• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.667-672
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine classifying the level and accuracy of the meta-cognitive level of students and dental hygiene, and to understand the impact on the process of problem solving and accordingly, it is intended to provide a basis for learning strategies. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 328 dental hygiene students in 3 colleges in Gyeonggi-do and Chungnam. Data were analyzed by the frequency analysis, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's post-hoc test, Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS 12.0. Results : Meta-cognitive level of the subject was on average 4.43 points and problem solving level was lower at 2.82 points. Showed a significant difference in satisfaction with the major motives meta-cognitive level in accordance with the general characteristics of the subjects(p<0.05). Results of this study showed that no statistically significant differences in both the sub-areas of the level of problem solving according to the general characteristics of the subject(p>0.05). There was no correlation between the ability to solve problems and meta-cognitive level of the subjects(p>0.05). Conclusions : The finding of the study showed that meta-perception of dental hygiene students are lower the level of problem-solving that is compared to meta-cognition. It is suggested that development of a variety of learning methods for improving meta-cognitive thinking and problem-solving skills required in dental hygiene school curriculum.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.323-331
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• 2012

Purpose: Level of meta-cognition of students has been regarded as one of the crucial factors on web-based learning. This study aimed to describe interaction type in small group discussion of the nursing graduate students and to investigate learning consequences and interaction types in group discussion on meta-cognition level. Method: Twenty six graduate nursing students attending the class on-line at the K university in Seoul were included in the study. We measured their meta-cognition level and learning attitude. We also scored their individual and group reports as well as analyzed interaction type by reviewing the dialogue of the group discussion. Results: The participants showed low frequency of exploratory interaction and high frequency of integrative interaction in the cognitive interaction category. They showed frequent modification interaction in the meta-cognitive interaction category. Interestingly, the students with lower level of meta-cognition achieved significantly greater scores in the individual assignments. High functioning group consisting of the students with high meta-cognitive level produced greater group report. Conclusion: A new strategy is needed to encourage in-depth interaction in a group discussion of nursing students. Meta-cognitive level of the students should be considered to form a small group for discussion in order to improve group activities.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to examine the learner's variables affecting on scientific thinking and scientific process skills. To study this purpose, through the procedure study, the learner's variables were divided into cognitive variable, ego variable, and affective variable, then the questionaire survey through the reconstruction of standardization instrument was made over 120 elementary school fifth grade student in Seoul, Anyang, and Pajoo. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The learner's variables affecting on scientific thinking were cognitive variable and for female students, also affect affective variable. The subordinated catagories of statistically significant degree of explanation were achievement motivation, cognitive level, and cognitive style and another statistically significant correlation were meta-cognition, self regulated learning, self efficacy, and muliple intelligence. 2) The learner's variables affecting on science process skills were cognitive variable and affective variable. And the subordinated catagories of statistically significant degree of explanation were achievement motivation, and cognitive level. And another statistically significant correlation were meta-cognition, self regulated loaming, self efficacy, multiple intelligence, and attribution.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Medicine & Therapy Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.59-71
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of the CO-OP program using cognitive strategy on the satisfaction and high-level cognitive function of chronic stroke patients with cognitive impairment with the existing task-oriented approach training method. Method: The group randomly selects the experimental group and control group from 30 patients who suffer cognitive damage due to brain damage, and then randomly presents the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupative Performance (CO-OP) Results: The results of the study showed a significant increase in patient performance and satisfaction, task performance, and high-level cognitive functions in comparison to those before training (p<).05) There was no significant difference in CNT testing in controls; Although there were no significant differences in overall CNT testing between the two groups, the COPM, AMPS tests showed a significant increase in the experimental group compared to the comparators (p <.05). Conclusion: The Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupative Performance (CO-OP) Intervention Act, which uses meta-in strategies, was previously used. We were able to confirm that it could be a more effective intervention in task performance and high-level cognitive function than in the Meaningful Task-Specific Training Program (MTST).

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.335-350
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the differentiated instruction in mathematics by a meta-analysis. Among the studies conducted for last twenty three years, the relevant 49 research articles were selected, 80 effect sizes were calculated for the cognitive domain and 70 effect sizes for the affective domain. Effect sizes were analyzed with school levels, student level, group organization method such as homogeneous vs. heterogeneous, class transfer and adjusting class sizes for each cognitive domain and affective domain. The results are as the followings: In the cognitive domain, the overall effect size of the differentiated instruction produced a medium effect(effect size=0.68, U3=75.17%). The differentiated instruction showed the highest effect size on elementary school and middle school, mid level students, heterogeneous group, class transfer and not adjusted class size. And in the affective domain, the overall effect size of the differentiated instruction produced a low effect(effect size=0.36, U3=65.36%). The differentiated instruction showed the highest effect size on elementary school, mid level students, and heterogeneous group. Thus the differentiated instruction was proved to be effective in mathematics classes.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.359-373
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• 2015

Cognitive reserve(CR) is the ability to optimize or maximize performance through complementary brain networks. CR is relevant to normal aging in cognitive-linguistic abilities. There are few domestic systematic reviews or meta-analyses that analyze the relationships between multiple CR and cognitive-linguistic domains in healthy older people. This meta-analysis included 32 studies published since 2000. In result, education level topped the list, followed by the occupation, cognitively stimulating activities, and the multilingualism. Most studies were related to memory, global cognition, and language. CR had a modest positive association with cognitive-linguistic performance. Multiple domains including memory and language also showed the significant correlations across most measures of CR. This study provides evidence-based information to support cognitive-linguistic ability in normal aging.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.331-352
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• 2012

The purpose of the study is to verify what cognitive variables have significant effect on proportional problem solving. For this aim, the study classified proportional problem into well-structured, moderately-structured, ill-structured problem by the level of structuredness, then classified the cognitive variables as well into factual algorithm knowledge, conceptual knowledge, knowledge of problem type, quantity change recognition and meta-cognition(meta-regulation and meta-knowledge). Then, it verified what cognitive variables have significant effects on 6th graders' proportional problem solving abilities through multiple regression analysis technique. As a result of the analysis, different cognitive variables effect on solving proportional problem classified by the level of structuredness. Through the results, the study suggest how to teach and assess proportional reasoning and problem solving in elementary mathematics class.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.357-382
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to report the effects of self-directed and self-regulated learning programs on elementary, middle, and high school students through meta-analysis of previous studies. For this research, 22 of previous studies were selected which were all conducted in the country, and calculated the effect size of 'standardized change of the mean difference' for many factors included in each research. The findings were as follows: first, the overall effect sizes of self-directed and self-regulated learning programs on elementary, middle, and high school students were .665 and .702 in the affective and cognitive domain, respectively, meaning that the self-directed and self-regulated learning programs had average or greater effects on elementary, middle, and high school students and exerted somewhat greater effects in the cognitive domain. Second, when the areas of moderating effects were divided into self-directed and self-regulated learning, the former and latter had more influences on the cognitive and affective domains, respectively. Third, the elementary school level recorded a larger effect size both in the affective and cognitive domains than the secondary school level. Fourth, the findings show that the characteristics of affective domain, "reflective thinking" and "self-confidence," recorded a very large effect size both at the elementary and secondary school levels. Finally, the programs were more effective when the application period was one to four weeks in the affective domain and more than four weeks in the cognitive domain. And, Significance and implications of this research were discussed.

• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.145-163
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the necessity of research for increasing French language learners and to examine their use of listening strategies according to their proficiency as a basic study for their continuous learning and communication skills. In the case of French language Korean learners, both the beginner and intermediate learners used the upper cognitive strategy most frequently. However, the cognitive strategy, which has been mentioned as a frequently used strategy in previous studies, was found to be the least used in this study. This finding can be attributed to differences in mores and mastery of prior studies and research subjects. The cognitive strategy was lower in both the beginner and intermediate levels, but the level of use increased significantly in the intermediate level compared to the beginner level, showing only statistically significant differences in the usage patterns according to the proficiency level among the four listening strategies.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.251-262
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• 2012

In this study, we develop 15 learning programs to enhance the variable identification and control abilities for the middle school students and analyze the effect of the programs applied to the class. To increase the learning effect of the variable identification and control abilities, we design the programs so that the students can monitor their thinking processes and also they can evaluate the results from their cognitive activities objectively. We analyze the effect of the programs applied to the class and the results show that the test group, which uses the program, marks higher scores in the variable identification abilities compared to the control group. Also, the test group has the increased level of logic to control the variables. Especially, the effect is higher with the students who do not have any logic to control the variables. From the results, we know that it is possible to improve the variable identification and control abilities of the students through the meta-cognitive learning programs developed by us. Furthermore, the results show that the score of variable control abilities positively correlate with that of meta-cognitive level. It means that the meta-cognitive strategy meaningfully increases the variable control abilities of middle school students.