• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.292-297
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• 2006

오염된 양식 해수의 수질정화능력이 뛰어난 광합성세균의 고순도 대량배양을 위한 실험을 실험실 단위 및 파이롯트 단위에서 수행했다. Gas pack 반응기, flask 반응기 및 N-source로서 질소 가스를 사용한 실험 결과, 광합성세균은 현미경상 약 90%이상의 순도를 나타내었고, CFU 측정 결과에서도 붉은색을 띄는 광합성세균 colony만을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 배지의 교차에 의한 배양실험에서 기초배지를 이용한 배양이 광합성세균의 성장에 가장 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 배양조건하에서의 5L bioreactor 배양에서 비증식속도가 $0.18h^{-1}$로 나타났고, 실험실 단위의 결과를 이용한 pilot 단위에서의 배양결과, 실험실 단위의 비증식속도와 동일한 값을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2004

산업적 R3HB의 생산을 위한 재조합 대장균의 pilot규모에서의 유가식 배양과 연속식 배양을 연구하였다. Pilot 규모에서의 R3HB생산을 위하여 안전한 two plasmid system pBRRed와 pMCS 105를 제작하였으며, 제작된 plasmids을 이용하여 여러 다른 대장균을 형질 전환하였다. 얻어진 재조합 대장균들을 30 l의 발효기에서 회분식 배양한 결과 대장균 XL-10 Gold(pBRRed, pMCS105)가 가장 높은 R3HB 농도를 보였다 30 1 발효기에서 대장균 XL-10 Gold (pBRRed, PMCS105)을 유가식 배양한 결과 22.4 g/1의 R3HB가 얻어졌으며, 생산성은 0.97 g/1-h를 보였다. 고농도의 R3HB를 고생산성으로 얻기 위하여 유가식 배양으로 높은 균체 농도를 얻은 후 연속 배양으로 R3HB를 생산하는 전략을 개발하였다. 그 결과 0.2 $h^{-1}$ 의 dilution rate에서 R3HB 생산성은 5.06 g/1-h를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 산업적 규모에서 재조합 대장균을 이용하여 R3HB를 고농도, 고생산성으로 얻을 수 있다는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.609-614
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• 1993

The optimum conditions for the submerged mycelial culture of Lentinus edodes SR-1 were elucidated to be incubation temperature of 25C, initial pH 4.0, agitation of 300 rpm, inoculation of 10.0%(v/v), and aeration of 1.0 v/v/m in TGY medium. The optimum c/n ratio and economic yield coeffcient for the submerged mycelial culture were 13.1:1 and 0.45 respectively. As the plant growth hormones test, SCM medium containing 0.5ppm of 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid increased mycelial yield in 1.1%, but 6-benzylaminopurine was not effective.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.371-374
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• 2002

Production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)［P(3HB/V)］, by fed-batch culture of recombinant Escherichia coli harboring a plasmid containing the Alcaligenes latus polyhy-droxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthesis genes, was examined in two pilot-scale fermentors with air supply only, In a 30 L fermentor having a XLa value of 0.11 S­$^1$, the final P(3HB/V) concentration and the P(3HB/V) content obtained were 29.6 g/L and 70.1 wt%, respectively giving a productivity of 1.37 g P(3HB/V)/L-h. In a 300 L fermentor having a XLa of 0.03 S­$^1$, the P(3HB/V) concentration and the P(3HB/V) content were 20.4 g/L and 69 wt%, respectively giving a productivity of 1.06g P(3HB/V)/L-h. These results suggest that economical production of P(3HB/V) is possible by fed-batch culture of recombinant E. coli in a large-scale fermentor having low KLa value.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.345-349
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• 2015

Antifreeze proteins (AFP) inhibit growth and recrystallization of ice, and permit organisms to survive in cold environments. The AFP from an Antarctic bacterium, Flavobacterium frigoris PS1, FfIBP (Flavobacterium frigoris icebinding protein), was produced in E. coli using a cold shock induction system. The culture temperature was shifted from $37^{\circ}C$ to $15^{\circ}C$ and a 20 L culture scale was used. The final weights of dried cell and FfIBP were estimated to be 126 g and 8.4 g, respectively. The thermal hysteresis (TH) activity ($1.53^{\circ}C$) of the produced FfIBP was 3.6-fold higher than that of the LeIBP (Leucosporidium ice-binding protein) produced in Picha. The current study demonstrates that large-scale production of FfIBP was successful and the result could be extended to further application studies using recombinant AFPs.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.379-388
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a tool to evaluate patient safety culture in nursing homes and to test its validity and reliability. Methods: A preliminary tool was developed through interviews with focus group, content validity tests, and a pilot study. A nationwide survey was conducted from February to April, 2011, using self-report questionnaires. Participants were 982 employees in nursing homes. Data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha, item analysis, factor analysis, and multitrait/multi-Item analysis. Results: From the results of the analysis, 27 final items were selected from 49 items on the preliminary tool. Items with low correlation with total scale were excluded. The 4 factors sorted by factor analysis contributed 63.4% of the variance in the total scale. The factors were labeled as leadership, organizational system, working attitude, management practice. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was .95 and the range for the 4 factors was from .86 to .93. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the Korean Patient Safety Culture Scale has reliability and validity and is suitable for evaluation of patient safety culture in Korean nursing homes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.609-614
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• 2010

The effluent from anaerobic digestion contains organic nitrogen and phosphorus, which are both required for growth of Spirulina platensis. Effluent (20%) from the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) from a pig farm, supplemented with 4.5 g/l sodium bicarbonate ($NaHCO_3$) and 0.2 g/l urea fertilizer (46:0:0, N:P:K), was found to be not only a suitable medium for the growth of Spirulina platensis but also a low-cost alternative. Cost calculation showed that this medium is 4.4 times cheaper than modifized Zarrouk's medium. The average productivities of a semi-continuous culture grown under outdoor conditions in a 6-1 scale and a 100-1 pilot scale were 19.9 $g/m^2/d$ and 12 $g/m^2/d$, respectively. In addition, the biomass of organisms grown in UASB effluent contained approximately 57.9% protein, 1.12% $\gamma$-linolenic acid, and 19.5% phycocyanin. The average rates of bicarbonate, total nitrogen, and phosphorus removal were 380 mg/l/d, 34 mg/l/d, and 4 mg/l/d, respectively.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.100-109
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• 2015

Environmental problems from petroleum-based plastic wastes have been rapidly increasing in recent years. The alternative solution is focus on the development of environmental friendly plastic derived from renewable resource. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer synthesized from biomass having potential to replace the petroleum-based non-degradable polymers utilizations. PLA can be synthesized by two methods: (1) ring-opening of lactide intermediate and (2) direct polycondensation of lactic acid processes. The latter process has advantages on high yields and high purity of polymer products, materials handling and ease of process treatments. The polymerization process of PLA synthesis has been widely studied in a laboratory scale. However, the mass scale production using direct polycondensation of lactic acid has not been reported. We have investigated the kinetics and scale-up process of direct polycondensation method to produce PLA in a pilot scale. The order of reaction is 2 and activation energy of lactic acid to lactic acid oligomers is 61.58 kJ/mol. The pre-polymer was further polymerized in a solid state polymerization (SSP) process. The synthesized PLA from both the laboratory and pilot scales show the comparable properties such as melting temperature and molecular weight. The appearance of synthesized PLA is yellow-white solid powder.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.613-630
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a scale measuring the Patient-Centered Nursing Culture (PCNC) and provide a basic tool to improve PCNC in Korea. Methods: A conceptual framework and construct factors were extracted through extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with nursing professionals. In total, 59 items were derived based on the pilot survey. Data were collected from 357 nurses working at general hospitals and analyzed for verifying the reliability and validity of the scale. Results: Nine factors containing 54 items were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis to verify the construct validity. The nine factors were top management leadership, policy and procedure, education and training, middle management leadership, supportive teamwork, nursing workplace environment, professional competence, patient-centered nursing activity, and nurses' values. These items were verified by convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity testing. The internal consistency reliability was acceptable (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.96$). Conclusion: The developed PCNC scale is expected to be used as the tool for the development of theory and improvement of PCNC, the empirical testing for cause and effect of PCNC, the development of interventions, education and training programs for improving PCNC, and indicators for evaluation or accreditation of hospital service quality.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 음식폐기물 효소당화액을 BC생산 배지원으로 이용하여, flask정치배양과 50 L로 규모확대한 공기순환배양기에서 BC생산성을 검토하고, 생산된 BC의 제반물성을 조사하였다. 전단력을 낮추기 위해 당화액배지에 agar를 첨가하여 10 L, 50 L 공기순환배양기에서 배양한 결과, 50 L 규모로 scale-up한 반응기에서 5.64 g/L로 10 L 공기순환배양기 (5.84 g/L)에서와 동등한 BC 농도가 얻어져 BC 대량생산에 효과적인 배양방법임이 입증되었다. 50 L 규모로 확대된 공기순환배양기를 이용하는 본 배양 방법은 BC의 저비용 대량생산을 위한 효율적인 생산 방법 중 하나가 되리라 사료된다. 또한, 당화액을 배지로 하여 공기순환 방법으로 제조한 BC의 물성을 정치배양 방법으로 제조한 BC의 물성과 비교 검토한 결과, 공기순환법으로 제조하였을 때 중합도 및 역학적 성질이 약간 저하하였으나 결정성은 비슷하였으며, 배양기 용량의 대소에 따른 물성의 변화는 거의 없었다.