• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2016

STEAM education introduced full-scale since 2011, it was reflected in the 2009 modified science curriculum. Partially it was decided not by result of study, but by the government policy. So practical study was needed for steam education. The researchers have studied effect of steam education based on physical computing from 2012 to 2014 on fourth grader. To study of effects of steam education, the researcher administer pre-to-post of science attitude test, science achievement test, logical ability test, psychological test for youth, satisfaction level test for school curriculum. The result shows that science attitude, logical ability, and satisfaction level for school curriculum of steam treatment group were enhanced. We conclude that steam education solve the proposed problem which low motivation and interest for science in comparison with science achievement.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.422-434
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• 2002

This study was conducted with 512 students in 4 primary schools located at the inner and the outskirt of K city, Northern Kyungsang Province from November 6, 2001 to November 27, 2001(during 3 weeks). This study was a research about the difference of a bullying degree and tendency of both teasing and teased students. The purpose of the study was to help nursing teachers in charge of student consultation and treatment. The findings are as follows: First, for to whom students confess their worries, students in lower grade talked to their parents while students in higher grade talked to their close friends. The higher grader, the higher rate in solving their problems by themselves. For how many students are teased by their peers in groups, 52.0％ students answered 1 or 2 students in a class. For the reasons of bully, 37.0％ higher graders answered, very selfish and putting on airs after 29.6％ lower graders answered, ugly and bad at speaking. Second, for perception of peer relation, 81.3％ students participating in the study answered, very important. For a question whether students satisfy present relation with their friends by gender, 53.7％ boys were satisfied while 34.6％ girls were satisfied. Third, for difference in bullying by gender, boys mainly teased others by using words and physical power(p<0.000) while girls estranged others. When it goes to teased students, it was the case: boys were bullied physically(p<0.000) and linguistically while girls were hurt by estrangement. Having nothing direct to do with school achievement, nursing teacher should make good use of such an advantage that students tend to easily confess their worries to them and take care of psychological aspects of students in treatment. Furthermore, it needs to include contents of bully in the regular heath care education.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2010

This paper is a research to know how to influence english lessons in a elementary school, when the class uses both video UCC and PPT to understand for an american culture and english lessons. We study 68 students in the 5th grader for 5 months. The results of the experiment research are as follows. Students of an experiment group show the advanced increase than a control group in understanding. We measure the degree of interesting about English lesson. The motive and interest in english lessons of an experiment group show the developed result. We put a question the experiment group on their opinion in video UCC utility. The experimental group answer the ratio of very positive opinion in usefulness and interest.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.303-313
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• 2013

Spatial ability has been valued as one component of intelligence and associated with the achievements in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines and important in STEM education. The purpose of this study is to assess elementary school students' spatial ability and analyze the relationship with mathematical achievement, gender and grade level. This study explored the spatial visualization ability of 1288 elementary school students (grade 4-6) in Seoul and Gangwon province and investigated association between spatial ability and students' mathematics achievement, the students' spatial ability according to their gender and grade level. As a result, this study showed that there were significant correlations between spatial ability and mathematical achievement. And also, boy students were better than girl students in spatial ability and higher grader were better than lower graders in spatial ability. According to these results, spatial ability should be included as one of the important components in identifying students for gifted education programs. Furthermore, more research is needed on how to effectively structure educational opportunities to students both who have high spatial ability and have low spatial ability.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.93-109
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop the number puzzle program and the mathematical creativity test and to analyze the effects of the mathematical creativity and the creative attitude in mathematics. To accomplish this aim, the six-grade students elementary school of thirty-six participated and this students participated Magic square, Sudoku, KenKen Puzzle activities in to the morning activity time for 30 minutes every morning and the pre-test of before activity and the post-test of after activity were collected. The number puzzle activity helps improve the mathematical creativity and the creative attitude in mathematics of the elementary school students and improve the mathematical creativity of for female students rather than for male students.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.6168-6175
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• 2014

Several studies regarding the effects of academic achievement on mental health problems have been conducted in adolescents but not in elementary school students. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine the effects of school achievement on depression in Korean elementary school students. The participants were 1,048, 5th to 6th elementary students in Seoul, Korea. The Spearman correlations between school achievement and depression were -0.31 for boys and -0.37 for girls (p<0.001 for both). After controlling for grader, the family economic status and self-esteem, higher achiever group showed a significantly low risk for depression in boys and girls. This study suggests that the lower school achievement is associated with a depressive mood in Korean elementary students. Therefore, students with lower academic performance are a risk group for depression.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.3 s.134
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• pp.242-245
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• 2003

The effects of chelidonine, a benzophenanthridine isoquinoline alkaloid, on L-DOPA-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells were investigated. The treatment of PC12 cells with chelidonine $(1-4\;{\mu}M)$ decreased dopamine content in a dose-dependent manner (30.2% inhibition at $4\;{\mu}M)$. Chelidonine was not cytotoxic up to $4\;{\mu}M)$. However, chelidonine at concentrations higher than $5\;{\mu}M$ caused a cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. L-DOPA at concentrations higher than $50\;{\mu}M$ led to cell damage by oxidative stress in PC12 cells. Chelidonine at non-cytotoxic concentration ranges of $1-4{\mu}M$ aggravated L- DOPA $(20-50\;{\mu}M)$-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. The L-DOPA-induced cytotocxicity was synergistically stimulated by chelidonine at concentrations grader than $5\;{\mu}M$. These data demonstrate that chelidonine exacerbates L-DOPA-induced cytotoxicity. Therefore, it is proposed that the long-term L-DOPA therapeutic patients with chelidonine may need to be checked for the adverse symptoms.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.863-885
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• 2009

In the era of wireless internet, we are apt to use a mobile phone for learning mathematics, besides the pc computer and the notebook computer. This study was to investigate the effect of M-learning when students were given a wireless mobile phone in terms of their perspectives towards the use of a mobile phone, achievement and attitudes towards mathematics. They were the 3th grader in a high school, who were expected to take Aptitude Test for the entrance of the university level. The most students who took an ubiquitous environment of M-learning showed it as a benefit for learning mathematics and did not spend time at other activities such as listening to music, sending text-message, playing games, etc, but at the M-learning activities. The students who engaged in the M-learning activities were improved a significantly higher score at Aptitude Test than the students who took the make-up courses in the school and also did a significantly higher disposition towards mathematics which was caused by curiosity among 7 components of the mathematical disposition.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.12-28
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to help develop high quality brassieres with functionality and comfort, fitting adolescents' physical features during their growth period. This study conducts a comparative analysis of juvenile brassiere and adult brassiere to identify the problems of brassieres in the market. The raw data for this study was processed by SPSS 10.1. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. The results of this survey show that the girls' satisfaction of their breasts has correlations between breast protrusion degree and volume. The girls think that if they have protrusive breasts their breast volume is big, and their breast satisfaction level shows high. 2. The results show that the objective of brassiere wearing is to prevent breasts sag and rupture, make good breast shape, balance their entire body shape, and make beautiful outer garment line. Brassiere functions are to prevent jiggle of breasts, make a good body line, and cover the nipples. For the grader school students, they are wearing brassiere to make a good balanced body and as their breasts developed, they are wearing brassiere for beautiful body shape not just to cover up their breasts. 3. In regard to brassiere cup size recognition, as students have higher grade at school, they have better recognition abouxt their cup size. As they are better aware of their cup size, they have better satisfaction with their cup size. Therefore, choosing the right size of brassiere for their bust is very important. 4. Girl students' brassiere preference shows that 317 students (56.9%) prefer white for brassiere colors, following pink and flesh color. Their most preferred brassiere material is cotton (354 people, 63.6%) because cotton is not sensitive even for weak skin. For brassiere style, 273 students (49%) prefer round style, following spots and mold. Their most preferred brassiere style is stake. In addition, brassiere should not press their breasts because their breasts are developing during puberty period.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.223-230
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• 2018

Objectives: The objective of this study was to clarify the effect of pre-training about role-behavior on the evaluation of communication and clinical skills in clinical training using role-playing. Methods: This study used data of 116, 4th grader students from Korean Medicak College of Dongshin University in 2016 and 2017. The data was divided into two groups: those who did pre-training about role-behaviors and those who did not. After performing their role-playing, they were asked to fill out questionnaires about 2 categories-communication and evaluation skills-, composed of 10 items each. Results: 1. Through pre-education, communication skills required the form and content of questions and the practice of communicating with patients. 2. Through pre-education, there was the need to practice listening for medical history, diagnosis skills and establishing relationships with patients. 3. Pre-training of communication skills and clinical skills helps to expose the shortcomings of clinical practice. Conclusions: In conclusion, pre-training about role-behaviors can help improve communication skills and clinical skills in clerkship using role-playing.