration of specific determinants of financial preparation for retirement and development of intervention strategies for improving preparation for retirement in the nursing workforce.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.23-31
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• 2020

This study is to identify the relationship between andropause symptoms, resilience, and retirement anxiety in the context of convergence. It is also to identify the factors that affect retirement anxiety by checking these relationships. For data collection, the study surveyed 87 middel-aged men who were residing in S City from July 20 to October 25, 2019. This study found that middle-aged men's anxiety about retirement has a significant influence on andropause syndrome and resilience. In addition, those with andropause syndrome had lower resilience and higher retirement anxiety than those without symptoms. Therefore, it is necessary to consider ways to efficiently overcome retirement anxiety in middle-aged men, reduce andropause symptoms, and enhance resilience.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.315-325
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• 2019

The study attempted to examine the structural model of the effects of health status and retirement aging anxiety on middle-aged workers. The subjects were collected from 263 40-59 year old middle-aged workers who work at three institutions in C and G cities. Results First, the variables affecting aging anxiety were aging preparation and health status, and these variables accounted for 52% of aging anxiety. Second, health status had a significant effect on retirement preparedness, and there was a significant indirect effect on aging anxiety through retirement preparedness. There was a partial control effect due to the difference in the path coefficient between health status and aging anxiety in the multi-group moderating effect of 40~49 and 50~59 years. Therefore, in order to reduce aging anxiety, it is important to find ways to prepare for various retirement, and a systematic management system is necessary.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.599-605
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• 2016

This paper was to explore the effect of spouse support and cognitive strategy for emotional regulation on retirement anxiety of middle aged men. The survey was carried out with middle aged employed men worked in 5 major cities. 313 copies of questionnaires were used in the survey except the ones insufficient respond. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation and Multiple Regression. As a result, Main results of this study could be presented as follows. Spouse support was the significant predictor to explain retirement anxiety of middle aged men, but cognitive strategy for emotional regulation didn't have the effectiveness to retirement anxiety of middle aged men. In conclusion, to alleviate retirement anxiety of middle aged men, in conjugal relations spouse support need to be strengthened.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.149-169
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• 2015

This research is based on internal marketing to explain the effect of retirement education as the strategy for increasing internal customer satisfaction. The analysis was held with employees who work in Ulsan area by using SPSS18K and Smart PLS 2.0. The study verified the structural equation model hypothesizing the relationship among related factors including retirement education factors, job satisfaction, anxiety, motivation and customer orientation. According to the result of this study, retirement education factors have positive effect on the both job satisfaction and anxiety. However, the effect of leisure education is not significant for both job satisfaction and anxiety. Additional IPA was conducted to explain managerial implication of this research. The research has several marketing implication on internal marketing and internal customer satisfaction. For firms, employees' perception of retirement education can generate the tangible and intangible performance in the internal marketing perspectives.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.153-162
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• 2024

This study aims to provide basic data that can reduce middle-aged office workers' sense of mid-life crisis by investigating whether self-esteem moderates the effect of middle-aged office workers' retirement anxiety on their sense of mid-life crisis through gratitude. The survey subjects were 313 middle-aged office workers aged 40 to 65, and the data was analyzed using SPSS Win. Ver. 25 and SPSS PROCESS macro Ver. 4.1. Descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and moderated mediation effect analysis were applied. The research results are as follows. First, retirement anxiety showed a negative correlation with gratitude and self-esteem and a positive correlation with midlife crisis sense. Self-esteem played a moderated mediating role in buffering the effect of retirement anxiety on the midlife crisis sense through gratitude. It was confirmed that the gratitude and self- esteem of middle-aged office workers can be used as important variables that can act as protective factors when retirement anxiety increases the sense of mid-life crisis. Based on these results, when middle-aged office workers' anxiety about retirement hurts their sense of mid-life crisis, this study proposed a plan to prevent the sense of mid-life crisis by utilizing gratitude and self-esteem.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.167-187
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• 2020

Currently, Korea is changing into an ultra-aging society, and office workers retire at the age of 49.5 on average from their main jobs, and the national pension is delayed from 62 years old to 65 years old by 2034, so research is needed to prepare for the aging of office workers after retirement. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the intention to start a business after retirement and the mediating effect of another sense of success expectation on life after retirement, targeting office workers nationwide. Changes in individual attitudes and systematic institutional support are needed to prepare for a sustainable job until the age of 100 after retirement, that is, a start-up utilizing wisdom and experience in work life. As a result of the study, the ability to perform the goal as job performance, economic preparation for retirement preparation, preparation for external relations, and future anxiety have a positive effect on the entrepreneurial will, and the ability to use new technologies as job performance, and physical preparation for retirement. Preparation and preparation for internal relations were found to have no effect. In the influencing relationship between preparation for external relations and the will of start-up, and future anxiety and will of start-up, another sense of success was confirmed to have a partial mediation effect. In the relationship between economic preparation and willingness to start a business, the effect of complete mediation was confirmed. In order to increase the will to start a business after retirement, it was confirmed that another sense of expectation for success was an important variable. Introducing a government-sponsored education system in the company to reduce the government's financial burden due to super-aging and achieve corporate growth through employee training while potential founders, office workers, are employed, and entrepreneurship and goals for the three life goals of office workers By introducing a performance improvement program, we were able to get implications that would be a solution to the growth of individuals and businesses and reducing the government's financial burden.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.449-465
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• 2017

Small and medium-sized company workers are ill-prepared for retirement due to low wages and poor working conditions, as result, are likely to get into poverty in retirement. The purpose of this study is to conduct a case study on the current status of financial and non-financial retirement preparation of the small and medium-sized company workers. The main findings are as follows. First, the small and medium-sized company workers show the anxiety about retirement. Many pre-retirees worry that their retirement savings may not generate enough income in retirement, and the level of benefits paid in public pension is inadequate. Second, they are preparing for retirement in the areas of finance, health, working after retirement and social activity. Third, they are realistic and practical in retirement decisions makings. they are considering household budget downsizing, cutting education costs, the low-waged job choice and cash flow preference in retirement. The safety and reality in preparation for retirement are top considerations. In conclusion, this case study shows that pre-retirees of small and medium-sized companies are seeking diverse retirement solutions. We need to design integrated and practical retirement planning programs to support their specific retirement needs.