• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2012

The research is performed in order to know the relationship between the metabolic syndrome and the physical fitness targeted for menopausal women (over 45 years). All subjects were divided into 4 groups; group without risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS-0: n=74), group having one risk factor of metabolic syndrome (MS-1: n=68), group having two risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS-2: n=44), and group having more than three risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS ${\geq}$ 3: n=30). All groups' height, weight, body mass index and percent of body fat were measured. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglyceride, glucose and blood pressure (BP) levels were measured. Their cardiorespiratory ($VO_2max$) endurance, muscular strength, muscle endurance, and flexibility were measured. HDL, triglyceride, glucose and BP levels in MS-1, MS-2, and MS ${\geq}$ 3 group were significantly greater than those of MS-0 group. The endurance ($VO_2max$) in MS ${\geq}$ 3 group was higher than that of MS-0 group. Multiple regression with the risk factors of metabolic syndrome and the physical fitness showed a statistical significance in only $VO_2max$. We found that the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome adversely affect postmenopausal women's $VO_2max$ and that a decreased $VO_2max$ may have prognostic value for the prediction of metabolic syndrome.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.931-942
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• 2020

For a polynomial $P(z)={\sum_{{\nu}=0}^{n}}\;a_{\nu}z^{\nu}$ of degree n having all its zeros in |z| ≤ k, k ≥ 1, it was shown by Rather and Dar [13] that ${\max_{{\mid}z{\mid}=1}}{\mid}P^{\prime}(z){\mid}{\geq}{\frac{1}{1+k^n}}\(n+{\frac{k^n{\mid}a_n{\mid}-{\mid}a_0{\mid}}{k^n{\mid}a_n{\mid}+{\mid}a_0{\mid}}}\){\max_{{\mid}z{\mid}=1}}{\mid}P(z){\mid}$. In this paper, we shall obtain some sharp estimates, which not only refine the above inequality but also generalize some well known Turán-type inequalities.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.855-868
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• 2021

If p(z) is a polynomial of degree n having all its zeros in |z| ≤ k, k ≤ 1, then for 𝜌R ≥ k² and 𝜌 ≤ R, Aziz and Zargar [4] proved that $${\max_{{\mid}z{\mid}=1}}{\mid}p^{\prime}(z){\mid}{\geq}n{\frac{(R+k)^{n-1}}{({\rho}+k)^n}}\{{\max_{{\mid}z{\mid}=1}}{\mid}p(z){\mid}+{\min_{{\mid}z{\mid}=k}}{\mid}p(z){\mid}\}$$. We prove a generalized L^r extension of the above result for a more general class of polynomials $p(z)=a_nz^n+\sum\limits_{{\nu}={\mu}}^{n}a_n-_{\nu}z^{n-\nu}$, $1{\leq}{\mu}{\leq}n$. We also obtain another L^r analogue of a result for the above general class of polynomials proved by Chanam and Dewan [6].

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.110-118
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• 2000

For reasonable fatigue design and estimation of fatigue durability considered fatigue strength and stiffness of the automotive body structure, many fatigue data must be insured according to the shapes, materials, and welding conditions of the spot welded lap joints. However, because it is actually difficult problem, there is need to establish a new method to be able to predict its fatigue life without any additional fatigue tests. Therefore, In order to improve such problems, in this study, the maximum stress function presenting the $\delta\sigma_{1max}―\delta P$ relation was defined form the relation between $\delta\sigma_{1max}-N_f$ and ${\delta}P-N_f$. By using the fatigue data on the IB type spot-welded lap joints previously obtained from the fatigue test results, fatigue life of the spot-welded lap joint previously obtained from the fatigue test results, fatigue life of the spot-welded lap joint having a certain dimension was tried to predict without any additional fatigue tests. And, its result was verified by ${\delta}P-$N_f$ curves. Obtained conclusion are as follows, 1) a maximum stress function considered the relation of the maximum principal stress, fatigue load, and the effects of geometrical factors of the IB type spot-welded lap joint was suggested. 2) the fatigue life predicted by the maximum principal stress function and the relation of $\delta\sigma_{1max}-N_f$ was well agreed with the fatigue life obtained through the actual fatigue test result. 3) the fatigue life of the IB type spot-welded lap joint having a certain dimension is able to be predicted without any additional fatigue tests from the fatigue life prediction method by the maximum principal stress function.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 1995

This study was undertaken to determine whether administration of a standardized gindeng extract at 300 mg.$d^1$ for 8 weeks could enhance maximum aerobic and anaerobic exercise capabilities and whether any changes of such effects can be occurred when exercise training was added. Forty-one male university students were randomly divided into four groups as ginseng-untrained (GU, n=10), ginseng-trained (GT, n=10), placebo-untrained (PU, n=10), and placebo-trained (PT, n=11). The trained groups underwent 8 weeks of aerobic exercise at 65% of individual's maximum oxygen consumption ($Vo_2$ max) for 30 min.$d^1$, 3d.$wk^1$. Prior to and at the end of experiment, $Vo_2$ max, anaerobic power (AP), anaerobic capacity (AC), and leg muscle strength were determined and some physiological parameters related to $Vo_2$ max were measured. Initially, all subject groups did not differ in average $Vo_2$ max (range 45.9 to 47.9 ml/.kg-1.min-1). After 8 weeks, the $Vo_2$ max increased significantly from the initial level by 12.6% in group GU, 14.5% in group PT, and 24.5% in group GU which was significantly higher than group GU but not group PT. Changes in all measured parameters related to $Vo_2$ max were similar among the subject groups except group PU. Both the AP and the AC were significantly increased in all subject groups (range +3.6 to +13.1% above initial for the AP and +4.4 to) 8.955 above initial for the AC) but the higher changes were found for the AP in groups PT and GU, and for the AC in grouts PT, when compared with group PU. No significant differences in the two anaerobic variables were observed between group GT and the other groups of subjects. Leg strength was also significantly enhanced over group PU in groups PT, GU and GT. There were no significant differences among the latter three subject groups. As a result of these findings, it was concluded that under the conditions of this study ginseng administration at the prescribed dose exhibited the training-like effects on $Vo_2$ max as well as anaerobic power and leg muscle strength but no clear synergistic action on these physical fitness variables occurred when both g inseng administration and exercise training were combined.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.775-784
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• 2021

For the polynomial P(z) of degree n and having all its zeros in |z| ≤ k, k ≥ 1, Jain [6] proved that $${{\max\limits_{{\mid}z{\mid}=1}}\;{\mid}P^{\prime}(z){\mid}{\geq}n\;{\frac{{\mid}c_0{\mid}+{\mid}c_n{\mid}k^{n+1}}{{\mid}c_0{\mid}(1+k^{n+1})+{\mid}c_n{\mid}(k^{n+1}+k^{2n})}\;{\max\limits_{{\mid}z{\mid}=1}}\;{\mid}P(z){\mid}$$. In this paper, we extend above inequality to its integral analogous and there by obtain more results which extended the already proved results to integral analogous.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.665-668
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• 2012

For a given graph G we consider a set S(G) of all symmetric matrices A = [$a_{ij}$] whose nonzero entries are placed according to the location of the edges of the graph, i.e., for $i{\neq}j$, $a_{ij}{\neq}0$ if and only if vertex $i$ is adjacent to vertex $j$. The minimum rank mr(G) of the graph G is defined to be the smallest rank of a matrix in S(G). In general the computation of mr(G) is complicated, and so is that of the maximum multiplicity MaxMult(G) of an eigenvalue of a matrix in S(G) which is equal to $n$ - mr(G) where n is the number of vertices in G. However, for trees T, there is a recursive formula to compute MaxMult(T). In this note we show that this recursive formula for MaxMult(T) also computes the path cover number $p$(T) of the tree T. This gives an alternative proof of the interesting result, MaxMult(T) = $p$(T).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07b
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• pp.906-911
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• 2004

In this paper, we used only PR as etching mask, while it used usually Cr/AU as etching mask, and in order to fabricate a photosensor has the increased sensitivity, we investigated on the sensitivity of general type and p-i-n type diode. we designed microchannel size width max 10um, min 5um depth max 10um, reservoir size max 100um, min 2mm. Fabrication of microfluidic devices in glass substrate by glass wet etching methods and glass to glass fusion bonding. The p-i-n diode has higher sensitivity than photodiode. Considering these results, we fabricated p-i-n diodes on the high resistive($4k{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$) wafer into rectangle and finger pattern and compared internal resistance of each pattern. The internal resistance of p-i-n diode can be decreased by the application of finger pattern has parallel resistance structure from $571\Omega$ to $393\Omega$.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2008

Function of protein is frequently related with tautomeric states of histidine sidechains. Thus, several NMR experiments were developed to determine the tautomeric states of histidines. However, poor sensitivity of these experiments caused by long duration of magnetization transfer periods is unavoidable. Here, we alleviate the sensitivity of HCN experiment for determining the tautomeric states of histidine residues using TROSY principle to suppress transverse relaxation of $^{13}C$ spins during long polarization transfer delays involving $^{13}C-^{15}N$ scalar couplings. In addition, this experiment was used to assign the sidechain resonances of histidines. These assignments can be used to follow the pH-titration of histidine sidechains.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.451-460
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• 2024

If a₀ + Σⁿ_ν=μ a_νz^ν, 1 ≤ µ ≤ n, is a polynomial of degree n having no zeroin |z| < k, k ≥ 1 and p'(z) its derivative, then Qazi [19] proved $$\max_{{\left|z\right|=1}}\left|p\prime(z)\right|\leq{n}\frac{1+\frac{{\mu}}{n}\left|\frac{a_{\mu}}{a_0} \right|k^{{\mu}+1}}{1+k^{{\mu}+1}+\frac{{\mu}}{n}\left|\frac{a_{\mu}}{a_0} \right|(k^{{\mu}+1}+k^{2{\mu}})}\max_{{\left|z\right|=1}}\left|p(z)\right|$$ In this paper, we not only obtain the L^r version of the polar derivative of the above inequality for r > 0, but also obtain an improved L^r extension in polar derivative.