• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.473-499
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• 2015

The limited literature on Open Source Software (OSS) customers' adoption does not provide explanations on how OSS services are adopted by customers in the presence of functionally superior commercially licensed software (CLS). This paper aims to uncover the process that shapes customer satisfaction of OSS services in comparison to CLS. Expectation Disconfirmation Theory (EDT) is adapted and integrated with pre implementation factor model that influences software customers' expectations including cost, reputation, and experience. The constructed research model is empirically validated using a field survey of OSS and CLS database management system (DBMS) customers in Korea. The theoretical contribution of the paper lies on the application of EDT to explain the wide adoption of OSS DBMS services in the presence of functionally superior CLS DBMSs. Furthermore, this paper integrates EDT with pre-implementation factors for customers' expectations, which has been considered a limitation of the theory. Among the practical contributions, this study draws attention to the substantive differences between OSS and CLS customers' expectations. Additionally, it offers initial explanations for the differences in customer behavior for OSS and CLS and the way that customers' expectations and actual performance are mingled together to form customer satisfaction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.227-230
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• 2007

The expansion of open education and the 7th revision of educational curriculum have brought big changes in the school facilities. In response to the integrated curriculum for the first and second grades of elementary school, various plans, such as open classroom, expanded classroom size, and the installation of multi-purpose space, have been attempted. However, such plans have appeared in the form of an open classroom--a uniform spatial composition. As a result, a plan for unit learning space to support the educational curriculum and activities for low grade levels is still insufficient. In the case of advanced countries, a lot of studies on space are being actively conducted to develop the creativity of children and to facilitate free-style learning, and such space is actually applied to a real educational environment. Therefore, this study will analyze the spatial composition of unit learning space for low grade level elementary schools in Korea. From the cases of advanced countries, a more concrete proposal will be suggested to diversify unit learning space for low grade levels.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2017

Debris flow is a composition of solid objects of various sizes, suspension and water, which occurs frequently as the results of landslide following heavy rainfall. This often causes extensive damage in the form of socio-economic losses and casualties as witnessed during the incident around Mt. Umyeon, Seoul in 2011. There have been numerous investigation to mitigate the impacts from debris flow; however, the estimation as preparedness measure has not been successful due to nonlinear and multiphase characteristics of phenomena both in material and process inherent in the debris flow. This study presents a numerical approach to simulate the debris flow using open source code of computational fluid dynamics, OpenFOAM with non-Newtonian viscosity model for three phase material modeling. In order to validate the proposed numerical method, the quantitative evaluations were made by comparisons with experimental results and qualitative analysis for the dispersion characteristics was carried for the case of debris flow in the actual incident from Mt. Umyeon.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1341-1356
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• 2018

The author devotes this paper to defining a new class of generalized soft open sets, namely soft somewhere dense sets and to investigating its main features. With the help of examples, we illustrate the relationships between soft somewhere dense sets and some celebrated generalizations of soft open sets, and point out that the soft somewhere dense subsets of a soft hyperconnected space coincide with the non-null soft ${\beta}$-open sets. Also, we give an equivalent condition for the soft csdense sets and verify that every soft set is soft somewhere dense or soft cs-dense. We show that a collection of all soft somewhere dense subsets of a strongly soft hyperconnected space forms a soft filter on the universe set, and this collection with a non-null soft set form a soft topology on the universe set as well. Moreover, we derive some important results such as the property of being a soft somewhere dense set is a soft topological property and the finite product of soft somewhere dense sets is soft somewhere dense. In the end, we point out that the number of soft somewhere dense subsets of infinite soft topological space is infinite, and we present some results which associate soft somewhere dense sets with some soft topological concepts such as soft compact spaces and soft subspaces.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.27-36
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• 2003

This paper aims to analyse facilities and characteristics of management for 21 model schools' open education system. So, we analyzed the class management and the methods of open education, teacher's mind, the shape and form of study group and we investigated teachers' satisfaction rate about the physical space. As a result, it is considered that the change for structure of learning space unit is needed because of the limitation in standard class size by the rule for construction. Considering the decrease of real using space by the space of learning materials or learning furniture, it should enlarge the structure of learning space unit or decrease the number of students. And to use multipurpose space practically as a place of study, it need that the multiple support of study program for teachers by government, support in course of study, giving training opportunity to teachers, distribution of personal management.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.170-178
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• 2007

Most of parabolic approximation models employ a relatively limited open boundary condition in which there is no depth variation in the longshore direction outside of the computation domain so that Snell's law may be presumed to hold. Existing Kirby's condition belongs to this category and in the paper both modified Kirby's method and Dirichlet boundary condition are presented in detail and numerical results of three methods were shown. Judging from computation to wave propagations over a circular shoal in a constant depth, the method based on present Dirichlet boundary condition with fictitious numerical adjusting regions in both sides of the computation domain gives the least distorted amplitude ratio distribution.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 2018

The interest in perovskite solar cells has been skyrocketed owing to their rapid progress in efficiency in recent years. Here, we report the effect of non-stoichiometry in the methylammonium lead trihalide ($MAPbI_3$) precursors used in a solution process with different MAI : $PbI_2$ ratios of 1 : 0.96, 1 : 1.10, 1 : 1.15, and 1:1.20. With an increase in the $PbI_2$ content, the $PbI_2$ secondary phase was found to form at grain boundary region of perovskite thin films, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In terms of device performance, open-circuit voltage in particular is significantly improved with increasing the molar ratio of $PbI_2$, which is possibly ascribed to the reduction in recombination sites at grain boundary of perovskite and hence the prolonged life time of light-generated carriers according to the reported. As a result, the $PbI_2-excess$ devices exhibited a higher power conversion efficiency compared to the MAI-excess ones.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.130-134
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• 2013

Most electrical machines like motor, generator and transformer are symmetric in terms of magnetic field distribution and mechanical structure. In order to analyze these problems effectively, many coupling techniques have been introduced. This paper deals with a coupling scheme for open boundary problem of symmetric and periodic structure. It couples an analytical solution of Fourier series expansion with the standard finite element method. The analytical solution is derived for the magnetic field in the outside of the boundary, and the finite element method is for the magnetic field in the inside with source current and magnetic materials. The main advantage of the proposed method is that it retains sparsity and symmetry of system matrix like the standard FEM and it can also be easily applied to symmetric and periodic problems. Also, unknowns of finite elements at the boundary are coupled with Fourier series coefficients. The boundary conditions are used to derive a coupled system equation expressed in matrix form. The proposed algorithm is validated using a test model of a bush bar for the power supply. And the each result is compared with analytical solution respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.474-480
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• 2001

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the complications of open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular fracture with miniplates. Patients and Methods: A total of 134 patients who presented with 196 fractures were analyzed retrospectively. Complications were evaluated for factors such as age, the site of fracture, the severity of fracture, delayed operation, preoperative wound contamination, the site and disposition of teeth in the fracture line and midfacial fractures. Statistical analysis was used to compare complications to risk factors. Results: Of the 134 patients, 20 patients had some form of postoperative complications and complication rate was 14.9%. These complications included infection, plate fracture, malocclusion, wound dehiscence, nerve injury and nonunion. There was a significant correlation between complication rate and the severity of fracture, preoperative wound contamination and the site of the fracture and disposition of teeth(p<0.05). Conclusion: The occurrence of postoperative complications in the treatment of mandibular fractures was related to the severity of fracture, preoperative wound contamination and the site of the fracture and disposition of teeth.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.27-35
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• 2007

The use of light steel framing as a method of house construction has increased significantly throughout Japan, United States and Europe. Industrialized unit method are prevailing in developed countries. Unit modular house industry has supported an intensive technical development, and housing systems are now available, which are highly adaptable in form and use. Unit modular house have their own merits and demerits, but the more crucial aspect is that the constant design standard should be applied in each design procedure. It entails the necessity of industrial housing development on the open system basis. This paper describes the general forms of factory product system of unit modular housing system in Korea, United States, Japan. And this study attempts to propose the unit factory product system of which the rate of pre-fabrication is the biggest, that can cope with the demand of user on the basis of open-system.